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Q2 07 Inverse-Functions

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15 views40 pages

Q2 07 Inverse-Functions

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raygan.ballion
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Philippine Science High School

ILOCOS REGION CAMPUS

Mathematics 3
S.Y. 2023 – 2024
Inverse Functions
Learning Outcomes

1. Determine the relationship of a function and its inverse.

2. Define the inverse of a function.

3. Find the inverse of a one-to-one function.

4. Sketch the graph of the inverse of a function.


Recall: What is a Relation?

A relation is a set of ordered pairs.

The first coordinate and the second coordinate of each


ordered pair in a relation are connected by a rule or a
formula.
Recall: Examples of Relations
Recall: Types of Relations

How to classify relations?


• one-to-one
• many-to-one
• one-to-many
Recall: Types of Relations
A one-to-one relation is a relation wherein no two first
coordinates share the same second coordinate and no
two second coordinates share the same first coordinate.
Recall: Types of Relations
A many-to-one relation is a relation wherein several first
coordinates share a single second coordinate while no
two second coordinates share the same first coordinate.
Recall: Types of Relations
A one-to-many relation is a relation wherein no two
first coordinates share the same second coordinate
while several second coordinates share the same first
coordinate.
Recall: What is a Function?

REMEMBER: No two ordered pairs in a function have the same first coordinates
but different second coordinates.
Recall: Relation vs. Function

Thus, the one-to-one and the many-to-one relations are


functions.

Meanwhile, the one-to-many relation is NOT a function.


Recall: Graphs of Different Functions
What is Inverse Function?
An inverse is a function that serves to “undo” another function.
What is Inverse Function?

ANALOGY:
What is Inverse Function?

The inverse of a function 𝑓 is denoted by 𝒇−𝟏

• The −1 does not act as an exponent.

1
• 𝑓 −1 (read as “ 𝑓 inverse” or “inverse of 𝑓 ”) is NOT the same as .
𝑓
What is Inverse Function?
The inverse of a function only exists if and only if the
original function is one-to-one.
How do we know if a function is one-to-one?

1. Horizontal Line Test (HLT)

2. Algebraic Test
How do we know if a function is one-to-one?

y
Example: The function (0, 7) (4, 7)
𝑦 = 𝑥2 – 4𝑥 + 7 is not one-to-one
because a horizontal line can intersect y=7
the graph twice. 2
x
2
Examples points: (0, 7) & (4, 7).
How do we know if a function is one-to-one?
How do we know if a function is one-to-one?

ALGEBRAIC TEST

A function 𝑓 is one-to-one if for any 𝑥1 and 𝑥2 in the domain of 𝑓


and 𝑥1 ≠ 𝑥2 , then 𝑓(𝑥1 ) ≠ 𝑓(𝑥2 ).

Equivalently,
How do we know if a function is one-to-one?

EXAMPLE:

Show algebraically that 𝑓 𝑥 = 5𝑥 3 − 1 is a one-to-one function.


How do we know if a function is one-to-one?
Finding the Inverse of a Function
Finding the Inverse of a Function
−1
Domain and Range of 𝑓and 𝑓
−1
Domain and Range of 𝑓and 𝑓

DOMAIN ℝ \ {2} DOMAIN ℝ \ {1}


RANGE ℝ \ {1} RANGE ℝ \ {2}
Inverse Function Property
Two functions 𝑓 and 𝑔 are inverse functions of each other if:
Inverse Function Property
Show that the two functions 𝑓 and 𝑔 are inverse functions of
each other using the Inverse Function Property:
Inverse Function Property
Graph of an Inverse Function

Functions and their inverses are


symmetric over the line 𝑦 = 𝑥.

If the point (𝒂, 𝒃) lies on the graph of 𝑓,


then the point (𝒃, 𝒂) must lie on the
graph of 𝑓 −1 and vice versa.
Graph of an Inverse Function

Points on 𝑔 (-2, 2) (0, 3) (2, 4) (4, 5)


Points on 𝑔−1 (2, -2) (3, 0) (4, 2) (5, 4)
Points on 𝑔 (-2, 2) (0, 3) (2, 4) (4, 5)
Points on 𝑔−1 (2, -2) (3, 0) (4, 2) (5, 4)

g(x)
y=x

g-1(x)
Domain Restriction
If 𝑓 is not one-to-one, we may restrict its domain such that 𝑓 is
one-to-one on the restriction.

The resulting function has an inverse.


Domain Restriction

+𝟏
𝑓 is not one-to-one because it
does not satisfy HLT.
Domain Restriction

+𝟏
Domain Restriction

+𝟏
Questions?
References
• Swokowski, E., & Cole, J. (2008). Algebra and Trigonometry with Analytic
Geometry, 12th Edition. Thomson Learning, Inc.

• PSHSS Learning Guides for Mathematics 3


END OF SESSION
Thank you for listening.

Questions? Send an email to


[email protected]

Need consultation? Visit


Tech Unit, ASTB 2F

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