JOMO KENYATTA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 2023 YEAR 11 SEMESTER I EXAMINATIONS yu ay EGE 2221: APPLIED ELECTROMAGNETIC wor ;. DATE: MARCH 22, 2024 - Y 3 ~ ‘SAC 20 Marks vs ia Question 1, yy es wD In a charge free space magnetic field intensity is: ” e H = Hm cosBz cos wt, dy A Sag PN sank) Calculate for E Question 2, In free space, E = 20 cos(wt - 50x), ay Calculate 15 and H Question 3. (10 mks) Derive the maxwell wave equations. a Question 4, (3 mks) Explain the meaning of wave polarization using a diagram. Question 5, (2 mks) Outline the application of polarization. Question 6. Applied Electromagnetics plays a crucial role in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) technologies. Explain some applications where electromagnetic principles are applied in GIS and Ramotr Sensing _ renth - tev ¢ nbs 26> die 4 asuT oya) Outline the application of polarization. b) The far-field analysis of an electromagnetic wave problem is carried out by assuming that the waves are uniform plane wave. Explain three basic principles that serves as the basis of a plane wave solution. c) You are assigned to an engineering consultancy project that involves power measurement in various transmission media. Assuming that a plane wave in one of the tested systems propagating in non-magnetic medium and has an electric field, E = 25 sin(S x 107 + 32)7 V/yy d) Find the relative permittivity, €, of wavelength and medium type. Classify the medium type by showing relevant calculation. (4 marks) a. Determine the corresponding magnetic field, H. (4 marks) b. Show that the gencral form of time average power, Pave carried by the wave is — 22 o(V/,,2) where E, is the amplitude of E field and |n| is the absolute impedance. (6 marks) e) Calculate the value of Pave and the total power that pass through a circular disk of radius 5m on plane x-z=4, (5 marks) represented by the following equation,Paye =a) Define skin depth using a diagram. (5 marks) b) Transmission of electromagnetic energy through the ocean is practically impossible in certain frequency ranges due to high attenuation. Consider electromagnetic waves in the typical FM radio band. Assume that seawater (that is, the water in the ocean) is nonmagnetic and has a relative permittivity, €, = 81, and a conductivity, £, = 45/m Find the values of e"/c' for seawater for the frequencies 87.5 MHz and 108 MHz. (8 marks) c) Do you expect electromagnetic waves in the 87.5-108 MHz band to experience significance attenuation as they propagate through seawater? Explain your answer. (2 marks) d) Consider an electromagnetic wave in the FM radio band (that is, with a frequency between 87.5 MHz and 108 MHz) propagating through seawater. Calculate as a function of frequency (in MHz) the approximate propagation distance over which the amplitude of the electric field associated with this wave is reduced by a factor of one hundred. (5 marks)WI1-2-60-1-6 JOMO KENYATTA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY University Examinations 2020/2021 SECOND YEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN GEOMATIC ENGINEERING AND GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS EEE 2221: APPLIED ELECTROMAGNETICS DATE: December 2021 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer QUESTION ONE and ANY other TWO QUESTIONS QUESTION ONE (30 MARKS) — COMPULSORY 4 with the following terms and phrases as applied to electromagnetism: a) What do you understand with the eg —— i, Biot-Savart Law ji, Magnetic flux density iii, Hysteresis ; / iv. Intrinsic impedance ofa dielectric medium vy, mam.f. i, Skin effect Ampere's law Electric dipole moment Lenz's Law x. Law of conservation of charge Page 10f6b) With the aid of an equation, state and explain Coulomb's law- (2 Marks) ©) With the aid of an equation, state and explain Gauss’ law. (2 Marks) 4) Transform the following vector from Cartesian to cylindrical coordinates. (3 marks) ieeyachitetoe = ya, +xa, a, vax’ +y ©) Given vector M= 3+4k+w. Find the unit vector a (1 Mark) ) Region 1, % <0, has pir near (0, 0, 0) are given by: 5, while region 2, z > 0, has ji=5. The magnetic flux densities B, = 2.40a,+ 10.0a, (T); and By = 25.75a, - 17.7ay + 10.0a, «T.. Ifthe interface between the two regions carries a current sheet, what is the current sheet density Kat the origin? G@ marks) 2) Find the force on charge QI, 20,C, due to charge Q2, -300KC, where QU is at (0,1,2) mand Q2 at (2,0,0)m. (1 marks) h) A uniform line charge, infinite in extent, with py— 20 nC/m, lies along the z axis of cylindrical coordinates system. Find E at (6, 8, 3)m. (2 marks) i) Given A= 2a, + day - 3a, and B= a, - a,, find a) AB (1 mark) b) AxB (1 mark) J) Side-by-side, write di c time- f ell! aac oR F fea y- ite down the time-domain Maxwell's equations in differential and integral (4 marks)XN QUESTION FIVE @0 MARKS) a) Design an electromagnetic system to establish communication between you (stationed on carth) and a remote site (e.g. on the moon). Briefly explain how you would measure the quality/quantity of the signal (10 marks) b) An area of 0.65 m? in the z = 0 plane is enclosed by a filamentary conductor as shown in .Q5b. Find the induced voltage given that B=0.05 cos 10( (4 marks) z ¢) In free space, an electromagnetic wave has E(z, t) = 10° sin(cwt - Bz)a, (Vim). (4 marks). (i) Obtain H(z, ). given that the frequency f=95.3 MHz. (ii) Determine the propagation constant yras jp, (2 marks)QUESTION THREE (20 MARKS) 3) An electrost point charge Q: ic field is given by -20 pC al ind the work done in moving 2 E=(/2 + 2y)ay + 2xay V/m, long the following straight line paths: i) From the origin to (4,0,0)m. G marks) ii) From (4,0,0)m to (4,2,0)m. G marks) iii) From (4,2,0)m back to (0,0,0). (3 marks) b) Discuss two methods for deducing the direction of the induced or generated e.m.f. (4 marks) ¢) Calculate the e.m.f. generated in the axle of a car travelling at 80 km/h, assuming the length of the axle 10 be 2 m and the vertical component of the earth's magnetic field to be 40 pT. (4 marks) d) A conductor Jem in length is parallel to the z axis and rotates at a radius of 25cm at 1200 rev/min as shown in Fig.Q3d. Find the induced voltage if the field is given by B = 0.Sa, (T). (3 marks)SHON TWO (20 MARKS) Qui ‘ant the change in the volume defined by 1Sts2 m1 in spherical coontinates ithe volume (A nwaths) stitution p is given by: Q marks) ii) Comment ifthe veetor Fekt A at xe 1 contains sourves or sink A=Sr(sin a, ) List the seven electromagnetic waves in the onler ing wavelength or increasing (7 marks) energy/trequency sectional aren, ries, each of uniform evo: iv) A magnetic circuit comprises three parts The We: (a) a length of 80 mm and (b) a length of 60 mm and es.a (c) an airgap of length 0.5 mar and ¢ din, win s 1300, is 0307. A-coil of 4000 tums is wound on part (9), and the Oy density in the air that all the fluy passes through the given circuit, and that the relative permeability 1 estimate the coil current to produce such a Muy dens (3 marks) y sheets omnected as in Fig, Q2v and separated c ive permittivity of}. The area of one side at ace in microti G marks’ | plates e nda pac’ pacitor is made with having a thickness of Fig, Q2v: A multiple plate capacitor Bass antsJOMO KENYATTA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 21 BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN GEOMATIC ENGINEERING AND GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS BSc GEGIS YEAR II SEMESTER I EXAMINATIONS EEE 2221: APPLIED ELECTROMAGNETIC DATE: APRIL 2024 Answer question one and anv other two questions ‘Question one 1. Write the four Maxwel’s wave equation (4 marks) 2. Explain the meaning of wave polarization G marks) 3. In remote sensing analysis fora certain application a charge free space magnetic field intensity is found to be : H= (Hm cosfzeos ot ) ay Calculate the value of E ifthe zand x directions is zero. (5 marks) 4. _ Applied Electromagnetics plays a crucial role in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) technologies. Explain some applications where electromagnetic principles are applied in GIS and RS: (mks) In a remote sensing in weather station , the students wants to send data to another place ina different pari of the world , using diagrams describe through which modes of propagation the radio waves can be sent from one point to the other. (9 marks) 6, In free space, the electric field was found to be E=20 cos(ot ~ 50x), ay Calculate the values of Js and H (S marks) Question 2 a). Inclectromagnet (EM) waves, the waves travels in a group ausing how group and phase velocities are related marks) b) Show that the plane wave solution and the modulating eroup velocit appropriate diagrams deseribe GB is given by is given by 1 efor) and © arpygitk bon eo FL oe HOW dk respectively (10 marks) ©) Describe the Dopplier effect as seen in visible spectrum (light) in electromagnetic waves. (5 marks ) 44) Explain the meaning of polarization effect using a diagram. (2 marks) \ Question 32 Define skin depth using a diagram, ransmission of electromagnet .ctromagnetic energy th i ne Trans romagnetie energy through the eean is practialy im segues ngs se highaenson Sa ee ages wees te Opal Sa that seawater (that is, the water in the ocean) Siepeic cttaearce permittivity, €, = 81, and a conductivity, Eo = 45/m cama F oe! ind the values of e"Vc' for seawater for the frequencies 87.5 MHz and 108 MHz. (marks) ¢) Do you expect electromas genetic waves in the 87.5-108 MFlz band to expe ‘attenuation as they propagate through seawater? Explain aie att on A 2) Explain your answer 4) Consider an clectromagnetis i electromagnetic wave in the FM radio band (that is, with a frequen ’ wth a frequency between 87.5 HV and 108 MHz) propagating through seanatet Calculate as a function of frequency (in M2) the approximate propagation distance over svhih the amplitude of the electric field associated with this wave is reduced by a factor of one hundred. (5 marks) Quest 3) Outline the application of pol electromagnetic wave problem is carrie plain three basi principles that serve larization. (2 marks) b) The far-field analysis of an xd out by assuming that the waves are uniform plane wave: sas the basis of a plane wave solution. (3 marks) ancy project that involves power measurement ancy pol in one ofthe tested stems propagating 2 eps sin(S x10" +325 “/a ¢) You are assigned 0 an engineering consult dia, Assuming that 2p! various transmission me has an electric field, E non-magnetic medium and b 4g). Find the relative permittiviOh €, of wavelength and medium fyPe- evant calculation. (4 marks) edium type by showing rel (4 marks) ponding magnetic field, H ler, Pave carried by the wave is 1 form of time average powers Fave Bat E, is the 6 Classify the mt = Determine the corres Show that the genera 14 by the following ¢ uation, Pa represente amplitude of E feld and lol js the absolute impedance marks) fae fe) Caleulate the valve of P average and the total powet that passthrough a cireular disk of radius 5 z= 4. (5 marks) see i 2 marks) i fe and frequency modulating te jerentiate berween amplitude an ; a i Bale ye folfowing rerms 8s Use modulation of electomeanelic 2° art) My Double ‘sideband-suppressed CPST ‘Modulation (DSB-SC) Gnatt), band Modulation (SSB) SS b)_ Single Side! eal ulation (VSB). aia) c) vestigial ‘sideband Mot i i ye antenna ould be wee onesie commynean cemue esingte enorme ens 8) Spon that for ee moe comet aceite f Nee voltage of 20V is used to modulate © caine eae ‘of Ov. Take @ moderating: vyalue of 1.Fin out iv. Acarrier signal of frequency kHz, the following a) (2 marks)marks) b) Frequencies of the modulated wave 2 marks) cc) Bandwidthr | | \ | °) DM, ov. Skin. duglh. cusin Shen dep > The. aah ti” | , Conductor. pe are the _eulect oh the randucher and ib a ag th. -dier098'3 dpwoeds Vhe ester af Yoo conduclers Sein dol te. dependant oa Lae Frequency of Lhe curtok = es ee Abe crestabiv’ thy — ofthe mobecial Ib Sovens. fesse propel ional. \ Whe Cameerl into cybtedereal —cSrdueler.— wo faded 1 tenpessthlt ain cer . eugene! high oMrmuals oe wothie Coens ia the ‘Lypical FM xredio bev siuone Uieb crude Dares tea SAORI _rnognol ‘ wad Sees colicdfaseallucdy, py Em 28D) ond coda xsl {Feed Whe soles of ese! Ge Bie aly: Oo te: Goeeree _| 21-5 rae ard joo salle. | fer sas (i ee ce -2271.X. B75. 410 | : ws ae i | $80.%10°T. eonee ie aie was 16 x JOS C3 Bese eg Loe Spacey lose _ 3 ae =m _xioexioS = 216 «10° T vede |. sal = &-6exio ?s 8 26x1€ _olh y ox tepeck aledremeg nite ews io the 7.5108 Mila baed to oper sever significance otbeovebie, thew [ I Capleton Your curse nthe Ce7-s Miz bo 108 Mia) 8) Consid, an_tledromeamch.’ wave to dhe FM yada band ~——ferpageling _Yernagh” ceounbew: Calealabe oe asec ep : Sexqarney Co MIL) the oppresinacbe propagal om dishonce oro ———tdhch Fhe omjldids of dis tliduc Cold aecae edd = beth Hes ost ss oodverd by co Sader of one funded. pp (srsct Lem)fe 4 Plichromen ntbic -toous fraguinesy : af. By-s x\oe = 96-94 Milo. d= ¢ de pacpagas 2 disleee- if cz Spod of Legal fey mand ase Le Pequency of the seewe- oS a-18 «= Speed of Light Ve Seaerbenn— dz _o-1s x 3x10° 2 7.26 m a9-4ax10° = 226