Vol 1 API 570
Vol 1 API 570
Vol 1 API 570
COURSE NOTES
VOLUME – 1
CONDUCTED BY
Instructor
Narendra Sadashiv Thatte
PUNE INDIA
18 - 23 SEPTEMBER 2023
API 570 - PIPING INSPECTOR COURSE
PROGRAM SCHEDULE
DAY-1
• Pre-course Test
• Introduction to API 570 certification
• ASME B 31.3 Scope and applicability
• Service/Fluid Classification
• Joint Quality Factors
• Allowable stresses
• Design for Internal Pressure
• Design of permanent blanks
• Impact testing for Low temperature service
• Acceptance of Impact test results
• Welding requirements-Preheat Temperatures
• Post Weld Heat Treatment
• Hardness Testing after PWHT
• Inspection and testing
• Non Destructive Examination Requirements
• Acceptance Criteria
• Leak testing-Hydrostatic
• Leak testing-Pneumatic
• Precautions during Pneumatic test
• Thermal Expansion of Piping-Table C1
• ASME B16.5, Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings Scope
• Pressure Temperature Ratings, Dimensions of Flanges
• System pressure Test
DAY-2.
• Scope of API 570
• Definitions Owner/user inspection organization
• API authorized piping inspector qualification and certification
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• Inspection and testing practices.
• Risk-based inspection
• Preparation for inspection
• Inspection for specific types of corrosion and cracking
• Introduction to Damage mechanisms API 571
• Types of inspection and surveillance
• Thickness measurement locations
• Thickness measurement methods
• Inspection of welds in-service
• Inspection of flanged joints.
DAY-3.
• Frequency and extent of inspection
• Piping service classes
• Inspection intervals
• Extent of visual external and cui inspections
• Inspection data evaluation, analysis, and recording
• Corrosion rate determination
• Case Studies
• Maximum allowable working pressure determination
• Case studies
• Overview of API 574 Inspection of piping, tubing, valves, and fittings
• Repairs, alterations, and rerating of piping systems
• Inspection of buried piping
• Types and methods of inspection
• Frequency and extent of inspection
• Repairs to buried systems
DAY-4.
• ASME boiler and pressure vessel code, Sec. IX
• Review of a WPS and PQR
• Essential and Nonessential Variables
• Determine that the number and type of mechanical tests are correct tests
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• Determine whether the results are acceptable
• ASME Section V, nondestructive examination
• Article 1, general requirements
• Article 2, radiographic examination
• Article 6, liquid penetrant examination
• Article 7, magnetic particle examination (yoke and prod techniques only)
• Article 9, visual examination
• Article 10, leak testing and Mandatory Appendix I Bubble Test –Direct
Pressure Technique
• Article 23, Ultrasonic Standards, Section SE–797 only
• API RP 571, Damage mechanisms in the Refining Industry
3.3 Amine Stress Corrosion Cracking
3.8 Atmospheric Corrosion
3.9 Boiler Water and Stream Condensate Corrosion
3.14 Caustic Corrosion
3.15 Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking
3.17 Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking
3.22 Corrosion Under Insulation
3.27 Erosion/Erosion – Corrosion
3.31 Galvanic Corrosion
3.37 Hydrochloric Acid Corrosion
3.43 Mechanical Fatigue (Including Vibration-induced Fatigue)
3.45 Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion
3.57 Soil Corrosion
3.58 Sour Water Corrosion (Acidic)
3.61 Sulfidation
DAY-5.
• ASME PCC – 2: Repair of Pressure Equipment and Piping
1. Article 201: Butt-Welded Insert Plates in Pressure Components
2. Article 206: Full Encirclement Steel Reinforcing Sleeves for Piping
3. Article 209: Alternatives to Post-weld Heat Treatment
4. Article 210: In-Service Welding on to Carbon Steel Pressure Components or
Pipelines
5. Article 211: Weld Build-up, Weld Overlay, and Clad Restoration
6. Article 212: Fillet Welded Patches
7. Article 304: Flaw Excavation and Weld Repair
8. Article 305: Flange Repair and Conversion
9. Article 306: Mechanical Clamp Repair
10. Article 501: Pressure and Tightness of Piping and Equipment
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11. Article 502: Nondestructive Examination in Lieu of Pressure Testing for
Repairs and Alternations
DAY-6.
Final Examination
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BODY OF KNOWLEDGE
API 570 AUTHORIZED PIPING INSPECTOR
CERTIFICATION EXAM
API Authorized Piping Inspectors must have a broad knowledge base relating to maintenance, inspection, alteration, and
repair of in-service metallic piping systems. The API Authorized Piping Inspector Certification Exam is designed to
determine if applicants have such knowledge.
Questions may be taken from anywhere within each document in this BOK, unless specifically excluded herein.
If specific sections of a document are listed as excluded– all other sections within that document are included.
In some cases, specific paragraphs, or sections, such as the example shown below, are included as an aid to the candidate.
This is not intended to exclude other paragraphs.
For example: In the “Corrosion Rate and Inspection Intervals” section of this BOK (Section A, Sub-section 1), it
states:
The Inspector must be able to calculate:
a) Corrosion Rates (API 570, 7.1.2).
This means that the corrosion rate calculation will be found in 7.1.2 It does not mean that other paragraphs in that
section are excluded.
The exam consists of two parts. The closed-book part tests the candidate on knowledge and tasks requiring everyday working
knowledge of API Standard 570 and the applicable reference documents. The open-book portion of the exam requires the use
of more detailed information that the inspector is expected to be able to find in the documents but would not normally be
committed to memory. During the exam, applicants will be expected to choose the best answer from the options provided.
REFERENCE PUBLICATIONS:
A. API Publications:
API 570, Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Rerating of In-Service Piping Systems
API Recommended Practice 571, Damage mechanisms Affecting Fixed equipment in the Refining Industry
API Recommended Practice 574, Inspection Practices for Piping System Components
API Recommended Practice 576, Inspection of Pressure-Relieving Devices
API Recommended Practice 577, Welding Inspection and Metallurgy
API Recommended Practice 578, Guidelines for a Material Verification Program (MVP) for New and Existing Assets
B. ASME Publications:
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:
Section V, Nondestructive Examination
Section IX, Qualification Standard for Welding, Brazing and Fusion Procedures; Welders; Brazers; and
Welding, Brazing and Fusing Operators
7/2022
Note: Refer to the Publications Effectivity Sheet on the ICP Website (www.api.org/ICP) for a list of specific editions,
addenda, and supplements of the reference publications that are effective for your exam date.
A. Code calculation questions will be oriented toward existing in-service piping, not new piping. API Authorized Piping
Inspectors should be able to check and perform calculations relative to in-service deterioration, repairs, rerates, or
alterations, such as those included in the following eight categories.
Note: Candidates are expected to understand the US customary units (inches, feet, PSI, etc.) and the SI units (metric
system) and to use both system formulas.
The Inspector should be able to understand inspection data and determine the thickness measurement and visual external
inspection intervals.
The formulas for performing the above calculations and rules for setting the inspection intervals may be "closed-book”
during the exam.
The inspector should be able to determine the weld joint quality factor “Ej” of a longitudinal pipe weld joint. The inspector
should be able to determine:
a) Casting Quality factor, Ec from ASME B31.3, 302.3.3(b) and Table A-1A
b) Weld Joint Quality factors from ASME B31.3, 302.3.4 and Table A-1B;
c) Increased Joint Quality Factors by performing supplemental NDE from ASME B31.3, Table 302.3.4;
Determining weld joint quality factor may be part of an internal pressure problem since the joint factor Ej is used in the
formulas for determining required thickness or internal design pressure.
a) The minimum required thickness or pressure design thickness of a straight pipe section for internal pressure only
(ASME B31.3, 304.1.1 and 304.1.2);
b) The minimum required thickness of a permanent blank for a given design pressure (ASME B31.3, 304.5.3);
c) The "MAWP" of corroded pipe, compensating for expected corrosion loss at the next inspection (API 570, 7.5)
The inspector should also be able to compensate for the corrosion allowance. (Add or subtract based on requirements
from the exam problem).
4. PRESSURE TESTING
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570_BOK_Feb 2023
a) Demonstrate knowledge concerning hydrostatic leak testing (ASME B31.3, 345.4)
b) Demonstrate knowledge concerning pneumatic leak testing (ASME B31.3, 345.5)
c) Calculate a hydrostatic or pneumatic leak test pressure (ASME B31.3, 345.4 and 345.5)
5. IMPACT TESTING
a) Determine the minimum metal temperature of a material, which is exempt from impact testing (ASME B31.3,
323.2.2, Figure 323.2.2A and Table A-1).
b) Determine the minimum required Charpy V-notch impact values of a given material. (ASME B31.3, 323.3 and
Table 323.3.5)
The inspector should be able to determine which weld sizes require preheating and/or heat treatment. The inspector also
should be able to determine what is the required or recommended preheat temperature (ASME B31.3, 330 and Table
330.1.1).
7. THERMAL EXPANSION
The inspector should be able to determine the total thermal expansion of a material between temperatures (ASME B31.3,
Appendix C, Table C-1).
The inspector should be able to determine the minimum wall thickness and working pressure requirements for flanges.
a) Determine the working pressure and minimum/maximum system hydrostatic test pressure for a flange of specified
material and temperature (ASME B16.5, Section 2 and Table 1.1-1 and Tables 2-1.1 through 2-3.19 and Tables 2-
1.1C through 2-3.19C).
b) Determine the minimum dimensions of a given flange (ASME B16.5, Tables 7 through 22 and Tables 7C through
22C).
c) Determine maximum working pressure of a flange when given the design temperature, flange material and flange
class.
d) Determine maximum temperature of a flange when given the design pressure, flange material and flange class.
e) Determine most cost-effective flange when given the design pressure, design temperature, and flange material.
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570_BOK_Feb 2023
B. The following are the ASME B31.3 code engineering requirements that are excluded from the examination and
that the API Authorized Piping Inspectors will NOT be expected to know for the purposes of certification testing.
1. 302- Design criteria – (All except for 302.3.3 Casting Quality Factor, Ec, and 302.3.4, Weld Joint Quality Factor, Ej)
2. 304.1.3- Straight Pipe Under External Pressure
3. 304.2- Curved and Mitered Segments of Pipe
4. 304.3- Branch Connections
5. 304.4- Closures
6. 304.5- Pressure Design of Flanges and Blanks (All except 304.5.3, Blanks)
7. 304.6- Reducers
8. 304.7- Pressure Design of Other Components
9. 315- Tubing Joints
10. 316- Caulked Joints
11. 317- Soldered and Brazed Joints
12. 318- Special Joints
13. 319.4- Flexibility Analysis
14. 319.5- Reactions
15. 319.6- Calculation of Movements
16. 319.7- Means of Increasing Flexibility
17. 322.3- Instrument Piping
18. Chap.VII- Nonmetallic Piping and Piping Lined With Nonmetals
19. Chap.VIII- Piping for Category M Fluid Service
20. Chap.IX- High Pressure Piping
21. App.B- Stress Tables and Allowable Pressure Tables for Nonmetals
22. App.D- Flexibility and Stress Intensification Factors
23. App.E- Reference Standards
24. App.G- Safeguarding
25. App.H- Sample Calculations for Branch Reinforcement
26. App.J- Nomenclature
27. App.K- Allowable Stresses for High Pressure Piping
28. App R - Use of Alternative Ultrasonic Acceptance Criteria
29. App.X- Metallic Bellows Expansion Joints
30. App.Z- Preparation of Technical Inquiries
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570_BOK_Feb 2023
II. WELDING PROCEDURE AND QUALIFICATION EVALUATION
The inspector should have the knowledge and skills required to review a Procedure Qualification Record, Welding Procedure
Specification and Welder Performance Qualification to determine the following:
1. Determine if procedure and qualification records are in compliance with applicable ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Code and any additional requirements of API 570. The weld procedure review will include:
• Weld Procedure Specification (WPS)
• Procedure Qualification Record (PQR)
• Welder Performance Qualification (WPQ)
2. Determine if all required essential and non-essential variables have been properly addressed. (Supplemental essential
variables will not be a part of the WPS/PQR)
3. Determine that the number and type of mechanical tests that are listed on PQR are the proper tests, and whether the
results are acceptable.
4. Determine that the welder is qualified to make a production weld according to the WPS
WELD PROCEDURE REVIEW MAY INCLUDE SMAW, GTAW, GMAW, OR SAW, WITH THE FOLLOWING
LIMITATIONS:
1. No more than one process will be included on a single WPS, PQR or WPQ and the WPS to be reviewed will be
supported by a single PQR.
2. Filler metals will be limited to one-per-process for SMAW, GTAW, GMAW, or SAW
3. The PQR will be the supporting PQR for the WPS.
4. The WPQ test coupon is to be welded in accordance with a qualified WPS.
5. Base metals will be limited to P-No. 1, P-No. 3, P-No. 4, P-No. 5, and P-No. 8.
6. Dissimilar base metal joints, and dissimilar thicknesses of base metals will be excluded.
7. Special weld processes such as corrosion-resistant weld metal overlay, hard-facing overlay, and dissimilar metal welds
with buttering of ferritic member will be excluded.
8. For P-No. 1, P-No. 3, P-No. 4, and P-No. 5, for the purpose of the exam the lower transition temperature will be 1330°F
and the upper transformation temperature will be 1600°F.
B. ASME B31.3
The inspector should be familiar with and understand the general rules for welding in ASME B31.3, Chapter V such as:
C. API 570
The inspector should be familiar with and understand any rules for welding in API 570. Any rules for welding given in API-
570 shall take precedence over those covering the same areas in ASME, B31.3.
Note: "Editorial" and non-technical requirements for the welding subject matter, the candidate is to be tested on, are
excluded. This includes items such as the revision level of the WPS, company name, WPS number and date, and name of
testing lab. However, the API Authorized Piping Inspector should know that the PQR and WPQ must be signed and dated.
D. The inspector shall be familiar with all the requirements of and information in API RP 577.
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III. NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION
Note: The exam will cover only the main body of each referenced Article, except as noted.
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5. Article 9, Visual Examination:
The inspector should be familiar with and understand the general rules for applying and using the visual examination
method including, but not limited to the following:
6. Article 10, Leak Testing (Including Mandatory Appendix I Bubble Test –Direct Pressure Technique):
The inspector should be familiar with and understand the general rules for applying and using the leak testing method
including, but not limited to the following:
7. Article 23, Ultrasonic Standards, Section SE–797 only – Standard practice for measuring thickness by manual ultrasonic
pulse-echo contact method:
The inspector should be familiar with and understand;
ASME B31.3: The inspector should be familiar with and understand the general rules for NDE (Chapter VI).
API 570: The inspector should be familiar with and understand the general rules for NDE in API 570.
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IV. PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE - GENERAL
More information relative to each of the categories is contained in section "V. PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE - SPECIFIC"
where each reference publication applicable for study for the exam has been listed with relevant topics that may be covered
on the exam.
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570_BOK_Feb 2023
V. PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE - SPECIFIC
• API 570, Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Rerating of In-Service Piping Systems – Entire document is subject to
testing
• API RP 571, Damage Mechanisms Affecting Fixed Equipment in the Refining Industry
ATTN: Exam questions will be based on the following portions of the document only:
Section 2 Definitions
Par. 3.3 Amine Stress Corrosion Cracking
3.8 Atmospheric Corrosion
3.9 Boiler Water and Stream Condensate Corrosion
3.14 Caustic Corrosion
3.15 Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking
3.17 Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking
3.22 Corrosion Under Insulation
3.27 Erosion/Erosion – Corrosion
3.31 Galvanic Corrosion
3.37 Hydrochloric Acid Corrosion
3.43 Mechanical Fatigue (Including Vibration-induced Fatigue)
3.45 Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion
3.57 Soil Corrosion
3.58 Sour Water Corrosion (Acidic)
3.61 Sulfidation
• API RP 574, Inspection of Piping, Tubing, Valves, and Fittings – Entire document is subject to testing
• API RP 577, Welding Inspection and Metallurgy – Entire document is subject to testing
• API RP 578, Material Verification program for New and Existing Alloy piping Systems- Entire document is subject
to testing
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570_BOK_Feb 2023
Article 209: Alternatives to Postweld Heat Treatment
Article 210: In-Service Welding on to Carbon Steel Pressure Components or Pipelines
Article 211: Weld Buildup, Weld Overlay, and Clad Restoration
Article 212: Fillet Welded Patches
Article 304: Flaw Excavation and Weld Repair
Article 305: Flange Repair and Conversion
Article 306: Mechanical Clamp Repair
Article 501: Pressure and Tightness of Piping and Equipment
Article 502: Nondestructive Examination in Lieu of Pressure Testing for Repairs and
Alternations
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570_BOK_Feb 2023
API 570 Exam Publications Effectivity Sheet
FOR: 2023
Listed below are the effective editions of the publications required for this exam for the date(s) shown above.
Please be advised that API and ASME documents and publications are copyrighted materials.
Reproducing these documents without API permission is illegal.
API Standard 570, Piping Inspection Code: Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Rerating of In-Service Piping
Systems, 4th Edition, February 2016 with Addendum 1 (May 2017), Addendum 2 (March 2018) and Errata 1
(April 2018)
API Recommended Practice 571, Damage Mechanisms Affecting Fixed Equipment in the Refining Industry,
3rd Edition, March 2020
ATTENTION: Only the following sections / mechanisms from RP 571 are included on the exam:
Section 2 Terms and Definitions
Par. 3.3 Amine Stress Corrosion Cracking
3.8 Atmospheric Corrosion
3.9 Boiler Water and Stream Condensate Corrosion
3.14 Caustic Corrosion
3.15 Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking
3.17 Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking
3.22 Corrosion Under Insulation
3.27 Erosion/Erosion – Corrosion
3.31 Galvanic Corrosion
3.37 Hydrochloric Acid Corrosion
3.43 Mechanical Fatigue (Including Vibration-induced Fatigue)
3.45 Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion
3.57 Soil Corrosion
3.58 Sour Water Corrosion (Acidic)
3.61 Sulfidation
API Recommended Practice 574, Inspection Practices for Piping System Components, 4th edition, November
2016.
API Recommended Practice 576, Inspection of Pressure-Relieving Devices, 4th Edition, April 2017.
Sections 5, 6.1-6.3, 8 and 10.1-10.3
API Recommended Practice 577, Welding Inspection and Metallurgy, 3rd Edition, October 2020
API Recommended Practice 578, Material Verification Program for New and Existing Alloy Piping Systems, 3rd
Edition, February 2018.
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, 2021 Edition
I. Section V, Nondestructive Examination, Articles 1, 2, 6, 7, 9, 10, and 23 (Section SE-797 only).
II. Section IX, Qualification Standard for Welding, Brazing and Fusion Procedures; Welders; Brazers; and
Welding, Brazing and Fusing Operators, (Welding only)
570_EffSheet 2023_
ATTENTION
Beginning with the December 5, 2012 exam administration API will make two minor changes to
the API 510, 570 and 653 examination processes. API believes that these changes will help to
maintain the value of our credentials by improving the exam experience for all candidates and
keeping exam content current, relevant and free of errors.
FAQ
The most important thing that will stay the same is that the exams will still yield accurate, fair
results for all candidates. The test will still have 150 total questions to be answered. Using pre-
test items on an exam in no way impacts scoring or test taker performance, since test takers are
unable to identify which questions are scored and which are not. Test takers shouldn't notice
any difference at all. The minimum passing score will be calculated based on the 125 scored
items. Each scored item will continue to be worth 1 point each.
Pre-test questions are usually newly-written or recently revised questions. These questions
need to be vetted by the candidates before being approved.
Using pre-test items is a standard practice in the certification industry. It helps determine
whether the new questions are valid, reliable and fair to be used for scoring on future exams.
Candidates will continue to be able to challenge every item on the test. When reviewing the
challenges we receive on pre-test questions, we will easily find out whether those questions are
misleading, unfair, or not written well. We will then be able to improve these questions before
they appear on any exams again.
In the long run, pre-testing will allow us to improve the overall quality of the exam questions and
reduce the number of challenges received after each exam administration.
Absolutely not. Exams will be scored in terms of number of correct responses. The passing
score will be based on a minimum number based on 125 items. The use of pre-test items does
not impact the overall exam difficulty or question difficulty in any way.
How will the passing score be comparable to the score required on the 150 item test?
API makes every effort to select questions that are equal in difficulty for every new examination
we develop. However, sometimes there are slight variations in difficulty levels from one exam to
the next. API will continue to use the “equating” method to establish comparable scores on the
examinations. The equating process essentially adjusts the passing point of each examination
to compensate for differences in the difficulty level of the two exams. Thus, the passing point
always represents the minimum knowledge required and the absolute knowledge standard is
held constant. The test results of candidates only reflect whether they have this minimum
amount of knowledge or not. The equating process will take into account that there are only 125
test questions to score and establish an accordingly reduced passing grade for all exams.
Are exams marked on a curve?
No. Marking on a “curve” means comparing the scores of one candidate to all the other
candidates who took the examination and assigning grades or passing status according to a
fixed percentage. The implication is that whether an individual passes the examination or not
might depend on the ability level (or preparation) of all the other candidates who took the
examination. This would not be fair for a credentialing examination.
1. Check the minimum qualification requirements for your chosen certification program to
determine your eligibility for certification.
2. Review API's testing and certification policies, exam calendar and deadlines.
3. Determine the most convenient examination window for your chosen program.
4. Activate your account or register a new one at our application portal:
https://inspector.api.org
5. Be prepared to upload necessary information – such as copies of your diplomas, proof of
payment (copy of your check or wire payment). You will also need to provide business e-
mail addresses for supervisors who will confirm your experience and employment (two
contacts per company).
6. Follow the instructions on the portal to submit your application.
7. If paying my check or wire, make sure you mail the payment to API by the deadline
indicated. In order to identify your payment, please include your name and ICP order
number, or a copy of the invoice.
8. Download the Body of Knowledge for your chosen program.
9. Obtain necessary technical documents and publications. Document titles and relevant
edition numbers can be found on the Publications Effectivity Sheet published for each
program (http://www.api.org/certification-programs/individual-certification-program-
icp/specific-info). Instructions for ordering publications are on the effectivity sheets.
10. Prepare for the examination. Training programs are optional and are not provided by
API.
11. Once you receive the exam authorization letter from API, you must log on to the
Prometric website ( www.prometric.com/apiexams) and register yourself at a location
and exam date of your choice. NOTE: It is mandatory that you schedule your exam date
and location. API staff will not be able to schedule you.
12. Once you register, Prometric’s website will issue you an exam confirmation notice which
you could print and bring to the exam.
13. Take the examination on the scheduled date and time.
14. Examination scores and results are sent to each applicant via e-mail approximately 8
weeks after the examination. API will issue a certification number and forward an actual
certificate and wallet card to each successful candidate who has provided all necessary
paperwork and has passed the examination.
StepbyStep 10/2013
Welcome to the computer-based exam tutorial for the API 510, 570 and 653 exams.
* These items will be identified by a line that states “This may have more than one correct answer, please select all
answers that apply.”
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Items 1-4, the arrows are used to pan within a zoomed image.
Items 5 & 6, Use the +/- magnifying glass to zoom in or out.
Item 7, Use the refresh (circular arrows) button to return the image back to its original zoom.
Item 8, Use the four-way arrow button to return the image back to its original zoom.
The exhibit window can be moved and adjusted (minimized, maximized, resized) much like you would any other window
on a computer screen.
* On the image on the next page, the bookmark icon is circled in red.
* To remove the PDF dropdown menu from view, click on the library button a second time.
Drag and Drop:
Applicants will be presented with a list of options and must select all that answer the question by placing them in the provided
answer box.
The applicant may remove a selection from the box by clicking and holding the option and dragging it out of the box.
Applicants will answer the question correctly only if they place all correct options in the provided box. If any option placed in the box
is incorrect, the question is wrong. No partial credit is given.
Ordered Response:
Applicants will be asked to identify the correct order of a process. Several options will be listed under the question and applicants
must arrange them, by clicking and dragging, in the correct step order in the boxes provided below the question. All options will be
used in the answer and no options will be used twice.
To answer the question correctly, an applicant must place all options in the right order. If any option is out of order, then the
question is incorrect. No partial credit is given.
Extended Matching
Applicants will be presented with two columns and be asked to match options on the left with options on the right. To
match the options, click on option box on the left or the right and then click on the corresponding answer in the
opposite column. When a match is made a black line will appear between the matches.
If you wish to un-match two boxes, place the curser over the line, which will turn red, and a scissor symbol will appear.
Click the symbol to remove the line.
Extended matching questions will be correct if the options in the left and right columns are correctly matched. No partial
credit will be given.
* For each exam section, closed book and open book, if “Finish Section” is clicked before time is up, warnings will be
displayed to ensure that the candidate confirms that they wish to leave the section. Two warnings pop-ups will be
issued, and candidates must answer “Yes, I would like to finish this section” and “finish section.”
Question Screen:
GUIDELINES FOR ACHEVING SUCCESS IN API 570 EXAMINATION
INTRODUCTION
API Individual Certification Programs are designed to promote self-regulation,
health and safety, improved inspection capabilities, and improved management
control and environmental performance. Certified inspectors are recognized as
working professionals who are fully knowledgeable of industry inspection codes,
and who are performing their jobs in accordance with those requirements.
57 | 2 2 9
The Examination
In order to take API 570 examination, you must possess one of the following
combinations of education and experience
Refer to site
• http://www.api.org/products-and-services/individual-
certification-programs/certifications
• The API 570 exam day is 8.5 hours long, and includes a short tutorial
session, 3 hours for the closed-book portion, a 1-hour lunch break, and 4
hours for the open-book section.
• There are 150 questions on the API 570 exam, of which only 125 are
scored. The remaining 25 are pretest questions.
• A few of the multiple-choice questions will require you to perform a
calculation. You will need to perform the calculation and then pick the
correct answer.
• Each question is multiple choice questions with given 4 possible choices.
Only one is the correct choice.
• Papers and books are not allowed in Prometric computer testing centers.
PDF documents of pertinent codes and standards will be available on
58 | 2 2 9
your computer during the open book portion of the exam, and will be
presented in English.
The test is divided into two sections, a closed-book section and an open-book
section. The closed-book examination includes such questions which the
inspector is normally expected to know without referring the Codes, i.e., the
questions are “awareness level” questions. Whenever you find a very definitive
or quantitative statement in body of the Code, a closed book question may be
expected on it. Thus, the basic requirements of a code, specific “DO” and
“DON’T” statements, important quantified statements, important definitions and
well-known inspection principles will constitute such questions.
WEIGHTAGE OF MARKS
You have only a limited amount of time to study, so you need to invest your time
where you can get the MAXIMUM return! Approximately 50% of the test
questions are directly from API 570. So, that's your priority! For every hour spent
studying the other publications, spend 2 hours studying API 570.
There will be about 75 test questions directly from API 570. This document is
about 40 pages, that averages almost 2 questions per page. The remaining 65
questions will come from the 600+ pages contained in the other documents.
That's only 1 question for every 10 pages.
59 | 2 2 9
Following distribution scheme will help the participant to decide how much time
he should spend for each document during preparation.
Note: The weightage indicated is approximate and for guidance only.
A . API Publications:
API 570, Piping Inspection Code…………………………………45- 47%
API RP 571, Damage Mechanisms……………………………… 3-4%
API RP 574, Recommended practice. Inspection of Piping….… 3-4%
API RP 578, Material verification Program………………..…….. 3-4%
API RP 577, Welding Inspection and Metallurgy………………. 3- 4%
API RP 576, Inspection of Pressure-Relieving Devices, ………. 3-4%
B. ASME Publications:
Section V, Nondestructive Examination……………………………3-4 %
ASME B 31.3 Process piping code……………….………………….20-22%
ASME B 16.5 Flanges and flanged fittings………………………….2-3%
Section IX, Welding and Brazing Qualifications….………………..5-6%
ASME PCC 2 ………………………………………………………….. 3-4%
60 | 2 2 9
API 570- PIPING INSPECTOR PREPARATORY COURSE
(VOLUME- I)
Part- 2
61 | 2 2 9
API 570 - PIPING INSPECTOR COURSE
CODE CALCULATIONS
(Thickness Determination)
Exercise-1.
Determine the Pressure design thickness and minimum required thickness for a piping with the
following design conditions:
62 | 2 2 9
CODE CALCULATIONS
(Thickness Determination)
Exercise-1. (SOLUTION)
/
1. Pressure Design thickness, t = PD 2 (SEW + PY)
= 0.111 inch
Thus, Pressure Design thickness = 0.111 inch
= 2.88 mm
63 | 2 2 9
CODE CALCULATIONS
(Thickness Determination)
Exercise-2.
Determine the Pressure design thickness and minimum required thickness for a piping with the
following design conditions:
64 | 2 2 9
CODE CALCULATIONS
(Thickness Determination)
Exercise-2. (SOLUTION)
/
1. Pressure Design thickness, t = PD 2 (SEW + PY)
= 0.273 inch
Thus, Pressure Design thickness = 0.273 inch
65 | 2 2 9
CODE CALCULATIONS
(Thickness of Permanent Blank)
Exercise-3.
66 | 2 2 9
CODE CALCULATIONS
(Thickness Determination)
Exercise-3. (SOLUTION)
3P
Tm = dg +C
16SEW
67 | 2 2 9
CODE CALCULATIONS
(Impact testing requirements)
Exercise-4.
Q.1 A Piping system is to be constructed using 12.7mm (0.50 inch) thick pipes. Pipe
specification is A 106 Grade A (de-oxidised). Design minimum temperature is 0
deg.C (32OF). Will you require impact testing as per ASME B 31.3?
Q.4 If all conditions in Q. 1 above are same except that we now use 30 mm (1.18
inches) thick pipe . Will you specify impact test?
Q.5 Impact testing was conducted on A 106 Grade A pipes. Using 3 specimen.
Test impact values reported were:
Specimen 1 : 16 ft lb (21.7 J)
Specimen 2 : 15 ft 1b (20.3 J)
Specimen 3 : 11 ft 1b (14.9 J)
Is impact test acceptable?
68 | 2 2 9
CODE CALCULATIONS
(Impact testing requirements)
Exercise-4. (SOLUTION)
1) In this example Curve B will apply. Referring to Fig 323.2.2A , the point is
clearly above the curve, hence Impact Testing is not required.
2) Now the point lies clearly below the curve. Impact testing is required.
3) Now the point lies very close to the curve. Decision whether point is
above or below is difficult. Go to table 323.2.2A. We see that point is very close on
the curve. Impact testing is NOT required.
69 | 2 2 9
CODE CALCULATIONS
(Pressure testing requirements)
Exercise-5.
CODE CALCULATIONS
70 | 2 2 9
(Pressure testing requirements)
Exercise-5.(SOLUTION)
4) First stage pressure for Pneumatic is smaller of 50% of test pr. or 25 psi
= Smaller of 165/2 (1137/2) or 25 psig (170 KPa(g))
= 25 psi. (170 KPa(g)
71 | 2 2 9
CODE CALCULATIONS
(Pre-heating temperatures)
Exercise-6.
Q.1 All pipes A 106 Gr B pipes ,NPS 10, Sch 80, % of Carbon = 0.28
Q. 2. A 106 Gr C pipes, NPS 12, Sch 80 pipe welded to NPS 12 Sch 160 pipe, % of
Carbon = 0.34
Q.4 A 335 Grade P12 pipes NPS 10, Sch 80 pipes welded to A 335 Grade P5
pipes NPS 10, Sch 80 strength is 60 KSI
72 | 2 2 9
CODE CALCULATIONS
(Pre-heating temperatures)
Exercise-6.( SOLUTION)
1) Solution to Q.1
• For A106 Gr. B pipes P no. is 1
• Tensile strength is 60000 psi (414 MPa), % of carbon = 0.28
• Thickness for NPS 10 sch 80 is 0.594 inch (15.09 mm)
• From table 330.1.1 Preheat temp. = 50 OF (10 OC)
2) Solution to Q.2
• Thickness of NPS 12 sch 160 is 1.312 in (33.32 mm). And Preheat temp. =
200 OF (93 OC)
• Preheat at Higher preheat temperature = 200 OF (93 OC)
4) For A 335 Gr.12 pipes P no. is 4. and For A 335 Gr.P5, the P no. is 5B
Thickness : 0.594 inches (15.09 mm)
For P no.4, Preheat temp= 250 OF (121 OC)
For P no.5B, Preheat temp= 300 OF (149 OC)
Use higher Preheat temp. = 300 OF (149 OC)
73 | 2 2 9
CODE CALCULATIONS
(PWHT Requirements)
Exercise-7.
Find out whether PWHT is required in following cases and if required, provide
requirement.
Q.1 All pipes A 106 Gr B, NPS 10, Sch 80, multilayer welding is carried out
(preheat of 250OF (121 OC) is applied and multilayer welding is carried out, %
of Carbon = 0.15)
(preheat of 300OF (149 OC) is applied and multilayer welding is carried out, %
of Carbon = 0.15)
74 | 2 2 9
CODE CALCULATIONS
(PWHT Requirements)
Exercise-7.(SOLUTION)
1) Solution to Q.1
2) Solution to Q.2
3) Solution to Q.3
75 | 2 2 9
CODE CALCULATIONS
(Thermal Expansion of Pipes)
Exercise-8.
1. Estimate the total length after heating if a 200 feet (61 meters) long, A 106 Gr.B pipe was
heated from 70OF (20 OC) to 800 OF (427 OC)
2. Estimate the contraction in A312 TP 304 pipe 200 feet (61 meters) if it was cooled from
atmospheric temperature 70OF (20 OC) to a low temperature -325OF (198 OC)
3. What will be the total length after heating if a 280 feet (85 meters) long pipe was heated
from 70OF to 900OF. Out of 280 feet (85 meters) length, 150 feet (45 meters) was Carbon
Steel and 130 feet (40 meters) was Austenitic Stainless steel (18Cr-8Ni)
76 | 2 2 9
CODE CALCULATIONS
(Thermal Expansion of Pipes)
Exercise-8.( SOLUTION)
77 | 2 2 9
CODE CALCULATIONS
(Numerical Examples in API 570 Code)
Exercise-9.
(A) Following information is available from Pipe data sheet & inspection
records for a class1 Piping in service. The service in unchanged from 2002
& will continue.
Calculate following :
1. Long term corrosion rate
2. Short term corrosion rate
3. What corrosion rate is to be considered of for Remaining life calculation?
4. Calculate Remaining Life.
5. What are next maximum Thickness measurement & External inspection
intervals?
(B) A fillet patch is to be installed on a Pipe with ID = 16 inch & minimum required
thickness for the patch to be welded is ½”. What should be minimum toe to toe
distance from a similarly welded existing patch?
78 | 2 2 9
(C) Estimate the maximum permitted Thickness measurement & External inspection
intervals for following 5 Piping systems . No RBI is performed.
(D) A Class 1 Piping was inspected for thickness measurement. Actual thickness
was found to be 0.86 inch (21.9 mm). Next thickness inspection interval is 5
years. Corrosion rate = 10 mpy (0.25 mm/yr). What value of thickness should
be used in MAWP calculation?
79 | 2 2 9
CODE CALCULATIONS
(Numerical Examples in API 570 Code)
Exercise-9 (SOLUTION).
(Solution for A)
t initial = 1.2 inch (May 1992)
t previous = 1.05 inch (May 2002)
t actual = 0.9 inch (May 2007)
t required = 0.60 inch
1) Corrosion rate (L.T.) = t initial – t actual
No. of years between t initial & t actual
3) S.T. rate reflects current process used S.T. Corrosion rate [30 mpy (0.76
mm/yr)] for remaining life calculation.
= 10 years
80 | 2 2 9
(5) Next Thickness inspection = Lower of (1/2 x 10) or 5 years
= 5 years
External inspection = 5 years
d = 4√ 4 = 8 inches.
(Solution C ) 1. For Class 1 piping:
Max. Thickness measurement Interval = Lower of ½ (R.L) or 5 years
= Lower of ½ x 14 or 5 years
= 5 years.
External = years.
Similarly for other Piping calculation can be done
81 | 2 2 9
API 570- INSERVICE PIPING INSPECTOR
PREPARATORY COURSE
82 | 2 2 9
Case Studies on ASME PCC-2
CASE STUDY 1-(Question)
A certain pressure vessel had undergone severe non-uniform corrosion of its wall
thickness in several of its parts. After extensive thickness gauging and after
applying concepts of inspection as per API 510 followed by FFS analysis of
critically bad areas, it has been found that two areas which are far apart from
each other cannot continue to provide service and remediation measures are
called for. The vessel has an internal diameter of 2000 mm and internal as well
as external access is available for welding and radiography. The two areas,
labeled A and B are 300 mm x 500 mm and 1200 mm x 850 mm in size
approximately. Required thickness is 15 mm while nominal thickness used for
vessel construction was 20 mm. Corrosion allowance originally provided was 4
mm. The areas A and B have localized corrosion and level I FFS assessment
had found these to be unfit for service. Many thickness readings in area A show
that thickness is as low as 7 mm. There is no evidence of any cracking. MOC is
carbon steel [SA 516 grade 60]. Vessel does not operate in creep range. Tensile
tests carried out report that tensile strength is 65000 psi.
a) If Butt welded insert plates or external weld overlay are possible repair
methods which remedial measures or methods of repairing are possible
and which do you recommend?
b) If external weld overlay is to be used for area A, then what should be the
area of overlaid welding and to what thickness the overlay be built up?
a). Butt welded insert plates, external weld overlay are possible repair methods
that can be used. Both of these can theoretically be used for area A as well as
area B. Of these, external weld overlay will a better choice for area A because of
smaller area over which welding has to be deposited. Butt welded insert plate will
be more convenient for area B.
84 | 2 2 9
d) Weld overlay design has to be qualified by a ‘pre-qualified design’, ‘engineered
design’, or, a ‘burst test’. Here prequalified design is ruled out because size of
overlay exceeds 200 mm. So either engineered design qualification or a burst
test qualification has to be performed.
85 | 2 2 9
Case Studies on ASME PCC-2
CASE STUDY 2-(Question)
If area B is question no. 1 has size 1200 x 850 to be repaired by an insert plate,
what shall be thickness and size of this insert plate? What should be the groove
design from point of view of minimizing heat input? What spacing is required
between adjacent butt welds and the peripheral welds of the insert plate.
86 | 2 2 9
Case Studies on ASME PCC-2
CASE STUDY 2-(Answer)
Size of insert plate should extend about 50 mm beyond corroded area, taking
care to see that weld is always in sound base metal. Minimum size requirement
given in standard is not applicable here as the corroded area is larger than this
size. Provide minimum 75mm rounded corners.
Insert plate thickness should be minimum 20 mm. i.e., minimum equal to nominal
thickness of base metal.
Since both side access is available for welding and RT, preferable a double V
groove with a small included angle should be used. If this type of edge
preparation is not possible, then a single V groove with a small included angle of
50 or 60 degrees should be used using root pass with TIG to ensure full
penetration weld.
The spacing between adjacent butt welds shall be at least 250 mm. If less make
the size of insert plate larger so as to extend up to adjacent butt weld and make
the insert plate in ‘doghouse’ shape or extend the insert plate further away by
250mm
The spacing between adjacent butt welds 160 mm, provided both butt welds are
ground smooth, 100% RT or UT examined and 100% MT or PT examined after
completion of welding in areas where the spacing between the adjacent butt
welds is less than 250mm .
As an alternative, the root pass and the weld, after half of the groove is filled,
may be either 100% MT or PT examined in place of the 100% RT or UT
examination requirement.
87 | 2 2 9
Case Studies on ASME PCC-2
CASE STUDY 3-(Question)
A portion of NPS 4 sch 40, A 106 Gr B process pipe is thinned out due to
selective erosion over a length of 300mm and is likely to puncture prior to next
scheduled shutdown. It is proposed to use a welded box for the repair. Original
code of construction is ASME B 31.3 . Construction drawings specified spot
radiography. No cracks were detected in affected area. There is no service
related PWHT. Prepare a repair proposal for welded box repair as per guidelines
of ASME PCC-2.
88 | 2 2 9
Case Studies on ASME PCC-2
CASE STUDY 3-(Answer)
1. As per original design Sch 40 thickness was OK. Hence Sch 40 thickness
for welded box will be OK.
2. Use spot radiography (E=0.9) as per original code of construction.
3. As pipe is not leaking vents and drains are not required.
89 | 2 2 9
D) Examination
90 | 2 2 9
Case Studies on ASME PCC-2
CASE STUDY 4 -(Question)
Certain vessel shell needs to be repaired by fillet welded patch plates. Metal loss
area is about 10” dia circular shape and may grow by 1” width along the
perimeter radially outwards. Present thickness loss = 0.3”. Allowable stress for
MOC is 15,000 psi. Vessel diameter at mid-wall is 40 in. Design pressure is 300
psi. Design temp=500 deg F, E=1. Present uncorroded shell thickness 0.9”, FCA
= 0.05 “. There are no loads other than loads due to process pressure. Give
essential details like size and thickness of patch plate, perimeter fillet weld size,
clear spacing from nearby fillet welds and NDT if any, for this repair. Credit can
be taken for remaining shell thickness.
91 | 2 2 9
Case Studies on ASME PCC-2
CASE STUDY 4 -(Answer)
92 | 2 2 9
Case Studies on ASME PCC-2
CASE STUDY 5 -(Question)
A pipe line of cold formed and fabricated from SA 516 grade 60 steel has
severely corroded in some areas and leaks have also developed. Pipe OD is 300
mm. Required thickness was 7 mm, original corrosion allowance provided was 2
mm, and nominal thickness was 10 mm. Weld joint efficiency considered during
manufacturing was 1.0. There are 3 such locations. Cyclic service is not a
consideration here. Operating pressure = 200 psi.
Full encirclement sleeves are to be used for repairs.
[b] What should be thickness and width of sleeve? Assume that UT may not be
possible.
93 | 2 2 9
Case Studies on ASME PCC-2
[a] Type B sleeve should be used since leaks have already developed and
strength also has to be provided to the base metal.
[b] Since UT may not be possible, a joint efficiency factor of 0.8 has to be used.
Original construction had this factor of 1 and nominal thickness of 10 mm. So the
sleeve thickness should be 10/0.8 = 12.5 mm. minimum. The sleeve width should
be equal to width of corroded area + 100 mm [ 50 mm or either side]. A tight
fitting sleeve as far as possible, with a gap of maximum 2 mm between pipe OD
and sleeve ID should be used.
[c]Backing strip with a relief groove should be used for longitudinal joint to ensure
full penetration without danger of a burn through. An appropriate filler material
must however be introduced in the filler groove. A bulge in the sleeve to
accommodate existing circumferential weld reinforcement shall be prepared for
the two areas mentioned in question.
[d] Since sleeve thickness is less than 1.4 times the pipe nominal thickness, a
fillet weld size of sleeve thickness + 2 mm [gap] should be used.
94 | 2 2 9
Case Studies on ASME PCC-2
A) A 1600 mm ID, clad cylindrical shell ( SA 516 Gr.70 base metal 40mm+3mm
SS 304 corrosion resistant clad) had undergone localized loss of thickness from
process side. The affected area showed complete loss of cladding and also loss
of base metal thickness up to 8mm. Vessel was in Hydrocarbon service. Original
code of construction is ASME VIII Div.1 . Construction drawings specified Full
radiography. Vessel is not subjected to low temperature service hence impact
test is not required. There is no service related PWHT and PWHT is to be
avoided after repairs if possible. Prepare a repair proposal for as per guidelines
of ASME PCC-2. Will this repair be termed as temporary or permanent?
95 | 2 2 9
Case Studies on ASME PCC-2
1..As per Article 2.11 of ASME PCC-2, The remaining base metal thickness
shall be adequate to accommodate weld buildup. In this case it is 32-
8=24mm which is more than adequate for the build up.
If loss of base metal thickness of 12mm, as per clause 5.1.2 Art 2.11 of ASME
PCC-2, base metal build up shall be examined by volumetric examination
methods such as radiographic or ultrasonic testing prior to step 10 above..
97 | 2 2 9
If base metal was SA 387 Gr 11 ( 1.25 Cr-0.5 Mo) it will be classified as P no.4
material. Preheating as substitute to PWHT can not be used. If Controlled-
deposition Welding Method for base metal build up was done as per API 510,
PWHT can be avoided.
Intermediate PWHT
After performing weld repairs to low alloy steel base metal, but before
application of weld overlay, a dehydrogenation heat treatment or an intermediate
PWHT should be considered, (Especially if the base metal is 21⁄4Cr or higher
alloy, or heavy wall,(greater than 38 mm or 11⁄2 in. thick) to expel hydrogen pick-
up during welding.
Delayed cracking:
As per API 510, The base metal in the area of repair should also be examined for
cracking by the ultrasonic examination irrespective of thickness This inspection
is most appropriately accomplished following a delay of at least 24 hours after
completed repairs for alloys that could be affected by delayed cracking.
98 | 2 2 9
Case Studies on ASME PCC-2
99 | 2 2 9
Case Studies on ASME PCC-2
This may result in thickness loss up to approx. 12 mm. Then provide 3:1 taper as
in (b) in fig.1 below
Verify defect removal by inspecting the cavity by visual examination (VT) and
(PT) or MT as appropriate.
100 | 2 2 9
Measure the remaining wall thickness by UT .If remaining thickness is greater
than the minimum required thickness as determined by a fitness-for-service
evaluation for groove; ( for FFS evaluation take the depth of groove as 12mm)
the excavation cavity need not be filled with weld deposit. Otherwise build up the
thickness. Volumetric examination (RT or UT) shall be considered where there is
a possibility of flaws introduced during repair welding, such as shrinkage cracks
from deep weld repairs in thick sections.
Pressure test is not required after the repair.
3.. Pitted area max. pit depth 10 mm deep and pitted area size 230 mmX180
mm
o Prior to gouging, Pitted area FFS evaluation using methodology for pitted
area can be adopted. If fitness-for-service evaluation shows the area
acceptable, no further action is needed.
101 | 2 2 9
4.. Crack of depth 28 mm and length 300 mm.
102 | 2 2 9
API 570- INSERVICE PIPING INSPECTOR
PREPARATORY COURSE
ASME PCC 2
ASSIGNMENTS
API 570- PIPING INSPECTOR PREPARATORY COURSE
(VOLUME- I)
Part- 3
weld metal
No
Is the WPS supported by No Is unit stress >
PQR. Does WPS show No
95% of SMTS (QW – 153)
reference No. of the J of base metal
supporting PQR
Yes
Yes No Is bend test Qty, type
Yes stated and correct
(QW – 451.1)
Has PQR been revised
Yes
No E No
No Is the result stated & OK (QW – 163)
Is PQR signed and dated Yes
Yes No Are results for toughness
test (if any) OK (QW – 172)
Accept for C Yes
detailed Place WPS & PQR side by side
review
Go to tables as follows
T SMAW - QW 253
SAW – QW 254
No Check WPS/PQR for QW 402 to
QW 410 for the following
WPS: EV, NEV, PQR: EV,
Are the documents OK?
PQR REVIEW:
1. Check P,F and A Nos…….P No. 1 is OK, F No. should be 4 instead of 2, A No.
OK
2. Bend tests specimen Nos. = 4…OK, Test results also OK, but specimen tested
are wrong. They must be 4 side bends for Test coupon thickness=o.75 inch.
WPS REVIEW:
Check P.No , F No, A No. Change F No. to agree with PQR ( change F no. to 4)
Base metal thickness range shall be= 3/16 inch to 1 ½ inch.
Weld metal thickness range shall be = 0 to 1 ½ inch.
(VOLUME- I)
Part- 4
Points To Recall of
125 | 2 2 9
Points To Recall - 1
4. Table A-1B of B 31.3 Code gives weld joint quality factor for
manufactured pipes. The factor can be increased for Electric
Fusion welded pipes by conducting additional radiography
(spot or full) as per Table 302.3.4.
PD
tm = +C
2( SEW + PY )
126 | 2 2 9
3P
tm = dg +C
16SEW
Where, dg = the inside diameter of gasket
127 | 2 2 9
13. If average of 3 specimen > = Minimum for one specimen and
128 | 2 2 9
Points To Recall - 2
1. Thermal expansion and contraction for different temperatures
is given in Table C-1. To determine total expansion net effect
shall be considered.
5. API 570 shall not be used for new construction. It shall not
violate jurisdiction requirements.
129 | 2 2 9
8. Ultimate responsibility for executing the work as per API 570
rests with owner/user.
13. Examiner is NDT person who assists the API 570 inspector but
does not decide acceptance / rejection of NDT results.
130 | 2 2 9
Points To Recall - 3
131 | 2 2 9
Class 3: Services that do not significantly vaporize
and not located in high activity area.
12. Pipes systems having remaining life more than 10 years and are
adequately protected, need not be included for inspection of
suspect area as above.
132 | 2 2 9
Points To Recall - 4
2 SEt
MAWP = .
D
t = t actual – 2 x corrosion loss up to next insp.
133 | 2 2 9
7. Any welding done on-stream shall be done in accordance with hot
tapping checklist as per API 2201.
10. Pressure tests are normally required after alterations and major
repairs. However, NDE maybe utilized if Pressure Test is not
practical, if accepted by piping Engineer.
12. For piping buried in lengths greater that 100 feet and not
cathodically protected (CP), the soil resistivity shall be checked at
5 year interval.
134 | 2 2 9
16. Repairs using clamps for buried pipes, the location and date of
clamp shall be shown on the marker (flag) and also on the
inspection report. Clamp shall be replaced by permanent repair
at first available opportunity.
17. All fatigue failure take place due to initiation of surface crack
and propagation of crack due to stress fluctuation. There are
3-types of fatigue failures.
If surface cracks are due to stress concentration, weld
undercuts, notches etc and stress fluctuation due to
mechanical reasons (unbalanced shafts, alternate tension-
compression etc.) then it is Mechanical Fatigue. If stress
fluctuation is due to temperature swing, it is Thermal Fatigue.
If stress fluctuation is due to vibrations, water hammer etc., it
is Vibration Fatigue.
135 | 2 2 9
Points To Recall - 5
1. PQR gives data used in PQR test and test results, and cannot be
revised.
136 | 2 2 9
10. For acceptance criteria of production welds refer to Table
341.2.3 of B31.3 for:
• Weld reinforcement
• For radiographic results
• General acceptance of welds
15. Flanged fittings and valves are made thicker than pipes. The
thickness is given by:
17. For retirement thickness of valves and flanged fittings the value
of “S” is selected from stress tables of ASME B31.3.
137 | 2 2 9
18. Flanged joints and fittings are hydrostatically tested. Minimum
Test pressure shall be 1.5 times the 100°F rating rounded to
next higher 25 psi. This is also the maximum System-test
pressure.
138 | 2 2 9
Points To Recall - 6
1. GENERAL:
2. FOR RT:
b. Backscatter:
Light image of B on dark background - Unacceptable
c. Density Limitations:
139 | 2 2 9
3. FOR PT:
a. Control of Contaminants: Sulphur (for Nickel alloys)
shall not exceed 1% of residue. Chlorine + Fluorine
(for S.S. and Titanium) shall not exceed 1% of
residue.
b. Temp. shall be between 10oC to 52oC, for standard
procedures.
c. Penetrants are colour (visible) type and fluorescent
type. Each of these have:
▪ water washable
▪ post emulsifying
▪ solvent removable
Thus, total 6 categories of penetrant are available.
d. Emulsifier is applied after applying penetrant and
required dwell time is completed. Lipopholic
emulsifier is applied without pre-rinsing. Hydropholic
emulsifier is applied after pre-rinsing.
e. For dwell time for penetrant and developer refer
Table T-672.
f. After applying developer, interpretation shall be done
within 10 to 60 minutes.
g. All penetrant materials should be from same
manufacturer.
4. FOR MT:
a. Prod Technique:
- Use direct (rectified) current for magnetization
- Prod spacing 3” to 8”
- Useful for surface and sub-surface defects.
140 | 2 2 9
b. Yoke Technique:
- Use D.C. or A.C. or permanent magnet
- Suitable for surface defects only.
c. Calibration:
Equipment Ammeter to be calibrated once a
year comparing with standard Ammeter, take 3
readings. Deviation shall not exceed ±10% of
full scale.
5. FOR VT:
141 | 2 2 9
test pressure. Pressure gauges shall be calibrated at
least annually
d. Prior to inspection, the test pressure shall be held min.
15 minutes.
e. The presence and growth of bubble at leak location
would constitute a defect.
f. After repair the leak test shall be repeated.
7. SE-797 UT MEASUREMENT:
b. Apparatus: 3 types
- CRT read out
- CRT + direct read out
- Direct thickness read out
142 | 2 2 9
API RP 578
1. API RP 578 can be used for new and existing piping system.
Carbon steel components are not covered in RP 578.
2. One inspection lot means items taken from one heat only.
143 | 2 2 9
API 570- PIPING INSPECTOR PREPARATORY COURSE
(VOLUME- I)
Part- 5
144 | 2 2 9
Questions from API 570 Piping Inspection Code- 2018 Edition
1. API 570 covers inspection, rating, repair, and alteration procedures for which of the
following that have been placed in service
a. Metallic piping systems
b. Fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP)
c. Associated pressure relieving devices
d. All of above
3. The intent of API 570 code is to specify -------------- that is needed to determine the
integrity of piping.
a. The in-service inspection program
b. Condition-monitoring program for in service piping.
c. Both the inspection and condition-monitoring program for in service piping.
d. The condition-monitoring program for both New and in service piping
145 | 2 2 9
5. Fluid services that are optional to include in API 570 scope are:
a. Hazardous fluid services below threshold limits, as defined by jurisdictional
regulations;
b. Category D fluid services, as defined in ASME B31.3
c. Both a and b
d. None of a or b
6. According to API 570, the Piping systems that are exempted from the applicable
process piping construction code are ----------- in scope of API 570 code
a. Included
b. Excluded
c. Optional
d. API 570 is silent on this aspect
7. API 570 inspection code recognizes Fitness-For-Service concepts (API 579) for
evaluating in-service damage of :
a. Pressure containing parts as well as non-pressure parts
b. Pressure containing parts
c. Non-pressure parts
d. Use of API 579 is not recognized by API 570
146 | 2 2 9
QUESTIONS FROM CHAPTER-2
1. Which of the following document is referenced in API 570 for: Material Verification
Program for New and Existing Piping Systems
3. Which of the following document is referenced in API 570 for: Risk-based Inspection
4. Which of the following document is referenced in API 570 for: Safe Hot Tapping
Practices in the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries
147 | 2 2 9
QUESTIONS FROM CHAPTER-3
2. Designated areas on piping systems where periodic examinations are conducted are
called.
a. Corrosion specialist
b. Corrosion Expert
c. Corrosion Engineer
d. Piping Engineer
148 | 2 2 9
5. A defect is an imperfection of a type or magnitude exceeding the __________ criteria.
a. Non-specific
b. Imprecise
c. General
d. Acceptable
6. Which of the following piping can be called as “in service Piping systems”.
a. Metallic equipment
b. FRP equipment
c. Any non-metallic equipment
d. None of these
a. Supplants
b. Assists
c. Supervises
d. Directs
149 | 2 2 9
9. Welding repairs that involve removal and replacement of large sections of piping
systems are called :
a. Major alteration
b. Major repairs
c. Routine repairs
d. Routine alterations
150 | 2 2 9
13. Hold point is a point in the repair or alteration process beyond which work may not
proceed until the __________ has been performed and documented
a. PWHT required
b. Required inspection
c. RT required
d. Ultrasonic testing
15. Calculations to establish pressures and temperatures appropriate for a piping system,
including design pressure/temperature, MAWP, structural minimums, required
thicknesses, etc. are called
a. Re-rating
b. Derating
c. Rating
d. Changed rating
a. Indication
b. Imperfection
c. Breach
d. Division
151 | 2 2 9
17. In API 570 code the Acronym PMI means
a. management of corrosion
b. measurement of corrosion
c. management of change
d. measurement of condition
152 | 2 2 9
22. In API 570 code the Acronym MTR means
153 | 2 2 9
QUESTIONS FROM CHAPTER-4
1. Who shall be responsible to the owner-user for determining that the requirements of
API 570 for inspection, examination, and testing are met.
a. Inspector
b. Repair Organisation
c. Operating Personnel
d. Piping Engineer
2. Who is responsible for implementing an effective MOC process that will review and
control changes to the process and to the hardware.
3. Who bears overall responsibility for the control of piping system inspection programs,
inspection frequencies and maintenance of piping?
4. As per API 570, an authorized piping inspector shall have certain qualifications.
Which of the following is not acceptable qualification to become API 570 inspector.
d. Degree in engineering plus one year experience in the design, construction, repair,
operation, or inspection of piping systems.
154 | 2 2 9
Ans: c. API 570 Annex A
a. 10 % of time
b. 20 % of time
c. 25 % of time
d. 50 % of time
a. Six years
b. Three years
c. Five years
d. Ten years
155 | 2 2 9
QUESTIONS FROM CHAPTER-5
a. The inspector
b. The inspector and/or engineer
c. The engineer
d. None of above
2. A corrosion specialist should be consulted when developing the inspection plan for
piping systems:
a. Inspection intervals
b. The type and extent of future inspection/examinations.
c. Both a and b
d. None of above
156 | 2 2 9
5. In RBI assessment includes systematic evaluation of probability of piping failure and
the associated consequence of failure. Consequence assessment shall consider In
assessing
6. When RBI assessments are used to set equipment inspection intervals, the assessment
shall be updated after
7. Safety precautions shall be included when preparing piping systems for inspection and
maintenance activities. One such organization issuing safety Regulations is “OSHA”,
which means
8. Prior to entering large piping, the piping system shall be isolated from all sources of
liquids, gases, vapors. The piping system should be-------------- (Choose correct
Sequence from following)
157 | 2 2 9
d. Drained, purged, cleaned, ventilated, gas tested before it is entered.
9. Before performing any of the required inspections on piping system, inspectors should
review:
a. The piping system’s prior inspection results, prior repairs, current inspection plan
b. The piping system’s Design calculations and drawings
c. The piping system’s drawings and current inspection plan
d. The piping system’s Stress analysis, flexibility calculations and inspection plan
a. Fatigue cracking
b. Caustic stress corrosion cracking
c. Hydrogen induced cracking
d. Chloride stress corrosion cracking
11. Which of the following can result in General and local metal loss
a. Graphitization
b. Temper embrittlement
c. Sulfidation
d. a and b
12. As per API 570, When possible and practical, internal visual inspections may be
scheduled for systems such as large-diameter piping systems. Such inspections should
be conducted with-----------
158 | 2 2 9
13. According to API 570, all on-stream inspections should be conducted by
14. According to API 570, thickness measurements on piping systems are normally taken
while the piping is:
a. On-stream
b. Not in operation
c. Under maintenance
d. Empty and cleaned
15. What inspector should do when the short-term corrosion rate changes significantly
from the previous identified rate to determine the cause
159 | 2 2 9
16. An inspection performed to determine the condition of the piping insulation system,
painting, and coating systems, and associated hardware; and to check for signs of
misalignment, vibration, and leakage is called-------------
17. According to API 570, some welds in a piping system that has been subjected to
radiography according to ASME B31.3:
a. Will meet random radiograph requirements and will perform satisfactorily in-
service without a hydrotest
b. Will not meet random radiograph requirements, and will not perform
satisfactorily in-service even though hydrotested.
c. Will meet random radiograph requirements, and will not perform satisfactorily in-
service after a hydrotest
d. Will not meet random radiograph requirements, but will still perform
satisfactorily in-service after being hydrotested.
18. The periodic external inspection should normally be conducted by the inspector, but
may be conducted by----------------when acceptable to the inspector
19. For Carbon Steel piping Inspection for CUI shall be considered for externally-
insulated piping with possibility of moisture ingress and susceptible temperature
range, which is-------------
a. Between 10 °F (–12 °C) and 350 °F (175 °C).
b. Between 25 °F (–4 °C) and 250 °F (120 °C).
c. Between 32 °F (0 °C) and 212 °F (100 °C).
d. Between 10 °F (–12 °C) and 250 °F (120 °C).
160 | 2 2 9
20. The recommended upstream limit of the injection point circuit
is………………………...
21. The recommended downstream limit of the injection point circuit is……………….
22. During periodic scheduled inspections, more extensive inspection should be applied
to an area beginning ---------------------- upstream and continuing for at least --------
-----downstream of the injection point.
23. The preferred methods of inspecting injection points to establish the minimum
thickness at each TML are--------------
161 | 2 2 9
Ans: d API 570 Para 5.5.6
24. For thickness measurements on pipe diameters of NPS 1 and smaller, preferred
technique is:.
a. Always
b. Not normally
c. Never
d. Usually
26. When a pressure test is required on in-service piping it -------------any heat treatment.
27. When a pressure test is required on in-service piping, API 570 has cautioned
the owner/user is to avoid --------------for the material at test temperature
28. To minimize the risk of brittle fracture during a pressure test, the metal temperature
162 | 2 2 9
should be maintained at least --------- above the MDMT for piping that is more than
2 in. (5 cm) thick, and ------- above the MDMT for piping that have a thickness of 2
in. (5 cm) or less.
a. 30 °F and 10 °F respectively
b. 10 °F and 30 °F respectively
c. 17 °F and 6 °F respectively
d. 6 °F and 17 °F respectively
29. According to API 570, when a pressure test is not performed after a major repair or
alteration acceptable alternative is:.
30. Substituting NDE procedures for a pressure test after an alteration is allowed only
after --------------- the substitution.
31. PMI testing can be accomplished by the ---------------with the use of suitable
methods as described in API 578.
a. Inspector
b. Examiner
c. Inspector and the examiner
d. Inspector or the examiner
163 | 2 2 9
inspections.
34. The audit team should typically be from ------------------ experienced in refining
and/or petrochemical process plant inspection
164 | 2 2 9
QUESTIONS FROM CHAPTER-6
a. Increase
b. Decrease
c. Increase or decrease
d. None of these
a. Piping engineer
b. Owner-user or the inspector
c. Chemical Engineer
d. Piping engineer and the jurisdiction
4. Of the four classification of piping systems, which includes the majority of unit
processes and selected off-site piping?
a. Class 3
b. Class 4
c. Class 1
d. Class 2
165 | 2 2 9
5. Class 3 piping is described as being in services:
6. The appropriate inspection shall provide the information necessary to determine that
Piping is safe to operate until--------------.
a. One half the remaining life determined from corrosion rates or the
maximum interval of 5 years whichever is shorter.
b. One half the remaining life determined from corrosion rates or the
maximum interval allowed by API 570 in Table 2, whichever is
shorter
c. One fourth the remaining life determined from corrosion rates or the
maximum interval of 10 years whichever is shorter.
d. One quarter the remaining life determined from corrosion rates or the
maximum interval allowed by API 570 in Table 2, whichever is
shorter.
8. Table 2 of API 570 contains recommended maximum inspection intervals for Classes
1, 2 and 3 of piping services. Maximum intervals for Class 4 piping are ------------------
166 | 2 2 9
a. Optional.
b. Same as class 3
c. Same as class 1
d. Same as class 2
9. Piping systems that are known to have a remaining life of over __________ years or
that are protected against external corrosion need not have insulation removed for the
periodic external inspection.
a. 10
b. 15
c. 5
d. 20
10. If Piping Service is Changed then-------------shall be established for the new service.
11. As per API 570, Services with the ------------------------ are in Class 1.
167 | 2 2 9
a. Fluids that can rapidly vaporize during release, are class 1.
b. On-site hydrocarbon fluids that will slowly vaporize during release
are class 2
c. Hydrocarbon Fluids that do not significantly vaporize during release
are class 3
d. All of above
a. Services that are essentially nonflammable but may be toxic are in Class
4,
b. Services that are essentially flammable and nontoxic are in Class 4,
c. Services that are essentially nonflammable and nontoxic are in Class 4,
d. Services that are essentially flammable and toxic are in Class 4,
a. API 579
b. API 578
c. API 577
d. API 576
15. As per API 570 , test and inspection intervals for pressure-relieving devices in typical
process services should not exceed:
168 | 2 2 9
QUESTIONS FROM CHAPTER-7
1. If LT and ST corrosion rates are showing different values, The authorized inspector,
in consultation with a corrosion specialist, shall select the corrosion rate that-------------
2. You have a new piping system that has just been installed. It is completely new and no
information exists to establish a corrosion rate. Also, information is no available on a
similar system. You decide to put the system in service and NDT it later to determine
the corrosion rate. How long do you allow the system to stay in service before you
take your first thickness readings?
a. 1 month
b. 3 months
c. 6 months
d. 12 months
3. When the MAWP is recalculated, the wall thickness used in these computations
shall be the actual thickness determined by inspection ------------------
a. Minus the estimated corrosion loss before the date of the next
inspection
b. Plus the estimated corrosion loss before the date of the next inspection
c. Minus twice the estimated corrosion loss before the date of the next
inspection
d. Plus twice the estimated corrosion loss before the date of the next
inspection
4. Inspection deferral is appropriate when the piping circuit’s current interval is still
considered to be correct given the available data but an extension of the inspection date
based on --------------
169 | 2 2 9
a. A documented stress analysis process is acceptable to the inspector
b. A documented risk analysis process is acceptable to the inspector
c. A documented flexibility analysis process is acceptable to the inspector
d. A documented both sress and flexibility analysis process is acceptable to
the inspector
a. The lowest grade material and joint efficiency in the applicable code
may be assumed for calculations.
b. Samples must be taken from the piping and testing for maximum
tensile stress and yield strength will determine the allowable stress to
be used.
c. The piping made of the unknown material must be removed from
service and current piping of known material must be installed.
d. The piping of unknown material may be subjected to a hydrostatic
stress tests while having strain gages on it to determine its yield
strength and thus allowable stress.
6. As per API 570, Piping system and pressure-relieving device records shall contain
four types of information pertinent to mechanical integrity. Which of the following
is NOT part of these records.
7. The __________ shall maintain appropriate permanent and progressive records of each
piping system covered by API 570.
170 | 2 2 9
b) Inspector
c) Piping system owners and users
d) Jurisdiction
e) Examiner
171 | 2 2 9
QUESTIONS FROM CHAPTER-8
1. When making repairs and alterations to piping systems, the principles of ---------------
-------- shall be followed:
a. ASME B31.3
b. Code to which the piping system was built
c. Or b.
d. ASME B&PV Code
2. Repair and alteration work must be done by a repair organisation as defined in API
570 and must be authorised by the __________ prior to its commencement:
a. Jurisdiction
b. Inspector
c. Owner-user
d. Examiner
a. Alteration work
b. Repair work
c. Any repair as well as alteration work
d. Replacement of any piping component
4. What type of repairs and procedures may the inspector give prior general
authorisation to continue (provided the inspector is satisfied with the competency
of the repair organisaton)?
172 | 2 2 9
c. Alterations and re-ratings
d. Minor re-ratings and alterations
a. Owner-user
b. Jurisdiction
c. Examiner
d. Analyst
a. Examiner
b. piping engineer
c. Inspector
d. Corrosion engineer
173 | 2 2 9
7. What type of defect, should not be repaired by a full encirclement welded split
sleeve?
a. A longitudinal check
b. A circumferential crack
c. Pits that are one half through wall
d. General corrosion in the longitudinal direction.
8. If a repair area is localised (for example, pitting or pin-holes) and the specified
minimum yield strength (SMYS) of the pipe is not more than __________ psi, a
temporary repair may be made by fillet welding a properly designed plate patch over
the pitted area:
a. 30,000 psi
b. 55,000 psi
c. 40,000 psi
d. 36,000 psi
9. Insert patches (flush patches) may be used to make permanent repairs. One of the
condition for making these is that :
174 | 2 2 9
10. Insert patches may be used to repair damaged or corroded areas of pipe if several
requirements are met. One of these is that an insert patch shall have rounded
corners with __________ minimum radii.
a. 0.375"
b. 0.50"
c. 0.75"
d. 1"
13. For carrying out repairs by welding qualified welding procedures and welders have
to be used. Who ------------------shall maintain records of welding procedures and
welder performance qualifications.
a. Repair organization
b. Inspector
c. Owner-user
d. Examiner
175 | 2 2 9
14. The records of welding procedures and welder performance qualifications shall be
available to the inspector:
a. 150
b. 200
c. 300
d. 350
a. An engineer
b. The inspector
c. The piping engineer
d. The repair organisation
176 | 2 2 9
18. As per API 570, pressure tests normally required----------
19. When a pressure test is not necessary or practical, NDE shall be utilized in lieu of a
pressure test after consultation with --------------------
a. The inspector
b. Piping engineer.
c. The inspector and the piping engineer.
d. Corrosion specialist.
20. As per API 570, Rerating of piping systems can be done under certain conditions
which of the following is/are such condition/s for performing Rerating
21. As per API 570, Rerating of piping systems can be done under certain conditions
which of the following is/are such condition/s for performing Rerating
a. Rerated piping systems shall be leak tested unless a previous leak test was
done at greater than or equal to the test pressure for the new condition.
b. Full radiography of all butt welds must be performed.
c. PMI testing of piping systems shall be done
d. A and C above
177 | 2 2 9
QUESTIONS FROM CHAPTER-9
a. 3-month intervals
b. 6-month intervals
c. Once a year
d. Once every 3 years
2. Corrosion cells can form on Buried pipes (both bare and coated pipe) where bare steel
contacts the soil. How can these cells be detected ?
3. A pipe coating holiday survey is used to locate coating defects on coated pipes. More
often, it is used on buried pipe to--------------
178 | 2 2 9
Ans: a API 570 Para 9.2.6
a. Holiday detector
b. Intelligent pigging.
c. Boroscopes .
d. Wenner Four-Pin Method
6. For piping buried in lengths greater than 100 feet (30 m) and not cathodically
protected, evaluations of soil corrosivity should be performed at ---------
7. How often should poorly coated pipes with inconsistent cathodic protection potentials
have a pipe-to-soil potential survey made ?
a. Yearly
b. Every 2 years
c. Every 3 years
d. Every 5 years
179 | 2 2 9
d. Only on small bore piping
a. Cathodically protected
b. Not painted and not cathodically protected
c. Painted and cathodically protected
d. Not cathodically protected
10. An alternative or supplement to inspection of buried piping is leak testing with liquid
at a pressure at least __________ % greater than the maximum operating pressure
a. 5
b. 25
c. 10
d. 50
11. In a certain leak test for a buried piping system, specified Leak test pressure was 200
psi and piping was pressurized to this pressure. Four hours after the initial
pressurization of the piping system, the pressure dropped to 285 psi . As per API
570, What should be done ?
180 | 2 2 9
Ans: c API 570 Para 9.3.7
12. If buried piping leaks are repaired by putting clamps and reburied What shall be done
as per API 570:
181 | 2 2 9
Practice questions API-570 course
1) A 18" O.D. pipe has a corroded area on it. What is the maximum size of a fillet
patch that may be used to repair the corroded area?
a. 3.5”
b. 9”
c. 6”
d. 6.5”
2) A 10’ long carbon steel pipe is welded to a 10'long 18-8 stainless pipe and is
heated uniformly to 475 degrees F from 70 degrees F. Determine its total
length after heating
a. 20.067’
b. 20.156’
c. 20.234’
d. 20.095’
3) A seamless NPS 10 pipe, ASTM A106 Grade B material operates at 750 psi
and 700 degrees F maximum. Considering only pressure design thickness,
what minimum thickness is required?
a. 0.244”
b. 0.200”
c. 0.282”
d. 0.173”
4) A seamless NPS 6, ASTM A106 Grade A pipe operates at 300 degrees F and
765 psi. The allowable stress is 16,000 psi. Using the Barlow equation,
determine the retirement thickness for these conditions
a. 0.446”
b. 0.332”
c. 0.231”
d. 0.158”
5) A seamless NPS 10 pipe, ASTM A106 Grade B material, operates at 750 psi
and 700 degrees F (maximum). The thickness of the pipe as determined by the
last inspection is 0.30". The pipe has been in service for 10 years. The original
182 | 2 2 9
thickness (measured when installed) was 0.365". Two years previous to the
0.30" measurement the thickness of the pipe was measured to be 0.31".
Determine the greatest corrosion rate i.e. short or long term
183 | 2 2 9
Practice questions API-570 course
184 | 2 2 9
Practice Questions API-570 course
ASME B 31.3 PROCESS PIPING
Closed Book
Q1) Piping code to be adopted for process piping within a large fertilizer
factory will be:
Q2) Most of the fluids normally covered by B 31.3 code falls under
Category
a. Category M
b. Category K
c. Category D
d. Normal
Q3) The term 'Y' in pipe thickness formula in B 31.3 represents numerical
factor of value.
Q4) Impact test is to be conducted with how many specimen for applying
acceptance criteria of ASME B 31.3
Q5) ASME B31.3 applies to piping for all fluids except for which of the
below?
185 | 2 2 9
Q6) As per ASME 31.3, the increased quality factors by conducting
additional NDT is permitted for:
a. ERW pipes
b. Seamless pipes
c. Electric fusion welded pipes
d. All types of pipes
Q8) The Term ‘S’ used in formula for calculating thickness of permanent
blinds as per 31.3 code, represents:
Q9) ASME B 31.3 code is meant for new piping installations in:
186 | 2 2 9
Q11) The requirements of the latest edition of ASME Code Section B 31.3 and
any subsequent Addenda become effective:
a. D
b. C
c. M
d. N
Q13) A fluid service in which the potential for personnel exposure is judged to
be significant and in which a single exposure to a very small quantity of a
toxic fluid, caused by leakage, can produce serious irreversible harm to
persons on breathing or bodily contact, even when prompt restorative
measures are taken is known as a category _________ fluid.
a. D
b. M
c. H
d. N
a. Tack weld
b. Seal weld
c. Fillet weld
d. Butt weld
Q15) In the equation tm = t + c, pick the correct definition of the value "t".
187 | 2 2 9
a. Minimum required thickness, including mechanical,
corrosion, & erosion allowances
b. Pressure design thickness, as calculated for internal
pressure.
c. Nominal wall thickness (As per purchase
specification)
d. Minimum design temperature of the pipe
a. 0.707
b. 0.770
c. 1.414
d. 0.500
Q17) The pre-heat zone shall extend at least -----inch beyond the edge of the
weld.
a) Above
b) Below
c) On or above
d) On or below
Q21) As per ASME B 31.3,the code used for Qualification of Welding Procedure
and welders is:
a) ASME Sec. IX
b) API 1104
c) Any one of a or b above may be used.
d) Both a and b above must be used
a. Three specimen
b. At least two specimen
c. Minimum three specimen
d. Maximum three specimen
Q25) If Two pipes different pre-heat requirements say t1 and t2 are to be welded,
the pre- heat for their joining shall be
a) Hydrostatic
b) Pneumatic
c) Either a or b both are equally safe.
d) Code does not accept a or b
Q28) What is the only category fluid service that may be subject to an initial
service leak test?
a) Category M
b) Category D
c) Category N
d) Category K
Q29) What will be Hydrotest pressure for a piping system with design pr = 100
psig, and safe stress at design condition is 18,000 psi while safe stress at test
condition (ambient) is 19,800 psi?
a. 150 psig
b. 130 psig
c. 165 psig
d. None of above
a. 40 psig
b. 20 psig
c. 25 psig
d. 80 psig
190 | 2 2 9
a. Pneumatic test must be done using air only and no other
gas..
b. For hydro testing water alone can be used and no other
liquid.
c. Pneumatic test shall be conducted only if hydrostatic test is
impracticable.
d. a and c above
Q32) According to ASME B 31.3 ,In case of fabricated piping Pressure test is
conducted
Q33) What is the minimum time that a leak test must be maintained as per B
31.3?
a. 60 minutes
b. 45 minutes
c. 30 minutes
d. 10 minutes
a. 10 years
b. 8 years
c. 6 years
d. 4 years
Q35) After PWHT, the hardness of weld and Heat affected Zone will generally -
------------
a. Increase
b. May increase or reduce.
c. Remain unaffected.
d. Reduce.
191 | 2 2 9
Practice Questions API-570 course
ASME B 31.3 PROCESS PIPING
Closed Book- Answer Key
Q. NO. ANSWER
1 B
2 D
3 C
4 A
5 A
6 C
7 C
8 B
9 B
10 B
11 C
12 A
13 B
14 B
15 B
16 D
17 a
18 a
19 b
20 d
21 b
22 c
23 b
24 d
25 a
26 a
27 a
28 b
29 d
30 b
31 c
32 b
33 d
34 a
35 d
192 | 2 2 9
Practice questions API-570 course
ASME B 31.3 PROCESS PIPING
Open Book
Q1) What is the longitudinal weld joint factor, Ej, for API 5L ERW (Electric
Resistance Welded) pipe?
a. 1.00
b. 0.95
c. 0.85
d. 0.60
Q2) “S” is defined as the stress value for material from Table A-1 of ASME
B31.3. Pick the value of “S” when the material is ASTM A335 Grade P5 and
the temperature is 950 degrees F.
a. 11,400 psi
b. 10,600 psi
c. 8,000 psi
d. 20,00 psi
Q3) Select appropriate Y factor for Austenitic Stainless Steel pipes for Design
temperature of 630 deg. C.
Q4) A Water piping with Design Pressure=180 psig and Design temperature= -
10 deg. F, will be classified as Fluid Service
Q5) If Design temperature in above question is changed to -30 deg.F what will
be the fluid service.
Q6) Water piping with Design Pressure=130 psig and Design temperature= -10
deg. F, will be classified as Fluid Service
Q9) A flat plate (without joints) is used as permanent blank for flanged point
with gasket I.D = 200 mm Design pr. = 200 psi and safe stress value for plate
is 18,000 psi, for given temperature of 250oC. What shall be the minimum
blank thickness from given options? Corrosion allowance is Nil code of
construction B 31.3.
a. 8 mm
b. 10 mm
c. 12 mm
d. 14 mm
194 | 2 2 9
a) All joints are okay as per ASME B 31.3
b) Joint 2, and 3 are okay, joint 1 not okay
c) Only joint 1 is okay. Joint 2, and 3 are not
d) None of the above are correct answers.
Q11) An ASTM A53 Grade B pipe with a maximum wall thickness of 0.75” is
being considered for use in a cold service. What minimum temperature can it
be used and not have an impact test?
a. +20 degrees F
b. +15 degrees F
c. +10 degrees F
d. 0 degrees F
Q12) PWHT is required for all SMTS of piping over ½ inch for which of the
following materials?
a. P Nos. 1 and 2
b. P Nos. 1 and 3
c. P Nos. 2 and 3
d. P Nos. 4 and 5
Q13) A piping system has design pressure=200psig. The piping material has
allowable stress at design temperature=16000psi. It has allowable stress at test
temperature=17600 psi . Its minimum Hydro test pressure will be
a 300 psi b. 330 psi c.260 psi d. 220 psi.
Q17) PWHT is required for all SMTS of piping over ¾ inch for
which of the following materials?
a. P Nos. 1 and 2
b. P Nos. 1 and 3
c. P Nos. 2 and 3
d. P Nos. 4 and 5
Q18) Piping system has design pressure=150 psig. Its Pneumatic test pressure
will be
Q20) ASME B 16.5 permits pipe flanges made from plates for which of the
following type?
a. Slip on type
b. Weld neck type
c. Blind flanges
d. None of above
Q21) Suitable Class for pipe flanges (A105) for Design pr = 400 psi, design
temp = 400oF will be:
a) Class 600
b) Class 300
c) Class 400
d) None of the above
Q22) What will be the System Hydrostatic Test pressure for above flange.
196 | 2 2 9
a. 300psig
b. 1000psig
c. 1100psig
d. 1125 psig
Q23) A carbon steel ASTM A 106 Grade B material is being impact tested.
What is the minimum average energy requirement for this material
(average for 3 specimens-fully deoxidized steel)?
a. 7 ft-lbs
b. 10 ft-lbs
c. 13 ft-lbs
d. 15 ft-lbs
Q24) Where the design temperature of the system is the same as the
hydrostatic test temperature, the hydrostatic test pressure shall not be
less than: (Yield stress during hydro test is not governing factor.)
Q25) A NPS 10 pipe made from ASTM A53 Grade B carbon steel is to be
checked for thickness (t). The pipe operates at 975 degrees F. Determine the
coefficient Y.
a. 0.4
b. 0.5
c. 0.6
d. 0.7
Q26) You have a fluid that does not operate at high pressure. The fluid is not
toxic. The fluid is not flammable. Exposure to the fluid will not cause damage
to human tissue. The design gage pressure is 120 psi and the operating
temperature is 1000F. What category fluid service would you design?
Q27) If a pneumatic Pressure test test is used, the test pressure shall be
__________% of design pressure.
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a. 50
b. 150
c. 125
d. 110
198 | 2 2 9
Practice questions API-570 course
ASME B31.3 PROCESS PIPING COURSE
Open Book Answer Key.
Q. NO. ANSWER
1 c
2 c
3 d
4 d
5 d
6 a
7 b
8 a
9 b
10 d
11 b
12 d
13 b
14 b
15 a
16 b
17 b
18 c
19 a
20 c
21 b
22 d
23 c
24 d
25 b
26 b
27 d
28 b
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Practice questions API-570 course
API-578 recommended practice
CLOSED BOOK
Q1) API 578 provides guidelines for a quality assurance system to verify:
a all metals.
b. all alloy materials.
c. non-ferrous materials.
d. For Carbon steels
Q3) Who has the responsibility to verify that the material verification program
is properly implemented?
a. Authorized inspector
b. Owner/User
c. Repair organization
d. Engineering organization
Q6) Who has the responsibility to determine the extent of PMI testing required
on existing piping systems?
a. Authorized inspector
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b. Owner/User
c. Repair organization
d. Engineering organization
Q7) PMI tools that use X-Ray fluorescence can not detect:
a. carbon content.
b. chrome content.
c. iron content.
d. molybdenum content.
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Practice questions API-570 course
Api-578 recommended practice
1 b
2 d
3 b
4 c
5 a
6 b
7 a
8 c
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Practice questions API-570 course
ASME B 16.5
PRACTICE QUESTIONS – OPEN BOOK
a. 170
b. 290
c. 300
d. 400
a. 10000F
b. 13000F
c. 11800F
d. 20000F
a. 1125 psig
b. 450 psig
c. 1000 psig
d. None of the above
a. 2250 psi
b. 1500 psi
c. 1000 psi
d. None of the above
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Practice questions API-570 course
ASME B 16.5
1. b
2. a
3. a
4. a
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API 570 CERTIFICATION PREPARATORY COURSE
Practice Questions. ( Closed Book )
ASME Sec. V
a. Carbon steels
b. Ferritic stainless steels
c. Austenitic stainless steels
d. None of the above
3. The scope of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel, Code, Section V includes:
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4. For Ammeter calibration for Magnetising equipment , The allowable tolarence
is:
a. + 5%
a. + 10 %
b. + 15 %
d. + 20
a. Qualification of personnel
b. Calibration of NDE equipments
c. Correct procedure for NDE
d. All of the above
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(a) clean the part, apply the developer, apply the penetrant, remove excess
penetrant, inspect the part, clean the part;
(b) clean the part, apply the penetrant, remove excess penetrant, apply the
developer, inspect the part, clean the part;
(c) clean the part, apply the developer, apply the penetrant, inspect the part,
remove excess penetrant, clean the part;
(d) clean the part, apply the developer, apply the penetrant, inspect the part,
clean the part.
8. When reviewing a radiograph, a light image of the letter B can be seen on the
film
a. Each year
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b. Each two years
c, When possible
d. Every 6 months
11. For MT examination by Prod technique the spacing between prods shall be
between
a. 4 inch to 12 inch
b. 4 inch to 10 inch
c. 3 inch to 10 inch
d. 3 inch to 8 inch
13. What is the difference between an inspection and an examination per Section V of
the ASME Code?
a. Inspection performed AI
b. Examination performed by manufacturer's personnel
c. There is no difference between the two
d. Both a and b, above
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14. In pulse –echo contact method, When does a considerable Vee - error will result
while measuring thickness?
15. In pulse –echo contact method which disply of UT results is recommended when
reflecting surface is rough.
a. CRT display
b. Direct Digital display
c. Any of a or b are OK
d. UT is prohibited when reflecting surface is rough
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API 570 CERTIFICATION PREPARATORY COURSE
Practice Questions. ( Closed Book )
ASME Sec. IX
(a) that portion of the base metal which has not been melted;
(b) whose mechanical properties or micro structures have been altered by the heat of
welding;
(c) is least likely to contain discontinuities;
(d) both (a) and (b) above.
3. A welder may deviate from the parameters specified in WPS if they are nonessential
variables :-
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(a) Provided the change is documented on revised WPS;
(b) Provided the supporting PQR is also revised;
(c) No;
(d) Nonessential variables only apply to PQRs
Ans. a REF : Section IX, QW-200.1
4 A welder is a qualified welder but gives consistently defective weld. What will be
your action as a Quality Control Manager?
5. Tensile test was carried out for qualifying a welding procedure (PQR). The specified
minimum tensile strength of the base metal is 70,000 psi. If the test specimen
breaks in parent metal (outside weld and fusion zone) and the tensile strength
calculated is 68,000 psi.
6. A weld procedure is qualified in 1G position. This procedure can be used for welding
in _______ positions
a. 1G
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b. 2G
c. 4G
d. all of the above
9. When a tensile specimen breaks in the base metal outside of the weld
or fusion line, the strength recorded may be at most ____ below the
specified tensile and be accepted.
A. 3.5%
B. 0.5%
C. 5%
212 | 2 2 9
D. All of the above
11. What is the number of transverse guided bend tests required for
Performance Qualification in a 6G position?
a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 6
13. What period of inactivity from a given welding process requires the
welder to re-qualify in that process?
e. 3 months
f. 6 months
g. 9 months
d. 12 months
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Ans b. REF : Section IX, QW- 322.1
14. Groove weld test may be used for qualification of welders. Which
of the following shall be used for evaluation?
h. Only bend tests
i. Only radiography
j. Both radiography and bend tests
k. Either bend tests or radiography
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API 570 CERTIFICATION PREPARATORY COURSE
Practice Questions. ( Open Book )
ASME Sec. V
1. The recommended minimum development time allowed for a material made of high
temperature alloy is
a. 5 min
b. 10 min
c. 7 min
d. 60 min
2. What is the geometric unsharpness allowed as per code for a thickness of 2.0” (50.8
mm) as per code?
a. 0.020” ( 0.508mm)
b. 0.030” (.00.762mm)
c. 0.010 (0.254mm)
d. None of the above
Ans: b. Reference ASME Sec. V Art.2, table 274.2
3. For steel plates and welds to be checked by LPI, what shall be the penetration time
for Penetrant
a) 10 min for weld, 5 min for plate
b) 5 min for both
c) 10 min for both
d) 5 min for weld, 10 min for plate
Ans: d. Reference ASME Sec. V Art.6, Table T-672
215 | 2 2 9
4. A 1” thickness butt weld has 0.125” acceptable reinforcement was radiographed.
The applicable plate type penetrameter on (Film side) and essential hole shall be
a. ASME 30 - 2T
b. ASME 25 - 2T
c. ASME 20 - 2T
d. ASME 30 - 4T
5. What weight shall be used to check adequacy of lifting power of a permanent magnet
yoke. ?
a. Annually
b. Every 90 days
c. Whenever it is turned on
d. As required by the Examiner
a. 48 mm
b. 47mm
c. 53mm
d. 52mm
216 | 2 2 9
Ans: b. Reference : ASME Sec. V Art.23, 9.5
9. What wire No. shall make image on the film If type of penetrameter is wire type which
was put source side. Nominal single wall thickness is 0.875 inch and permissible
reinforcement is 0.125 inch. (wire decimeter in inch)
10. After applying the developer the examiner checked four welds by PT after
following period, weld A - 7 minutes, weld B - 15 minutes, weld C - 25 minutes
and welds D - 70 minutes. Which of the welds were checked with incorrect
interpretation time?
a. A and B
b. B and C
c. C and D
d. A and D
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API 570 CERTIFICATION PREPARATORY COURSE
Practice Questions. ( Open Book )
ASME Sec. IX
2. In a certain PQR for SMAW, the electrodes used for all passes were of AWS
classification (E 7018). Corresponding WPS also showed filler materials as E 7018.
Now the manufacturer proposes to change the filler material in WPS to E 7015. Will
you ask manufacturer to:
a. Quality new PQR with E 7015 electrodes.
b. Revise only WPS showing the change from E 7018 to E
7015 and submit WPS as a new revision.
c. Revise only the PQR document showing the change and
resubmit for approval.
d. Revise both WPS and PQR showing the change and
resubmit for approval
218 | 2 2 9
Ans: b.. Reference : ASME Sec. IX, and Table QW-253.
3. What positions are necessary to qualify a welder for all position pipe
welding?
a. 3G and 4G
b. 2G and 5G
c. 3G and 1G
d. 4G and 5G
a. 500F
b. 1000F
c. 1250F
d. 1500F
a. Hardness
b. Composition, weldability & mechanical properties
c. Ductility only
d. None of the above
6. A groove weld was made with 1 ¼” thickness plate with SMAW process for PQR
Qualification and the test were found acceptable. This PQR can be used up to a
maximum weld thickness of:
219 | 2 2 9
a. 1 ¼”
b. 2.5”
c. 8”
d. None of the above
6. F, V;
7. F only;
8. F, V, O;
9. ALL
(a) 3G and 1G
(b) 1G only
(c) None. Procedure does not qualify performance. Must requalify
( d ) All positions
9. A welding procedure qualified on ¼ inch thick plate can be used to weld groove welds
in materials from to :-
220 | 2 2 9
10. E7018 electrodes are classified as F number :-
a 1;
b 2;
c 4;
d 5.
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API 570 CERTIFICATION PREPARATORY COURSE
Practice Questions. ( Closed Book )
QUESTIONS ON API RECOMMENDED PRACTICES
Q.1 Temper embrittlement typically takes place with which of the following materials:
Q.2 Brittle fracture typically takes place with which of the following materials:
a. Mechanical fatigue.
b. Creep failure.
c. Stress corrosion cracks.
d. Hydrogen induced cracks.
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Q.8. The dissolved gases which cause Boiler water condensate corrosion are:
Q. 9 What construction material will you suggest where you are expecting serious
Sulphidation problem.
Q.10 Characteristic of Chloride SCC in Austenitic S.S. is: Cracks which are:
224 | 2 2 9
c. High hardness & High strength steels are more likely to undergo damage due to
wet H2S compared to low strength/ low hardness steels
d. All of the above are correct statements
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QUESTIONS ON API RECOMMENDED PRACTICES
a Recordable indication
b Reportable indication
c both a and b
d None of above
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4. A sub –surface terrace and step-like crack with basic orientation parallel to the
base metal surface caused by tensile stresses normal to thickness direction is
called
a. Lamination
b. Step-wise cracking
c. Lamellar tearing
d. Stress corrosion crack
a. SMAW
b. c and d below
c GTAW
d GMAW
a. Radiography only
b. Bend tests only
c. Either radiography or bend tests
d. Both Radiography and bend tests
a. within 6” – 24” with angle less than 30° with the surface
b. within 6”- 24”with angle not less than 30° with surface
c. within 24” with angle less than 30°
d. beyond 24”with angle not less than 30°
227 | 2 2 9
Ans: b Reference : API RP 577
a. 4 b. 1. c Zero d. 2
a. Preheating only
b. Pre-heating & PWHT
c. No pre- heating or PWHT
d. PWHT only
228 | 2 2 9
12. A method to assure that PWHT on the welds was performed satisfactorily is
to perform which of the following after PWHT
13. Among the following Welding processes, identify the one that has highest
metal deposition rate
a. all of below.
b. GTAW followed by SMAW
c. GMAW
d. SAW
14. A welding process which allows welding to be done without adding filler
metal is
a. SMAw
b. GTAW
c. GMAW
d. FCAW
Ans: b Reference : API RP 577