CMI 900 & 950 SERIES

X – Ray Fluorescence
Systems

USER’S GUIDE
SmartLink FP Version 3.0 Rev C

P/N 98-1190-00003

Oxford Instruments Measurement Systems

945 Busse Road Elk Grove Village, IL 60007
tel: (847) 439-4404 fax: (847) 439-4425
Web Site: http://www.oxford-instruments.com/
Customer Service e-mail: [email protected]

© Copyright 2001 Oxford Instruments Measurement Systems.

Table of Contents

Table of Contents................................................................2
Introduction .........................................................................4
Safety................................................................................4
CAUTIONS and WARNINGS ...........................................4
Fuse Replacement...........................................................5
Laser.................................................................................5
Purpose of the Equipment..............................................5
Log On..............................................................................5
Log Off..............................................................................6
Menus ..................................................................................7
Main Menu........................................................................7
Taskbar.............................................................................8
Status Bar ........................................................................9
Spectrum Cal.....................................................................10
Spectrum Cal .................................................................10
How to Perform a Spectrum Cal ..................................10
Calibrate.............................................................................11
Calibrate FP ...................................................................11
How To Make an FP Calibration ..................................11
Calibrate ROI..................................................................15
How to Make an ROI Calibration .................................15

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Application ........................................................................21
How to Set Up an Application ......................................21
Statistics and Report Generator (SRG) ...........................29
Smartlink Setup Portion................................................29
Statistics and Report Generator Setup........................30
Query ...........................................................................30
Add Text ......................................................................30
Add Field......................................................................31
Add Table - Readings ..................................................31
Add Table - Statistics ...................................................32
Save the Report...........................................................33
Using the Report ..........................................................33
Measure .............................................................................34
Measurement Methods..................................................34
Maintenance ......................................................................43
How to Perform a Crosshair Alignment........................43
How to Perform a Laser Offset ....................................44
Annual Service.............................................................46
Glossary.............................................................................47

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CMI 900 & 950 Users Guide Version 3.0
Introduction
Safety
The CMI 900 and 950 Series meets or exceeds all recognized industry
standards and complies with agency requirements for safety and EMC
compliance. A safety check is performed on each instrument at the factory
prior to shipment

CAUTIONS and WARNINGS

CAUTION: GROUND BEFORE OPERATING
THIS INSTRUMENT MUST BE GROUNDED WITH THE 3-WIRE
GROUNDING CORD PROVIDED. FAILURE TO DO SO MAY RESULT
IN ELECTRICAL SHOCK.
CAUTION: SERVICE BY QUALIFIED ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN
ONLY
THIS INSTRUMENT CONTAINS VOLTAGES THAT ARE HAZARDOUS.
ALL SERVICING MUST BE DONE BY A QUALIFIED ELECTRONIC
TECHNICIAN ONLY.
CAUTION: LASER LIGHT
DO NOT STARE INTO BEAM OR VIEW WITH OPTICAL
INSTRUMENTS.

CAUTION: X-RAYS
THIS EQUIPMENT PRODUCES X-RAYS WHEN ENERGIZED.

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Fuse Replacement
115 VOLT UNITS 230 VOLT UNITS
CAUTION: DISCONNECT CAUTION:
POWER SUPPLY CORD DISCONNECT
BEFORE CHANGING POWER SUPPLY
FUSES CORD BEFORE
CHANGING FUSES
WARNING. FOR WARNING. FOR
CONTINUED CONTINUED
PROTECTION AGAINST PROTECTION
FIRE AND SHOCK AGAINST FIRE AND
HAZARD, REPLACE SHOCK HAZARD,
ONLY WITH SAME TYPE REPLACE ONLY
AND RATING OF FUSE. - WITH SAME TYPE
F5A - 250V AND RATING OF
FUSE. - T2A - 250V

Laser
The instrument contains a low energy laser for focusing the collimated X-ray
beam on the sample. The laser is embedded in the center of the measuring
chamber, pointed downwards towards the table.
The laser is a gallium arsenide type Class II, rated less than 1 milliwatt and
operates in a continuous mode.
Consult CMI International before replacing the laser. Any attempt to adjust or
service the laser may result in hazardous radiation exposure.

Purpose of the Equipment

The CMI 900 and 950 Series are dedicated non-destructive coating thickness
measuring instruments. They are capable of measuring the thickness of
virtually any coating, single layers, multi-layers, or alloys, on almost any
substrate. The instrument also has the capability of determining solution
concentration, alloy composition, assay, and materials analysis.

Log On
A valid password must be entered to Log On to the system and gain access
to the program and the X-ray. When SmartLink FP is first started the
following menu will appear.

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 Enter your password, which will appear as asterisks for security, select the
language you wish to operate SmartLink in and click on OK. If a valid
password is entered SmartLink FP will open and access will be granted.

Log Off
To log off, click on the Log Off selection from the Main menu. Logging off
displays a SmartLink FP dialog box so that the next user can enter their
password to log on. The X-ray power remains on until SmartLink FP is
closed by clicking on the X box, at the top of the menu.

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Menus

Main Menu
The Main Menu is located at the top of the screen and allows access to the
features and options of the system
Opens the File submenu.
File
Opens the Spectrum submenu.
Spectrum
Opens the Statistics submenu.
Stats
Opens the Task submenu, which contains the same functions
Task that can be accessed Taskbar.
Opens the Setup sub menu.
Setup
Opens the Video submenu from which the screen image of the
Video part can be captured and saved.
Used to select if the Taskbar and/or Status Bar are to be
View displayed.
For use by a technician, or high level password.
Maintenance
Allows for exiting the program and turning off the power to the X-
Exit ray.
Allows for signing off the system.
Logoff
Allows access to the Help system.
Help
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Taskbar
Many of the features that are accessed from the Task submenu can also be
accessed directly by clicking on icons that are displayed on the taskbar
underneath the Main Menu.
The following is a list of icons and their descriptions.
Spect Cal Icon - Click on this icon to perform a spectrum
calibration.

Measure Samples Icon - Click on this icon to make measurements

using an Application, a Calibration, or Counts.

Measure Parts Icon - Click on this icon to measure parts using the
database.

Cal FP Icon – Click on this icon to make a new calibration or modify

an existing one, using Fundamental Parameters (FP).

Calibrate Icon – Click on this icon to make a new calibration or

modify an existing one using Region of Interest (ROI).

Setup App Icon - Click on this icon to create an Application or

modify an existing one.

Pattern Icon - Click on this icon to make a new pattern or modify an

existing one.

Program Icon - Click on this icon to create a program or modify an

existing one.

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Status Bar
The Status Bar is located across the bottom of the screen and displays
information about the X-ray and the measuring sequence
First Item This box displays the status of the system,
and normally shows “Ready”.
Second Item This box displays the operating voltage of
the X-ray tube.
Third Item This box displays the operating current of
the X-ray tube.
Fourth Item This box displays the size of the collimator
selected.
Fifth Item This box displays the filter selected, if any,
to be used in the measurement.
Sixth Item Displays the X position coordinate (or R-
value) of the crosshair, with reference to
the current origin.
Seventh Item Displays the Y position coordinate (or
Theta value) of the crosshair, with
reference to the current origin.
Eighth Item Displays the Z position coordinate, with
reference to the current origin.
Ninth Item Display of the measuring system status.

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Spectrum Cal
Spectrum Cal
The Spectrum Cal feature, accessed from the Taskbar, is a two step process
that calibrates the instrument and sets the flux value. It does this by
measuring a layer of copper of a known thickness over a silver base, and
then taking a measurement on a silver standard.
A spectrum calibration should be performed once each day before performing
calibrations or taking readings, especially if the unit has been turned off

How to Perform a Spectrum Cal

There are two parts to the Spectrum Cal and both must be performed to
complete the Spectrum Cal.
‰ Click on the Spectrum Cal icon on the Taskbar.
‰ The Video screen will be displayed.
‰ Position the copper-coated portion of the Spectrum Cal standard
under the crosshair and focus.
‰ Click on the GO button or press F2, to start measuring.
‰ The unit will begin a series of measurements. Instructions and the
progress of the calibration are displayed in the Status window on the
right of the screen.
‰ When the first portion of the calibration is completed, the following
message appears. “Place the pure Ag under the collimator, focus,
then click GO.” The calibration is not complete.
‰ Position the silver portion of the standard under the crosshair, focus
and click on GO
‰ When finished a Spectrum calibration successful message is
displayed.
If the calibration is not completed successfully, an error message appears.
The instrument may not be operating correctly and Technical Support should
be notified before using the instrument for measurements.

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Calibrate
Calibrate FP

How To Make an FP Calibration

Setting up an FP Calibration requires selecting the elements for each layer in
the coating of the sample to be measured, and entering information in the
Parameters Tab and the Standards Tab.
‰ Select Calibrate FP from the Task Menu or click on the Cal FP icon
on the toolbar.
‰ Click on the New icon on the menu bar to open a new calibration
screen.
‰ The Select Elements menu will display.
‰ Using the mouse, click and drag an element from either the Table
tab or the List tab to the top layer of the five layers shown. The
calibration has to be defined by starting with the top layer.
‰ If a layer consists of an alloy, drag each of the elements that
comprise the alloy to that same layer.
‰ When finished, review the contents of each layer and compare it to
the desired calibration.
‰ Click on OK, to accept the layer definition and proceed to the
Parameters Tab.
‰ Click on the Parameters tab. Review the default information
displayed.
‰ Click on the Standards tab. Enter the values of all of the standards
required to complete the calibration.
‰ After values of the standards have been entered, click on the Video
tab.
‰ Highlight the standard to be measured on the Standards Table.
‰ Position the standard under the crosshairs and focus the camera
system.
‰ Click the GO button or press F2 to start the measurement. Repeat
previous steps.
‰ Name and save the calibration file.
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Parameters Tab - FP Calibration
The parameters that will be used when making the calibration are specified
from this screen. The Parameters screen for new calibrations displays the
default settings of the system. The actual parameters to be used depend on
the type of materials involved in the calibration and the application.

Title Description
Hardware Selects setting of collimator and Xray voltage and
settings current.
Measurement Selects calibration time, units for thickness and
Settings composition and number of digits of precision.
Calibration Selects between a Regular calibration and VFDI
Types calibration.
Calibration Displays modification date and a text description.
Information
Other Settings Specifies is this is a critical application.
Layer densities Specifies actual layer densities in samples.

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Standards Tab - FP Calibration
This screen contains a table that displays information about the required
standards for the calibration. The table contains columns for thickness and/or
% composition of each layer in the calibration. If a layer contains more than
one element, each of the elements’ composition in percent must be entered,
along with the thickness of the layer. Information about optional standards,
which are to be measured and included in the calibration, is added to the
table from this screen. To enter a standard, place the mouse cursor in the
first line in the table and enter the appropriate information regarding thickness
or composition. Use the tab key to move to the next column. If information
for another standard is to be entered, go to the next line in the table.
Information about the parameters used for the calibration, such as
measurements and hardware settings, sample density, and description are
entered from the Parameters Tab.

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Standards Table - FP Calibration
The standards table displays on the right side of the calibrate screen. It lists
all of the infinite standards that have to be measured for the defined
calibration. Optional standards that have been entered from the Standards
Tab will also appear. The status of each standard is indicated by the color.

Counts Tab
The Counts tab contains a table, which displays the counts recorded for of
each of the standards that were measured. For an ROI calibration the actual
counts are displayed, and for an FP calibration normalized values are shown.

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Calibrate ROI

How to Make an ROI Calibration

Setting up a new calibration requires selecting a calibration type that is
representative of the application to be measured, and entering the required
information in the Standards Table and the Parameters Tab. Measurements
are taken on the required standards, and the results and the spectrum are
saved in a calibration file.
‰ Select Calibrate from the Main Menu or click on the Calibrate icon
on the toolbar. The calibration screen will appear.
‰ Click on the New icon on the menubar to open a new calibration
screen.

‰
‰ In the New menu that appears, pull down the Type list by using the
arrow to the right of the Type box.
‰ Look at the list of calibration types available and select the type that fits
the application to be measured.
‰ Fields will display in the menu for each layer involved in the calibration.
Use the arrows to the right of each box to pull down lists of available
elements.
‰ From these lists, select the desired element the indicated layers
(Coating, Top, Middle, Base, etc.).
‰ Click on OK to accept or Cancel.
‰ Click on the Parameters tab.
‰ Review the default information displayed on the Parameters tab and
make changes as desired.

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 ‰ After completing all changes to the Parameters Tab, Click on the
Standards tab. Enter the values of all of the standards required to
complete the calibration. See Standards Tab below for more details.
‰ After values of the standards have been entered, click on the Video tab.
‰ Either use the Auto-Cal feature or measure each standard individually
per Steps 14 – 16.
‰ Highlight the standard to be measured on the Standards Table.
‰ Position the standard under the crosshairs and focus the camera
system.
‰ Click the GO button or press F2 to start the measurement.
‰ After the measurement is complete, the Standards Table will
automatically highlight the next non-measured standard. Move the next
standard identified in the Standards Table under the crosshair.
‰ Repeat steps 14 through 16 until all required standards have been
measured.
‰ Name and save the calibration file.
‰ After the readings have been taken, the spectrum graph of the
element(s) measured can be reviewed by clicking on the Spectrum Tab.
See Spectrum below for more details.
‰ Access the transfer function curve(s) by clicking on the Transfer
Function Tab.

ROI Calibration Types

There are five different types of calibrations that can be made using the ROI
technique.

Binary Alloy/Base
This type of calibration is used to measure the thickness and composition of a
binary alloy layer over a base material.

Element/Base
This type of calibration is used to measure a single layer of an element over
a base material.

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Element/Binary Alloy Thk/Base
This type of calibration is used to measure a dual layer coating over a base
material, where the top layer is an element and the second layer is a binary
alloy.

Element/Element/Base
This type of calibration is used to measure a dual layer coating over a base
material, where both of the coatings are elements.

Solution
This type of calibration is used to measure the concentration of metal ions in
a plating solution.

Parameters Tab - ROI Calibration

The parameters that will be used when making the calibration are specified
from this screen. The Parameters screen for new calibrations displays the
default settings of the system. The actual parameters to be used depend on
the type of materials involved in the calibration and the application.

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Critical
This option is to be enabled when the application being calibrated has an
element and a base whose spectral peaks are located very closely together.
With this option on, the user will be prompted to perform a spectrum
calibration, if the time elapsed since the last spectrum calibration is thirty
minutes or more. The Critical feature is automatically enabled when the
application requires a numerical filter.

Absorption
The absorption method analyzes the fluorescence absorbed by the coating.
It is used when the coating is a non-metal such as a solder mask, or a metal
with an atomic number lower than 22, or when you wish to define the region
of interest to be that of the base material. The characteristic of an absorption
calibration is that the calibration counts decrease as the thickness increases.

Thin Coating
The Thin Coating option is to be used only when measuring very thin
coatings where an infinite coating standard is not available. This type of
calibration produces a linear curve between the base and the known standard.
When enabled, the infinite standard and all but one thickness/composition
standard are removed from the Standards Table.

Ratio Method
The Ratio Method option is used when measuring samples of odd
configurations on which the camera cannot be focused. This method allows
measurements of plated samples in severely recessed areas, such as
chassis and cans, without the need to visually view the test area. The ratio
method can only be used for single layer applications and where no
mechanical or numerical filters are used.

Br Correction
This selection will appear when certain calibration types are selected where
the presence of bromine, which is found in printed circuit boards, may
interfere with the readings. A change will be made to add a numerical filter to
compensate for the bromine. Also a measurement of Bromine infinite will be
required in the Standards Table.

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3 Point Cal
This option will appear when making a solution calibration. It is used to
provide tracking over a large range of concentrations.

Standards Tab - ROI Calibration

Clicking on the Standards tab displays the Standards screen. It contains
information about the standard highlighted in the Standards Table located to
the right of the screen.
This table lists the standards that are required to be measured for the
selected calibration, and the optional standards that can be used for each
layer or composition.

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Transfer Functions Tab
The Transfer Functions tab of the calibration screen displays a graphical
interpretation of the curve(s) produced in the calibration. The X-axis of the
graph represents the thickness of the standards in the designated units and
the Y-axis represents the normalized counts.

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Application
How to Set Up an Application
‰ Click on the Setup App icon on the taskbar and then click on the
new icon to access this feature. An Application consists of a
calibration, the parameters used to take measurements, a program,
and selected print options.
‰ Click on Task from the Main menu and select Setup Application from
the list, or click on the Application Icon on the taskbar.
‰ Select the calibration to be used with this application.
‰ Enter the appropriate information for the application in the
Parameters tab.
‰ Enter desired information in the header data fields and select a
report from the Print Options tab.
‰ When an ROI calibration is selected and a base correction is
required, enter the information or perform the measurement.
‰ Name and save the file.

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Parameters Tab (Setup Application)
From the Parameters tab you can select the Calibration to be used, define
the measurement parameters, and specify an XYZ program. When an FP
Calibration is selected, values can be entered for the thickness, or
composition, of the layers in the calibration. When a value is entered for a
layer, readings are not taken for that layer and the entered value is used.

Click on this button to display a list of the calibration

files. Select the calibration to be used and click the
Open button.
The length of the measurement. Value should not be
Measurement Time less then 25% of the Calibration time.
Click on the Compute button and the system will
calculate the optimum measurement time for the
values entered.
The units of measure in which the readings will be
Units displayed. The unit selected can be different from
those used in the calibration.
The number of decimal places that will display in the
Precision readings.
Enables the Critical feature, which will prompt to
Critical perform a spectrum calibration if more than thirty
minutes has elapsed since the last calibration.
Toggles on/off the XY Search feature.
XY Search
Click on the toggle box so that a checkmark (√) is
Enable XYX
displayed if you wish to select a program to be used
Program with the Application.

Click on this button to display a list of existing XYZ

program files. Select the desired file from the list and
click the Open button.

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Print Options Tab
The Print Options tab is used to enter default information into the eight
header fields and select a default report to be used to print the readings take
with the Application.
The fields can be used to print manually entered information into a report.
When a report format is created in the Report Generator program, one or
more of these fields can be selected and given locations in the report.
Information is entered into the data fields either from the Print Options Tab
when an Application is created, or when printing reports from an Application.

Default Information
Enter the information that you wish to appear when the header fields are
printed in a report. Information can be entered in any or all of the eight fields.

Print When
Click on the button adjacent to the report printing option desired. Select
either to print only when desired (On Demand), or automatically when exiting
the measurement Application. (When Finished)

Print What
Click on the button next to which of the three options you wish to select to
print readings. Select from All Readings in the Application file, only readings
taken during the current measurement session (i.e. before exiting the
measurement Application) or Select a Range of Readings. The range will be
defined from the drop down Header Information menu when printing the
report.

Default Report Template

Click on the SELECT REPORT button to bring up a menu of the standard
reports available in the report generator.
Click on the report you wish to specify as the default for the Application and
then click on the OPEN button. When the Print icon is clicked from an
Application, the specified measurements/statistics taken with the Application
and the header field information will print in the report.

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Stats Tab
The Stats tab is used to configure the limit feature for the Application. A
group size for the application’s statistics can be entered, and individual
specifications can be entered for each layer, or composition, or solution in the
Application. When limits are used, the Cpk parameter is added to the
statistics summary.
If the Enabled box is checked for a layer, than the readings for that layer will
be saved and included in the statistics.
Limits will be applied to the readings taken, if the Limits box is checked.
Readings outside the entered values will be identified.
The group size is specified globally for the Application and applies to all
layers.
This field indicates the number of consecutive measurements, taken with
Group Size this Application file, that will be grouped together as one point in the X-
bar, R charts.
To enable limits for a layer, click on the box so that a checkmark (√) is
Enable visible.
To use limits for a layer, click on the box so that a checkmark (√) is
Limits visible.

Low Limit Enter the value you wish to define for the lower limit.

High Limit Enter the value you wish to define for the high limit.

Base Correction Tab

The Base Correction Tab will display only when an ROI Calibration is
selected. Use this tab to enter an adjustment that compensates for
differences between the base material of the sample and the base material
used in the calibration standard. The adjustment can be from the counts
measured on the sample material, or the adjustment in counts can be
manually entered.

How to Perform a Base Correction

For a new Application, from the Parameters tab select the Calibration to be
used.
‰ Click on the Base Correction tab.
‰ Enable the Base Correction by clicking in the “Use Base Correction”
toggle box, so that a (√) becomes visible. A base correction count
table, the Video tab, and the Spectrum tab will appear.

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 ‰ If desired to manually input the correction count, enable the Use
Manual Counts box and enter the value in the Manual Counts
window.
‰ If desired to measure the sample base material for the correction,
follow Steps 5 through 7. If a manual count has been entered it will
override the measured value, only if it has been selected by placing
a (√) in the Use Base Correction toggle box.
‰ Click on the Video tab and align the sample of the new base
material under the crosshair.
‰ In the Measure Base Correction section (lower right of screen) click
on the GO button or press F2.
‰ When the measurement is complete, name and save the file.

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Statistics and Report Generator (SRG)
With your XRX System, we have included a FREE TRIAL of the new
Statistics and Report Generator software.
NOTE: This procedure must be followed before ANY APPLICATIONS ARE
CREATED.

Smartlink Setup Portion

‰ Choose Setup from the Main Menu Bar.
‰ Choose Print Header from the options displayed.
‰ Here you have the ability to input up to 8 Header Fields. Keep in
mind that it is not necessary to input all 8 fields. Use as few or many
of these as you need.

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Statistics and Report Generator Setup
‰ Run the Statistics and Report Generator Software.
‰ Click on File and then choose New from the options.

Query
It is necessary to perform a query in order to activate the report icons.
‰ Click on the Query icon which is shown to the right. In this case,
you really have nothing to query because you are not using the
Database Software. You are going to perform a simulated query in
order to create the report.
‰ Click on OK when the Query Database box appears. You will notice
that now all of the icons become active.

Add Text
This feature will allow you to add your company name, address, phone
number, etc. It is suggested to add this text at the top of the page.
‰ Click on the Add Text icon which is shown to the right.

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 ‰ Move the mouse pointer to where one of the corners of the text box
is to be located.
‰ Click and hold the left mouse button and drag the mouse arrow for
the desired size.
‰ Release the mouse button.
‰ Right click the mouse to access the Text Properties drop down
menu.
‰ Type the Text that you wish to appear on the report in the Text Tab.
‰ Making any changes to the Font on the Font Tab.
‰ Click OK to add the text into the report.

Add Field
This feature will allow you to add the Header Fields designated in SmartLink
into your report. It is suggested to add this field below the Text added in the
previous step.
‰ Click on the Add Field icon shown to the right.
‰ Place the mouse pointer to where one of the corners of the field box
is to be located.
‰ Click and hold the left mouse button and drag the mouse arrow for
the desired size.
‰ Release the mouse button.
‰ Right click the mouse to access the Field Properties drop down
menu.
‰ From the Field Tab, click on the arrow and select the desired field.
‰ From the Header Tab, enter the user defined name that you wish to
appear on the document.
‰ Change the font from the Font Tab if necessary.
‰ Click OK to apply.

Add Table - Readings

This feature allows you to designate where the measurements are to be
shown in the report. It is suggested to add the table of readings in the body
of the report.
‰ Click on the Add Table icon shown to the right.

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 ‰ Place the mouse pointer to where one of the corners of the table is
to be located.
‰ Click and hold the left mouse button and drag the mouse arrow for
the desired size.
‰ Release the mouse button.
‰ Right click the mouse to access the Tabular Chart Properties drop
down menu.
‰ From the Type Tab select the option of displaying the data as
readings.
‰ From the Results Tab select the result of POM 1: Char 1.
‰ From the Attributes Tab check the Samples option and Date/Time.
‰ Click on OK.
‰ Choose the Setting option from Main Menu options.
‰ Click on Number of Groups.
‰ Set the Number of Groups Per Page to be equal to the number of
readings you would like to appear in the table and click on OK.

Add Table - Statistics

This feature allows you to designate where a table showing a summary of the
measurements is to be displayed in the report. It is suggested to add the
statistical summary table underneath the measurements.
‰ Click on the Add Table icon shown to the right.
‰ Place the mouse pointer to where one of the corners of the table is
to be located.
‰ Click and hold the left mouse button and drag the mouse arrow for
the desired size.
‰ Release the mouse button.
‰ Right click the mouse to access the Tabular Chart Properties drop
down menu.
‰ From the Type Tab select the option of displaying the data as
statistics.
‰ From the Results Tab select the result of POM 1: Char 1.
‰ From the Attributes Tab check the following options: Mean, Range,
Minimum, Maximum, Pct(%)Dev., and Std Dev.

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 ‰ Click on OK.

Save the Report

‰ Click on File and choose Save As.
‰ Enter the name to be used to save the report file.
‰ Click on OK.

Using the Report

‰ Click on Setup from the SmartLink menu and then choose
Application.
‰ Complete the Parameters Tab as normal.
‰ Click on the Print Options Tab.
‰ Click on Select Report and locate the report which you create in
SmartDocs. Highlight this and then click on OK.
‰ Be sure to Save the Application when finished.
‰ After taking measurements in the Measurement Mode, click on the
icon.
‰ At this time you will be prompted to input the Header Field
information.
‰ Click on Continue in order to print the completed report.

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Measure
Measurement Methods
Two modes are provided for taking measurements. From the Task submenu,
or the taskbar, select either Measure Samples mode or Measure Parts mode.
The Measure Parts mode will be accessible only when the database option
has been installed.
Measure Parts – Measurements are made using the database option.
Measure Samples - Measurements are made using an Application, a
Calibration or Counts.

Measure Screen
The Measure screen is accessed by clicking on the Measure Samples icon or
the Measure Parts icon on the taskbar. All measurements are made from this
screen.
The left side of the screen displays either the Video, Spectrum or Stats tab.
The Video Tab is used to position and focus on the sample to be measured.
The Spectrum Tab is used to view the spectrum after measurements have
been made. The Stats Tab is used to view the readings, statistics, charts and
a histogram.
The right side of the screen contains the view window where the
measurements will display. Below the view window there are three selection

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 areas. 1) Select the method to be used to make measurements, 2) define a
Quick XYZ program or adjust a datum if a program has been specified, and 3)
select or modify the parameters to be used for the measurement.

Show Details
The Show Details feature controls how the readings are displayed in the view
window located on the upper right corner of the measure screen. When in
Measure Sample mode, right click the mouse anywhere in the view window to
display the Show Details drop down menu. Click on the menu to change the
display.
Measuring Thickness - When the checkmark (√) appears in the Show
Details drop down menu, the thickness, units of measure and the type of
material will display in the view window. When the checkmark is not visible,
only the thickness and the type of material will display.
Measuring Counts - When the Show Details option is enabled (checkmark
visible) the counts per minute for each material in the sample will display,
along with the tolerance. With the Show Details option disabled, only the
counts per minute will display.

Lighting Controls
The four Lighting Control icons adjust the lighting inside the X-ray chamber.
Clicking on one of the icons toggles its associated light between full on, dim
on, and off.

Z-axis
The Z-axis portion of the video screen is used for vertical movement of the
camera system to focus the X-ray beam onto the sample.
Quickly moves the camera system closer to the table.

Slowly moves the camera system closer to the table.

Quickly moves the camera system further from the table.

Slowly moves the camera system further from the table.

Focus Laser
The Focus Laser feature provides a means for focusing the camera on the
sample using a beam of laser light. The camera is in focus when the flashing
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 laser beam is positioned on the horizontal axis. Enable the focus mode by
clicking on the Focus Laser button. The lights in the chamber will dim, the
vertical crosshair will disappear and a flashing laser beam will display. If the
flashing light is not positioned on the horizontal axis the sample is out of
focus. Position the mouse cursor over the flashing laser beam and click the
left mouse button. The Z-axis will move automatically and position the
flashing beam on the horizontal axis. The chamber lights will turn on, the
vertical crosshair will become visible and the intensity slide-bar will become
inactive.

Intensity
This slide-bar control is active only when the focus laser is enabled. It
controls the intensity of the flashing laser light. Adjust the control to make the
laser readily visible.

XY Table
The XY Table portion of the video screen is used for positioning of the
sample under the X-ray beam. The following four buttons move the table in
the indicated direction in either the Manual XY Move Mode or the Jog Mode.
The table may be moved directly to any point on the sample by placing the
mouse crosshair over the desired point and clicking the left mouse button. A
Joystick Mode of table movement is also provided.
Moves the XY Table so that the back of the sample is under the crosshair.

Moves the XY Table so that the front of the sample is under the crosshair.

Moves the XY Table so that the right side of the sample is under the crosshair.

Moves the XY Table so that the left side of the sample is under the crosshair.

Jog Mode
This option toggles the method used to move the XY-Table when clicking on
the directional arrows.

Position
The Position portion of the video screen is used for moving the X, Y, and/or Z
axis to an exact set of coordinates, with relationship to the current origin.

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 This button moves the XY table to the position that has been
designated as the origin

The laser button moves the XY Table to the front of the

chamber with the door in the opened or closed position.

The radiation button moves the XY Table so that it is centered

under the X-ray beam.

This button sets the current X, Y (R, Θ) and Z-axis positions to

values of 0.00 units

Displays a window that allows entry of new coordinates, with

relationship to the current origin.

Spectrum Tab
The Spectrum Tab displays the composite spectrum of the elements in the
sample being measured.

Stats Tab
The Stats Tab provides a convenient means for viewing the readings made
with the instrument. Statistics, an X-Bar & R Charts and a histogram also are
displayed. Readings and statistics made with any of the measurement
methods can be displayed.

Measure Using
Measurements may be taken using an Application, a Calibration or Counts. If
Application or Calibration is selected, click on the Open Folder icon at the
right of the display box and select the Application file or Calibration file you
wish to use. The selected file name will appear in the display box.
Measurements will be taken using the parameters defined in the Application
or Calibration selected.
The following summarizes the features of the three methods.

Application
‰ Used to make thickness/composition measurements of samples with
an Application file.
‰ Uses the Calibration specified in the Application file.

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 ‰ Allows for measurements to be taken using either the XYZ program
specified in the Application file or a Quick XYZ Program if none is
specified.
‰ Can print the statistics in a report format selected from the Print
Options Tab.
‰ Statistics from an individual measurement session and from all of
the readings taken with the Application can be saved.

Calibration
‰ Used to check a calibration by measuring a Standard.
‰ Can be used to make thickness/composition measurements with a
Calibration file.
‰ A Quick XYZ Program can be entered and used to make a
measurement.
‰ Does not allow for use of XYZ programs.
‰ Statistics can only be printed as they display on the Stats Tab.
‰ Statistics cannot be saved.

Counts
‰ Used for material analysis by obtaining measurements in counts per
minute from a sample.
‰ Allows for selection of the collimator size, filter, and X-ray settings to
be used for the measurement.
‰ A Quick XYZ Program can be entered and used to make a
measurement.
‰ Does not allow for use of XYZ programs.
‰ The spectrum and the statistics, as they appear on the Stats Tab,
can be printed.
‰ Statistics cannot be saved.

Quick XYZ Program

The Quick XYZ Program feature is available when an Application that does
not specify a program, a Calibration or Counts mode is selected for making a
measurement. Use this option for setting up a Random, Linear, Grid or Grid
Scan pattern that is used only for the current measurement session. To set
up a Quick XYZ Program click on the Enable XYZ Program box so a

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 checkmark appears. The will cause the Quick Program menu shown below
to display.

Move to the first point to be measured and click on the Add Point button. Use
the other buttons described below to set up the rest of the program. Click on
Go to initiate the measurement routine.
Click on this button to add a point to the program. The
coordinates of the point being added are the location of
ADD A POINT the crosshairs.
Click on this button to add a line, after one point has been
defined. Specify the number of points in the line from the
ADD A LINE drop down menu.
Click on this button to add a corner of the grid, after one
point has already been defined. Specify the number of
ADD A GRID points on the X and the Y axis from the drop down menu.
Click on this button to add a corner of the grid scan area,
after one point has already been defined. Specify the
ADD A SCAN time and direction of the scan from the drop down menu.

Click on this button to delete the last point that was

DELETE POINT added.

Click on this button to preview the program without taking

CHECK measurements.

Repeat
The Repeat feature allows for taking multiple readings on a sample without
having to repeatedly click on the GO button.
Enable Repeat by clicking in its toggle box (√ visible). Doing so displays the
Repeat Measurements window. Enter the desired configuration in the
displayed fields.
Number of
Readings Type in the number of readings to be taken.

Time Between Type in the length of time, in seconds, to wait between

Readings readings.

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 When the Repeat box is turned on, clicking once on F2 will cause the unit to
take the designated number of readings.

Positioning of Sample
When taking a measurement on a sample it must first be positioned
underneath the crosshair displayed on the Video screen. The crosshair
intersection is where the X-rays are directed as they are emitted from the
collimator. Depending on the collimator selected, the shape of the point of
intersection on the Video screen will be a square, rectangle, or circle. It
represents the size of the X-ray beam when it reaches the sample.

Positioning Laser (XY units only)

When the door is open, a red dot of laser light is visible on the XY table.
Place the sample so that the red dot is shining on the area to be measured.
When the door is closed, the sample will be positioned so it is aligned under
the crosshair.

Z Axis Positioning
The collimator/detector camera system is moved along the Z-axis when
focusing on a sample. It is important to focus every time when making a
measurement, so that the camera system will always be the same distance
from the sample. This ensures that the same amounts of X-rays are reaching
the sample for every reading. When placing tall samples in the chamber, the
Z-axis should be moved out of the way to prevent hitting the x-ray
components when the door is closed.

X-Y Axis Positioning

The X and Y positions of the sample can be adjusted in several ways.

Manual XY Move Mode

The table can be moved to the desired location with the four- (4) arrow keys.
The Manual XY Move Mode is active when the Jog Mode toggle box is clear.
The table will move in the direction of the arrow until the arrow is released.
The speed of the table is controlled by the Slow - Fast slidebar.

Point and Click (XY units only)

The Point and Click feature of the X-ray allows the user to position the
sample by placing the mouse cursor crosshair over the exact spot to be

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 measured and clicking on the left mouse button. The table will automatically
move to that spot.

Simulated Joy Stick Mode (XY units only)

Press and hold the right mouse button and the mouse pointer changes to a
symbol. Moving the mouse pointer in the desired direction moves the
table. Release the right mouse button to stop the table movement.

Jog Mode
Select Jog Mode by clicking on the toggle box so that a checkmark (√)
appears, and enter the desired distance for the table movement in the widow
below. This method moves the table the entered distance with each click on
an XY directional arrow.

Making a Measurement
Use the following general procedure when making measurements.
‰ Place the sample in the chamber, position the sample under the
crosshair, and focus the video display.
‰ Measure Samples Selected - In the Measure Using section, select
the method to be used for the measurement by clicking on the
button adjacent to it.
‰ Measure Parts Selected – Select the part number from the
database that is to be used for the measurement.
‰ When using Part Number or an Application that references an XYZ
program, adjust the datum reference.
‰ When using an Application that does not specify a program, or a
Calibration, or Counts mode, a Quick XYZ Program can be setup for
the measurement session.
‰ In the Measurement Parameters section enter the appropriate
information if you choose not to use the default parameters
displayed.
‰ Click on the GO button.

Print Preview Default Report Selected

‰ Click on the Print Preview icon and SmartLink FP will open the
Report Generator program.

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 ‰ The default report that was selected when the Application or part
number was created will display.
‰ Click on the Print Preview icon in the Report Generator to view a full
page of the report.
‰ Click on the print icon in the Report Generator if you wish to print the
report.
‰ Click on the X box at the top right of the menu to close the program
and return to SmartLink FP.

Printing from an Application (Measure Samples)

‰ Click on the print icon after measurements have been completed.
‰ The Header Information drop down menu will appear.
‰ Review the information in the header data fields and make any
changes or additions desired.
‰ If the “Select a Range of Readings” option was chosen in the Print
Options Tab , a range of measurements to be printed in the report
must be entered. Measurements are selected by the reading
number, which is displayed along with the readings in the Stats Tab.
‰ Click on the CONTINUE button.
‰ If a report is specified in the Application, the Report Generator
program opens, in the background, and prints the default report.
‰ If no default report has been specified in the Print Options Tab, the
Report Generator opens so that a report can be selected.
‰ The Report Generator program will print the data from the
Application in the report selected.

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Maintenance
Maintenance Menu
The Maintenance menu, accessed from the Main Menu, allows for resetting
of certain features of the X-ray that may have changed due to outside
influences, and to maintain the various data files. It can be only be accessed
by a high level password, and is intended for use by a CMI Technician or
someone familiar with the technical operation and features of the X-ray.

File Maintenance
Allows for listing of the various data files that have been created.

Technician
This option displays the Tech Controls drop down menu. This menu is used
for diagnostic purposes by CMI technicians.

Crosshair Alignment (XY units only)

This feature is used to position the collimator so that the x-rays are directed
to the spot represented by the crosshair on the screen.

Magnification
This selection is used to adjust the magnification of the camera video image
relative to the actual dimensions of objects shown in the Video window.

Laser Offset (XY units only)

Used to adjust the positioning of the image so that the sample will be
positioned under the crosshair when aligned with the focus laser.

Usage Log
Clicking on this option displays the Usage Log drop down menu which
records the time and password used for every log-in to the instrument.

How to Perform a Crosshair Alignment

Upon selection of the Crosshair Alignment option from the Maintenance
menu, directions for this procedure will appear in the upper right corner of the
screen.

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 ‰ Obtain a crosshair alignment standard.
‰ Place the alignment standard in the chamber so that the copper is to
the left and the tin to the right.
‰ Close the door to move the standard under the collimator.
‰ Manually position the standard so that the line separating the
elements is parallel to the vertical crosshair.
‰ Align the cursor over the line separating the elements and click the
left mouse button.
‰ Click on the Go button.
‰ The unit will begin to automatically align the crosshair. If the unit is
equipped with more than one collimator, the smallest will be aligned
first. The program looks at the intensity of the peaks produced by
each element during the process. The XY table will move back and
forth until the collimator is aligned.
‰ After the unit is finished aligning each of the collimators, follow the
instructions and place the standard so that the copper appears on
top and the tin appears on the bottom of the display.
‰ Close the door to locate the standard under the collimator.
‰ Manually position the standard until the line separating the elements
is parallel to the horizontal crosshair.
‰ Align the cursor over the line separating the elements and click the
left mouse button.
‰ Click on the Go button.
‰ After the process is complete, a “Collimator Alignment Complete”
message will appear.

How to Perform a Laser Offset

To perform this function, obtain a sample with a dot or small circle that can be
viewed on the video screen. A CMI logo on a standard also will work very
well for this procedure. The instructions will appear in the upper right corner
of the screen throughout this routine.
‰ Select the Laser Offset from the Maintenance menu.
‰ Click on the Start button.
‰ Open the door.
‰ Align the positioning laser to shine in or on the chosen spot.

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 ‰ Close the door.
‰ The reference point will appear somewhere on the screen. Click on
the reference point using the mouse. The table will move the
reference point to the center of the crosshair.
‰ The offset coordinates will appear. Click on OK to accept.

Temperature
The temperature range which produces optimum performance of the XRX is
50-90 °F (10-32 °C). The unit will work at temperatures outside this range as
long as the temperature is controlled, and both calibrations and
measurements are taken at similar temperatures.

Cooling Fans
Cooling fans should be clear of obstructions. The X-ray system has cooling
fans in the rear of the X-ray chamber

Power
Power conditioners are recommended to provide maximum stability of the
input voltage. Following proper power on and power off procedures will
prolong the life of the X-ray tube.

Power On
Turn the X-ray system on in the following order:
‰ Printer
‰ X-ray chamber
‰ Computer
‰ Monitor

Power Off
Power the X-ray system down, by clicking on the X icon in the upper right
corner or by clicking on Exit-and then Yes, before turning off any of the
hardware components .
‰ Printer
‰ X-ray chamber
‰ Computer
‰ Monitor

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Annual Service
Oxford Instruments X-ray units are given a 1-year re-calibration cycle. Have
the annual calibration and preventative maintenance performed by a Oxford
Instruments Service Engineer. Call 847-439-4404 to schedule an in-field
service call.

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Glossary
Application File
An Application is one of the methods that can be used to make
measurements. An Application consists of a calibration, the parameters to be
used in taking measurements, an XYZ program and optionally the type of
report to print. These characteristics are saved in a file. The Quick XYZ
Program feature can be used, if no XYZ program has been selected.
Measurement and statistical data are also saved in the file. Applications also
are specified when setting up part numbers in the database option.

Bare Standard
A type of standard used in making a calibration. It consists of only the base
material, without any coatings.

Bins
Also referred to as channels. See Below for a description.

Calibration
A procedure for correlating readings from a specific instrument with a known
certified standard. Calibrations can be made using the Fundamental
Parameters (FP) technique or the Region of Interest (ROI) technique.

Calibration File
A Calibration consists of readings taken on standards and spectrum data,
which are stored in a file. It is used to calibrate the system for a specific type
of measurement or application, and to generate a spectrum. It can be
selected as one of the methods used to make measurements. It can be used
to take measurements on similar types of samples, to read-back known
standards to verify the accuracy of the calibration or it can be specified for
use in an Application. The Quick XYZ Program feature can be used with a
Calibration. Measurement data and statistics cannot be saved.

Channels
When channels are selected as the unit of measure for the display, the
energy of the spectrum is divided into 256 segments called channels. The
spectrum display is then converted from KeV to the corresponding channel or

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 bin number. The X axis of the graph, the regions of interest, the peak and the
pointer information will all be displayed in channel numbers.

Counts Only
One of the methods that can be used to make measurements. It is useful in
performing a material analysis of the sample. When a measurement is made,
the counts and the location in KeV of the counts are displayed. A Quick XYZ
program can be created to take the measurement, a collimator and filter can
be selected, and the X-ray tube operating parameters can be specified.
Measurement data, other than the spectrum, cannot be saved.

Counts Per Minute

Counts Per Minute is defined as the number of photons, emitted from the
sample being measured, detected in a 60-second time interval.

Current Stats
Statistics generated during the current measurement session. Also referred
to as Session Stats.

Database
The database program (Measure Parts) is an option for SmartLink FP that
can be used to make measurements and store them in a relational database,
along with user entered information. A relational database consists of
information stored in records and fields. Fields identify a specific category or
type of information. Records are grouped in the database by each part
number field and contain all of the measurements and data that relate to that
specific part number

Datum Point
A Datum Point is the reference location, or coordinates, for the points of
measurement defined in a pattern or a program. It should be a readily
identifiable feature of a part so that it can be found easily during the
positioning process.

Fundamental Parameters (FP)

A technique for mathematically analyzing the raw X-ray measurement data to
determine spectral information, coating thickness, alloy composition, or
solution concentration. The algorithms are contained in the SmartLink FP

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 operating system software. Determined by the type of calibration that is
selected.

Infinite Standard (Infinites)

A type of standard used in making a calibration. It consists of a sample of
either a pure element, or an alloy composition sample, or the solvent for a
solution. I.e. An infinitely thick sample.

KeV
When KeV is selected as the unit of measurement for the display, the
spectrum, the x-axis of the graph, the regions of interest, the peak, and the
pointer information will all be displayed in units of KeV. The system defaults
to units of KeV.

Method of Measurement
Measurements may be taken using either the Measure Samples Mode or the
Measure Parts Mode (if the database option is installed).
The Measure Samples Mode uses one of three methods. Select either an
Application or a Calibration for measurement, or select to measure using
Counts only. Follow the procedure for the method selected.
The Measure Parts (database) option allows for taking measurements as
defined in the part numbers that have been setup in the database.

Part Number
Part Number is the name of the field in the database that is used to group
information. Use it to identify a specific part, a process, a customer, or any
other category that you wish to group information under.

Password Maintenance Program

Passwords are controlled through Password Maintenance, which is a
separate program accessed independently from SmartLink FP. To access
Password Maintenance click on START, then move the mouse arrow through
PROGRAMS to CMI and finally click on "PASSWORD MAINT." Enter your
password to access the program.

Pattern Datum Point

A selected reference point on a sample or area, which will become the datum
point for the XYZ Pattern that is to be performed.

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Region of Interest (ROI)
A technique for mathematically analyzing the raw X-ray measurement data to
determine spectral information, coating thickness, alloy composition, or
solution concentration. The algorithms are contained in the SmartLink FP
operating system software. Determined by the type of calibration that is
selected.

Report Generator
Report generator is an optional program that creates custom reports, which
are used to print measurement data made with SmartLink FP. Readings and
statistical information from an Application file or from the database can be
selected and printed. Graphical information and screen captures can also be
included in the reports.

Session Stats
Statistics generated during the current measurement session. Also referred
to as Current Stats.

Standards
Standards are samples of the base materials, coatings, alloys, and/or
solutions where the values of the thickness’, compositions, and/or
concentrations are certified in accordance with procedures of the National
Institute of Standards and Technology.

Thickness/Composition/Concentration Standard
A type of standard used in making a calibration. It consists of either a coating
of a known thickness, or an alloy of a known composition, or a solution of a
known concentration.

XYZ Pattern
A file consisting of a collection of coordinates referenced to a datum point or
origin that locate points where measurements will be made. Patterns can be
random, linear, grid or grid scan arrangements.

XYZ Program
A file consisting of one or more XYZ patterns referenced to a program datum
point(s) that can be specified in an Application and used to make
measurements. Programs can be random, linear or grid arrangements.

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System Operation
Before the X-ray system can be used to make measurements calibrations
must be performed. The SmartLink FP operating system provides a choice of
two mathematical techniques for analyzing the raw measurement data and
calculating the thickness of the coating layers or determining the composition
and elements of the sample being measured. These techniques are
identified as Fundamental Parameters (FP) and Region of Interest (ROI). A
decision of which technique to use has to be made when setting up a
calibration. This decision is determined by the type of materials, the specific
application and the desired objectives or goals. Call CMI Technical Support
and we will help you determine which technique will best meet your needs.

Calibrations
A calibration is a means of correlating the readings of an instrument with
certified standards. A calibration consists of specifying parameters, taking
measurements on known standards, and then saving the associated
spectrum and data in a Calibration file. A calibration file must be setup for
each type of coating(s), alloy(s), or solution(s) that you wish to measure.
Select the type of calibration, FP or ROI, that you wish to use. The
Calibration Type must be selected when making an ROI Calibration, or the
elements to be included must be selected when making an FP calibration.
Then the parameters are defined and the required standards identified in the
standards table are measured. The Calibration Flowchart provides an
overview of the process of making a Calibration, for whichever technique you
select

Applications
Once calibrations have been performed, it is suggested that applications be
created for each of the parts or processes you wish to measure. Using
simple programming steps, XYZ Patterns and XYZ Programs can be created
which will greatly simplify and automate the taking of readings. A program, a
calibration file and other parameters can be specified and saved as an
Application file. This Application can then be used each time a part or
process is to be measured.
Measurements and statistics are saved with each Application. They can be
viewed on the Stats tab and/or printed in a report. The Application Flowchart
provides an overview of the process of setting up an Application.

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Database
A database option is available for SmartLink FP. With this option,
measurements, statistics and other operator-entered information are stored in
a relational database. Information and measurements are grouped in a field
in the database named part number. Each part number is made up of one or
more Applications. A default report can be selected and used to print the
data in. By selecting one part number from the database, you can
automatically execute many Applications, making measurements of different
coatings at programmed locations on the part. Readings can be tagged to
mark events that occurred during the measurement session.
Before the database can be used, it must be setup with special software tools.
Once the database has been setup, part numbers can then be created from
the existing Applications. Refer to the Database Maintenance menu for
details on how to setup part numbers and use the database.

Measurements
Measurements are made using the Measure Parts mode, if the database
option is installed, or by selecting one of the three methods in the Measure
Samples mode.
When the database option is installed, SmartLink FP can be used to make
measurements before the database is setup. From the Taskbar or the Task
submenu Menu, select Measure Samples. An Application, a Calibration, or
Counts may be used to make measurements from the Measure Samples
screen.

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