MUKTADHARA NURSING

INSTITUTION
LESSON PLAN
ON
NURSING PROCESS
NURSING FOUNDATION
PB B.SC I YEAR
Name of the institution : MUKTADHARA NURSING INSTITUTION

Programme : PB B.SC I YEAR

Year : I YEAR

Subject : NURSING FOUNDATION

Unit :

Topic : Nursing Process

Date :

Time :

Duration : 45min

Venue : Lecture hall

No. of students : 18

Previous knowledge of the students : Students may have knowledge regarding nursing process

Methods of teaching :

A.V Aids : Charts, Hand outs, Pamphlet, Leaflets, Roller board,

Name of the evaluator :

Name of the student teacher :

 GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

The students will be able to gain knowledge on nursing process to develop desirable attitude skills and
implement while practicing in all settings.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the class students will be able to:

• define nursing process
• list out the critical thinking skills
• narrate the components of nursing process
• explain the assessment of nursing process
• state the process of data collection and its method
• discuss the diagnosis of nursing process
• enumerate the planning of nursing process
• illustrate the implementation of nursing process
• explain the evaluation of nursing process

Sl. Tim Specific Content Teacher Student Av .aids Evaluation

no e Objectiv activity s
e activity
BRINGING EDUCATION BACK INTO LIFE
1 5mi To INTRODUCTION: Lecture Listenin
n introduc Nurses face endless verity of situations. In every clinical g
e the
situation it is important for a nurse to think critically and
topic
make sound judgments, so that the client ultimately receives
the best nursing care. The nursing process is a variation of
scientific reasoning that allows nurses to organize and
systematic nursing practice. The nurse makes inferences
about the meaning of a client’s response to health problems
or generalizes about the client’s functional state of health. A
pattern will begin to form and the nurse continues to collect
more information elaborating it into a nursing process using
her/his critical thinking skills. Critical thinking is an active,
organized, cognitive process used to carefully examine one’s
thinking and the thinking of others. It is more than just
problem solving, it is an attempt to continually improve, how
to apply oneself when faced with problems in client care.
BLOCK BASED LEARNING:
Block based learning is a dedicated learning of one subject at
a time; focuses on more immersed learning. For Ex:
Teaching /learning module is prepared for one topic in one
unit
Block based learning is a dedicated learning of one subject at
 a time
Program : .M.Sc (N)
Year : Ist Year M.Sc(N)
Subject : Advance nursing practice

Unit : VII

2 5mi The DEFINITION:

n students The nursing process is a problem solving approach used by Lecture Listenin Roller Define the
will be nurses to meet the need of the client. It is a deliberate method g board nursing
able to process?
that relies on the use of cognitive, interpersonal and
define
psychomotor skills.
1. The nursing process is used to identify, diagnose and
treat human responses to health and illness. It is a
dynamic continuous process, which allows a nurse to
modify care as the clients need changes the use of
nursing process promotes individualized nursing care
and assist the nurse to respond to client’s needs in a
timely and reasonable manner.
A/C to ANA
2. Nursing process as a set of actions to assist the clients
in maintaining optimal wellness.
A/C to Yura and Walse

3. 5mi The CRITICAL THINKIG SKILLS Lecture Listenin White List out
 n students  Self-regulation: g board the critical
will be thinking
- Review your methods and correct any problems
able to skills?
mention identified.
the
 Explanation:
critical
thinking - Make sure you have support in your conclusions
skills
and use experiential knowledge and scientific
bases.
 Evaluation:
- Be objective in nursing action that need to perform.
 Inference:
- Look for relationships within information you have
collected.
 Analysis:
- Be open minded and do not make imaginations.
 Interpretation: Collect and clarify data in an orderly
fashion.

STEPS OF NURSING PROCESS:

4 5mi The Lecture Listenin Handou Enumerate
 n students 1. Assessment g ts the
will be 2. Nursing diagnosis componen
able to 3. Planning ts of
list out nursing
4. Implementation
the process ?
compone 5. Evaluation
nt of
nursing I. Assessment: Assessment is the systematic and
process continuous collection, organization, validation, and
documentation of data (information).

5 5mi The Types of assessment Lecture Listenin leaflet Explain

n students The four different types of assessments are; g the
will be assessmen
able to i. Initial nursing assessment t process?
illustrate ii. Problem-focused assessment
the
symptom iii. Emergency assessment
s of iv. Time-lapsed reassessment
poisonin
g 1. Initial nursing assessment: Performed within specified
time after admission. To establish a complete database for
problem identification. E g: Nursing admission assessment
2. Problem-focused assessment: To determine the status of
a specific problem identified in an earlier assessment. E g:
 hourly checking of vital signs off ever patient.
3. Emergency assessment: During emergency situation to
identify any life threatening situation.
E g: Rapid assessment of an individual’s airway, breathing
status, and circulation
during a cardiac arrest.
4. Time-lapsed reassessment: Several months after initial
assessment. To compare the client’s current health status
with the data previously obtained
6 5mi The COLLECTION OF DATA: Lecture Listenin Chart State the
n students g process of
will be Data collection is the process of gathering information about data
able to a client’s health status. It includes the health history, physical collection
enlist the and its
process examination, results of laboratory and diagnostic tests, and methods ?
of data material contributed by other health personnel.
collectio
n and its Types of Data
methods Two types: subjective data and objective data.
1. Subjective data, also referred to as symptoms or covert
data, are clear only to the person affected and can be
described only by that person. Itching, pain, and feelings of
worry are examples of subjective data.
2. Objective data, also referred to as signs or overt data, are
detectable by an observer or can be measured or tested
against an accepted standard. They can be seen, heard, felt,
or smelled, and they are obtained by observation or physical
examination.
Example: a discoloration of the skin or a blood pressure
reading is objective data.
Sources of Data
Sources of data are primary or secondary.
1. Primary: It is the direct source of information. The client
is the primary source
of data.
2. Secondary: It is the indirect source of information. All
sources other than the client are considered secondary
sources. Family members, health professionals, records and
reports, laboratory and diagnostic results are secondary
sources.
Methods of data collection
• The methods used to collect data are
 Observation
 Interview
 Examination
 Observation: It is gathering data by using the senses.
Vision, Smell and Hearing are used.
 Interview: An interview is a planned communication or a
conversationwith a purpose.
There are two approaches to interviewing:
 Directive
 Nondirective.
• Directive interview is highly structured and directly asks
the questions and the nurse controls the interview.
• Nondirective interview or rapport building interview and
the nurse allows the client to control the interview.
STAGES OF AN INTERVIEW
An interview has three major stages:
1. The opening or introduction
2. The body or development
3. The closing
Examination :
The physical examination is a systematic data collection
method todetect health problems. To conduct the
examination, the nurse uses techniques of inspection,
palpation, percussion and auscultation.
Organization of data
 The nurse uses a format that organizes the assessment
data systematically.
 This is often referred to as nursing health history or
nursing assessment form.
Validation of data
 The information gathered during the assessment is
“double-checked” or verified to confirm that it is
accurate and complete
Documentation of data
 To complete the assessment phase, the nurse records
client data.
 Accurate documentation is essential and should
include all data collected about the client’s health
 status.
DIAGNOSIS:
7 5mi The Lecture Listenin Handou Explain
n students a clinical judgment concerning a human response to health g ts the
will be nursing
conditions/life processes, or a vulnerability for that response,
able to diagnosis
enumerat by an individual, family, group, or community ?
e the
Status of the Nursing Diagnosis
steps of
nursing The status of nursing diagnosis are actual, health promotion
diagnosi
and risk.
s
1. An actual diagnosis: Is a client problem that is
present at the time of the nursing assessment.
2. A health promotion diagnosis: Relates to clients’
preparedness to improve their health condition.
3. A risk nursing diagnosis: Is a clinical judgment that a
problem does not exist, but the presence of risk factors
indicates that a problem may develop if adequate care
is not given.

Components of a NANDA
Nursing Diagnosis
A nursing diagnosis has three components:
(1) The problem and its definition
(2) The etiology
(3) The defining characteristics

1.The problem statement: Describes the client’s health

problem.
2. The etiology: Component of a nursing diagnosis identifies
causes of the health problem.
3. Defining characteristics: Are the cluster of signs and
symptoms that indicate the presence of health problem
Formulating Diagnostic Statements
The basic three-part nursing diagnosis statement is called the
PES format and
includes the following:
Problem (P): statement of the client’s health problem
(NANDA label) 2. Etiology (E): causes of the health
problem
3. Signs and symptoms (S): definingcharacteristics
 manifested by the client.
PLANNING
Planning involves decision making and problem solving. Lecture Listenin Demons Enumerate
8. 5mi The g tration the step of
• It is the process of formulating client goals and designing
n students planning ?
will be the nursing interventions required to prevent, reduce, or
able list
eliminate the client’s health problems
out the
step of TYPES OF PLANNING
planning
1. Initial Planning
2. Ongoing Planning
Explain
3. Discharge Planning
the
Initial Planning: Planning which is done after the implement
ation?
initial assessment.
Ongoing Planning: It is a continuous planning.
Discharge Planning:: Planning for needs after discharge
Planning process. Planning includes:
 Setting priorities
 Establishing client goals/desired outcomes
 Selecting nursing interventions and activities
 Writing individualized nursing interventions on care
 plans.
Setting priorities
 The nurse begin planning by deciding which nursing
diagnosis requires attention first, which second, and so
on.
 Nurses frequently use Maslow’s hierarchy of needs when
setting priorities. Establishing client goals/desired
Outcomes:
• After establishing priorities, the nurse set goals for each
nursing diagnosis. Goals
may be short term or long term Nursing interventions A
nursing intervention is any Treatment that a nurse performs
to improve patient’s health.
TYPES OF NURSING INTERVENTIONS
1. Independent interventions: Are those activities that
nurses are licensed to initiate on the basis of their knowledge
and skills.
2. Dependent interventions: Are activities carried out under
the orders or supervision of a licensed physician.
 3. Collaborative interventions: Are actions the nurse
carries out in collaboration with other health team members
Writing Individualized Nursing Interventions
• After choosing the appropriate nursing interventions, the
nurse writes them on the care plan.
• Nursing care plan is a written or computerized information
about the client’s care.
IMPLEMENTATION:
Implementation consists of doing and documenting the
activities.
The process of implementation includes;
• Implementing the nursing interventions
• Documenting nursing activities

EVALUATION
Evaluation is a planned, ongoing, purposeful activity in
9 5mi The Lecture Listenin Board Enumerate
n students which the nurse determines cum g the
will be discussi evaluation
(a) The client’s progress toward achievement of
able to on process?
mention goals/outcomes and
the
(b) The effectiveness of the nursing care plan
process
of The evaluation includes;
evaluatio
• Comparing the data with desired outcomes
n
• Continuing, modifying, or terminating the nursing care
plan.
REFLECTIVE LEARNING:
Fill in the blanks
1. what is mean by the nursing process ------------
2. list out the components of nursing process -------------
3. list out the types of assessment --------
4. what are the sources of data collection -----------
5. Define the evaluation ------------

KEY:
1. Nursing process is a systematic method of providing care
to clients.
2.assessment ,nursing diagnosis, planning,
implementation, and evaluation
3.Initial nursing assessment, Problem-focused assessment,
Emergency assessment, Time-lapsed reassessment
4. Sources of data are primary and secondary.
5.Evaluation is a planned, ongoing, purposeful activity in
which the nurse
RESEARCH BASED LEARNING:
The nursing process is a systematic method of planning,
delivering, and evaluating individualized care for clients in
any state of health or illness. Many countries have adopted
the nursing process as the standard of care to guide nursing
practice; however, the problem is its implementation. If
nurses fail to carry out the necessary nursing care through the
nursing process; the effectiveness of patient progress may be
compromised and can lead to preventable adverse events.his
study was aimed to assess the implementation of nursing
process and associated factors among nurses working in
selected hospitals of central and northwest zones of Tigray,
Ethiopia, 2015.A cross sectional observational study design
was utilized. Data was collected from 200 participants using
structured self-administered questionnaire which was
contextually adapted from standardized, reliable and
validated measures. Data were summarized and described
using descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic
regression was used to determine the relationship of
independent and dependent variable. Then, finally, data were
presented in tables, graphs, frequency percentage of different
variables. Seventy (35%) of participants have implemented
nursing Different factors showed significant association. The
nurses with an educational level of BSc. Degree were 6.972
times more likely to implement the nursing process than
those who were diploma qualified .Nurses with no consistent
material supply to use the nursing process were 95.1% less
likely to implement the nursing process than nurses with
consistent material supply. The majority of the participants
were not implementing the nursing process properly. There
are many factors that hinder them from applying the nursing
process of which level of education, knowledge of nurses,
skill of nurses, atmosphere of the work place, shortage of
material supply to use the nursing process and high number
of patient load were .
INTERNET BASED LEARNING:
 https://europepmc.org/abstract/med/28932170
 https://www.google.com/search?
q=nursing+process+absract&oq=nursing+process+abs
ract&aqs=chrome..69i57j33.27695j1j7&sourceid=chro
me&ie=UTF-8
 https://www.slideshare.net/binuenchappanal/nursing-
process-59359705
INTER ACTIVE LEARNING:
Total batch divided into three groups given 1st group, 2 nd
group, 3rd group discussed regarding the nursing process in
their own knowledge.
ASSIGNMENT: 10MARKS
Write assignment on methods of data collection ?
CAPSTONE LEARNING:
Students write their own knowledge related to nursing
process in 200 words.

SUPERVISED LEARNING:
Total batch divided into three groups given 1st group
 (components of nursing process), 2nd group (types of
assessment ), 3rd group (methods of data collection), and
discussed regarding nursing process in 100 words of their
own knowledge.
SUMMATIVE EVALUATION:
It comprises continuous:
 Conducting online tutorials,
 Weekly exams,
 Online quiz,
 Final term exams,
 Projects,
 University exams

SUMMARY:
Nursing is an art and science that considers the client in a holistic manner. Nursing process is an orderly problem
solving approach to nursing care consists of 5 steps: assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation.
Nursing process is a dynamic process that has evolved to meet needs of the client in a changing health care
environment.
CONCLUSION:
A profession dedicated for the quality of its service to patients constitutes the heart of its responsibility to the
public an audit helps to ensure that the quality of nursing care desired and feasible is achieved. This concept is
often referred to as quality assurance.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:

TEACHER’S REFERENCES:

 TAYLOR, FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING, THE ART AND SCIENCE OF PERSON-CENTERED NURSING CARE, PUBLISHED
BY WOLTERS KLUWER PUBLISHERS, 8TH EDITION PAGE NO: 1150- 1155.
 CRVEN RUTH.F, FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING, 4TH EDITION PAGE NO: 1531-1534.

STUDENT’S REFERENCES:

 TAYLOR, FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING, THE ART AND SCIENCE OF PERSON-CENTERED NURSING CARE, PUBLISHED
BY WOLTERS KLUWER PUBLISHERS, 8TH EDITION PAGE NO: 1150-1155.
 CRVEN RUTH.F, FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING, 4TH EDITION PAGE NO: 1531-1534.

JOURNAL REFERENCES:
 https://www.magonlinelibrary.com/doi/abs/10.12968/bjha.2017.11.8.388
 https://www.nursingworld.org/practice-policy/workforce/what-is-nursing/the-nursing-process/

NET REFERENCES:

 https://europepmc.org/abstract/med/28932170
 https://www.google.com/search?
q=nursing+process+absract&oq=nursing+process+absract&aqs=chrome..69i57j33.27695j1j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
 https://www.slideshare.net/binuenchappanal/nursing-process-59359705