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PHY-112 Exp 1

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27 views8 pages

PHY-112 Exp 1

Uploaded by

ohidul.hossain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Physics -112 Lab Assignment: 01

Name: Maisha Thasin


Code: 22201629
Section:3
Tasks:
This activity consists of two Parts:

1. Part one: Electric force versus distance.


2. Part two: Electric forces versus charge.

Objectives:
1. Satisfy Coulomb’s law experimentally
2. Study the parameters that affect the electric force (distance and
charge).
3. Find experimentally the electric constant k.

Theoretical Background:
Coulomb’s Law: “The magnitude of the electric force that a particle
exerts on another is directly proportional to the product of their charges
and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.”
Mathematically, the magnitude of this electrostatic force FE acting on two
charged particles (q1, q2) is expressed as:

FE = kq1q2/r2

Where r is the separation distance between the charged objects and k is


a constant of proportionality, called the Coulomb constant, k = 9.0 × 109
Nm2/C2.

Part one:
To satisfy the objectives do the following steps.

1. Click on the following link and fix the charge q1 and q2 write their
values in table.1.

https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/coulombs-law/latest/coulombs-law_e
n.html
2. Change the distance between the two charges as shown in the table.
3. Record the force value for each distance.
4. Fill table 1 by finding r2 and 1/r2.

Table.1 : Data of Force between two charges.

q1=5 µ𝐶 q2= -5 µ𝐶
r (cm) r2 (m2) 1/r2 (1/m2) FE (N)
10 .01 100 -22.469N
9 8.1×10^-3 124.45 -27.739N
8 6.4×10^-3 156.25 -35.108N
7 4.9×10^-3 204.08 -45.855N
6 3.6×10^-3 277.77 - 62.414N
5 2.5×10^-3 400 -89.876N
4 1.6×10^-3 625 -140.430N
3 9×10^-4 1.11×10^3 -249.654N

Part two:
To satisfy the objectives do the following steps.
1. Click on the following link and fix the charge q1 and the
distance r, write their values in the table
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/coulombs-law/latest/coul
ombs-law_en.html
2. Control q1 and fix it at 5µc and fix the distance between the
two objects at 6 cm, record them in table 2.
3. Change the charge of object 2 as shown in table.2 and for
each q2 record the electric force between the two objects in
table 2.

Table.2 : Data for electric force for different charges.

q1 = 5 µ𝐶 r = 6 cm

q2 (µ𝐶) FE (N)

10 124.827

9 112.344

8 99.862

7 87.379

6 74.896

5 62.414

4 49.931

3 37.416
Calculations and Analysis:

Part one:
1. Plot a graph relating FE and r. comment on the graph.

Ans:

The graph depicted in the image is a plot of a dataset with


x(r) values on the horizontal axis and y(F) values on the
vertical axis. The points plotted indicate a non-linear
relationship between the variables, showing a sharp decline
followed by a gradual decrease as x increases. This type of
graph could represent an exponential decay or a power-law
relationship,where the rate of change decreases over time.
The F values suggest that as r decreases, the magnitude of
F increases significantly, potentially indicating an inverse
relationship between the two variables. So if the distance r
increase the force between two charges will decrease.
2. Plot one more graph relating FE and 1/r2. Use the graph to
find the electric constant k.

m=(-27.739+22.469)/(123.45-100)= -.224

k=m/q1×q2=(-0.224)/(-5×5×10^-6×10^-6)=8.98× 10^9 Nm2/C2

3. Calculate the percentage error in k (kknown=9.0 × 109 Nm2/C2)

Percentage Error =(|Measured Value-True Value|/True Value)× 100%

=((8.98×109 - 9.0 × 109 )/9.0 × 109)×100%

= -0.22%
Note: upload graph using google form

Part two:
1. Plot a graph relating FE and q2. comments on the graph.

The graph depicted in the second image is a plot of a dataset with x(q2)
values on the horizontal axis and y(F) values on the vertical axis. This
graph displays a linear relationship between the variables. The data
points form a straight line, indicating that y(F) increases consistently as
x(q2) increases. This suggests a direct proportionality between the two
variables, which can be described by a linear equation of the form y =
mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept. So if q2 increases,
the force F will also increase.
2. Use the graph to find the electric constant k.

m=(124.827-87.379)/(10-7)=12.48

k=mr^2/q1=(12.48× (.06)2)/5×10-6=8.98×109 Nm2/C2

3. Calculate the percentage error in k (kknown=9.0 × 109 Nm2/C2)

Percentage Error =(|Measured Value-True Value|/True Value)× 100%

=((8.98×109 - 9.0 × 109 )/9.0 × 109)×100%

= -0.22%

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