PERIODONTICS QUESTION BANK

ESSAYS:30

SHORT NOTES:125

CHAP-1 GINGIVA
Essays:
1. Define gingiva. Compare and contrast the clinical and
histological features of normal gingiva with the
histopathological features of chronic gingivitis.
2. Define gingiva. Describe the clinical and microscopic
features of gingiva.
Short notes:
1. Classification-gingival fibres
2. Width of attached gingiva
3. Junctional epithelium
4. Gingival sulcus
5. Biological width
6. Role of mast cells in gingiva

CHAP-2 TOOTH SUPPORTING STRUCTURES

Essays:
1. Define and classify cementum. Add a note on cemental
repair and resorption.
2. Describe the structure of cementum and add a note on
cementoenamel junction.
3. Discuss periodontal ligament in detail.
Short notes:
1. Periodontal ligament fibres
2. Bundle bone
3. CEJ
 4. Causes of hypercementosis
5. Hypercementosis
6. Cellular and acellular cementum
7. Lamina dura

CHAP-3
Essay:
1. Discuss the composition and significance of GCF.
Short notes:
1. GCF-Composition, methods of collection
2. Role of saliva in defense mechanism
3. Functions of saliva

CHAP-4
1. Age changes in periodontium

CHAP-5
Essay:
1. Classify periodontal diseases and conditions affecting
periodontium.
Short notes:
1. Mucogingival deformity(chap-51)

CHAP-6
Short notes:
1. Russell’s periodontal index
CHAP-7
Short notes:
1. Cytokines
2. Interleukins
3. Transendothelial migration

CHAP-8
Essays:
1. Define plaque. Describe the role of bacteria in the
pathogenesis of periodontal disease.
2. Classify plaque. Write about classification, composition
and formation of plaque.
Short notes:
1. Plaque hypothesis
2. Supragingival and subgingival plaque
3. Specific plaque hypothesis
4. Coaggregation
5. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

CHAP-9
Short notes:
1. Smoking in periodontal health

CHAP-10
Essays:
1. Discuss the risk factors associated with periodontitis.
(chap-9)
 2. Define dental calculus. Enumerate the theories of dental
calculus.
Short notes:
1. Composition and modes of attachment of calculus
2. Supragingival and subgingival calculus
3. Food impaction (pg.215)

CHAP-11
Essays:
1. Write in detail the systemic diseases causing periodontal
manifestations.
Short notes:
1. Role of stress in periodontitis
2. Psychosomatic disorders

CHAP-12
Short notes:
1.Stages of gingival inflammation

CHAP-13
Essays:
1. Discuss the causes of gingival bleeding and its
management.
Short notes:
1. Stages in gingivitis
2. Gingival bleeding
3. Stillman’s clefts
CHAP-14
Essays:
1. Classify gingival enlargement. Write in detail about
management of drug induced enlargement.
2. Classify gingival enlargement. Discuss about idiopathic
enlargement
Short notes:
1. Drug-induced gingival overgrowth.
2. Treatment of plasma cell gingivitis
3. Plasma cell gingivitis
4. Scurvy
5. Vitamin C

CHAP-15
Essays:
1. Discuss histopathology, clinical features and treatment of
ANUG.
Short notes:
1. Etiology of ANUG
2. Recurrent aphthous ulcer/stomatitis
3. Pericoronitis

CHAP-16
Short notes:
1. Desquamative gingivitis
CHAP-17
Essay:
1. Define periodontal pocket. Discuss classification,
pathogenesis, histopathology, contents and management
of pocket.
Short notes:
1. Suprabony vs infrabony pockets
2. Root surface changes in periodontal pocket
3. Contents and classification of periodontal pockets

CHAP-18
Short notes:
1. Gingival abscess
2. Periodontal abscess

CHAP-19
1. Osseous craters
2. Patterns of bone destruction
3. Bone lipping-(Peripheral buttressing bone formation may
cause bulging of bone contour termed as lipping which
accompanies the production of osseous craters and
angular defects)
4. Intraosseous defects

CHAP-20
Short notes:
1. Acute and chronic trauma from occlusion
2. Causes of Pathological tooth migration (refer chap-25
also)
CHAP-21
Essay:
1. Discuss etiology, histopathology, clinical features and
treatment of adult periodontitis.
Short notes:
1. Clinical features of chronic periodontitis

CHAP-22
Essay:
1. Discuss etiology, histopathology, clinical features and
treatment of aggressive periodontitis

CHAP-23
Short notes:
1. AIDS and periodontitis
2. Linear gingival erythema

CHAP-24
Essay:
1. Define periodontal medicine. Discuss effects of
periodontal diseases on systemic health.
Short note:
1. Diabetes as a risk factor in periodontal disease.
CHAP-25
Short notes:
1. Tooth mobility
2. Miller’s mobility index
3. Wasting diseases of teeth

CHAP-27
Short notes:
1. Risk indicators
2. Risk assessment

CHAP-28
Essays:
1. Discuss the various factors considered to determine
prognosis.
2. Define prognosis. Discuss in detail the role of determining
prognosis in the management of periodontal disease.

CHAP-29
Short notes:
1. Define new attachment and repair
2. Treatment planning
3. Factors affecting healing of periodontal wounds

CHAP-30
Short notes:
1. Antibiotic prophylaxis for infective endocarditis
CHAP-32
Short notes:
1. Management of ANUG

CHAP-35
Essay:
1.Define plaque control. Write about mechanical plaque control.
Short notes:
1. Oral physiotherapy/oral hygiene
2. Chemical plaque control
3. Dentifrices
4. Chlorhexidine
5. Disclosing agents
6. Interdental brushes
7. Management of dentinal hypersensitivity (refer grossman
pg.104)

CHAP-36
Short notes:
1. Gracey curettes
2. Universal curettes
3. Curettes
4. Sharpening of instruments
5. Sickle scalers
6. Second generation periodontal probes.
7. DNA probes
8. Polishing instruments
CHAP-37
Short notes:
1. Scaling and root planning
2. Scaling instruments(chap-36)
3. Ultrasonics

CHAP-38
Short notes:
1. Role of tetracylines in periodontal diseases.
2. Metronidazole
3. Periochip

CHAP-39
Short notes:
1. Host modulation therapy
2. Local drug delivery

CHAP-40
1. Periodontal splints

CHAP-41
1. Halitosis
2. Methods of identification of oral malodor
3. Etiology of oral malodor

CHAP-44
1. Periodontal dressings/packs
CHAP-45
Essay:
1. Define gingivectomy. Describe in detail its indications and
surgical procedure.
Short notes:
1. Gingivectomy
2. Excisional new attachment procedure/ENAP

CHAP-46
Essay:
1. Define and classify periodontal flap. Discuss the modified
Widman flap in detail.
Short notes:
1. Suturing materials
2. Papilla preservation flap
3. Healing after flap surgery

CHAP-48
Essay:
1. Enumerate the periodontal osseous defects(chap-19)
Describe resective osseous surgery.
Short notes:
1. Osteoplasty and ostectomy
CHAP-49
Essays:
1. Classify bone grafts. Describe the various types of bone
grafts used in periodontics.
2. Define gingival recession(chap-1) Classify. Detail about
lateral repositioning flap surgery. (refer e-book pg.2634)

Short notes:
1. Autogenous bone grafts
2. Osseous grafts
3. Bone blend
4. Alloplasts
5. Guided tissue regeneration
6. Classification of soft tissue grafts in periodontal therapy
7. Root surface biomodification
8. Frenectomy /frenotomy (refer e-book pg.2652)-
Frenectomy and frenotomy refer to surgical procedures
that differ in degree. Frenectomy is complete removal of
the frenum, including its attachment to underlying bone
and may be required in the correction of an abnormal
diastema between the maxillary central incisors.
Frenotomy is the relocation of the frenum, usually in a
more apical position.
Procedure:
Step 1. After anesthetizing the area, engage the frenum with a
hemostat inserted to the depth of the vestibule.
Step 2. Incise along the upper surface of the hemostat,
extending beyond the tip.
Step 3. Make a similar incision along the undersurface of the
hemostat.
Step 4. Remove the triangular resected portion of the frenum
with the hemostat. This exposes the underlying fibrous
attachment to the bone.
Step 5. Make a horizontal incision, separating the fibers and
bluntly dissect to the bone.
Step 6. If necessary, extend the incisions laterally and suture
the labial mucosa to the apical periosteum. A gingival graft or
connective tissue graft is placed over the wound.
Step 7. Clean the surgical field with gauze sponges until
bleeding stops.
Step 8. Cover the area with dry aluminium foil and apply the
periodontal dressing.
Step 9. Remove the dressing after 2 weeks and redress if
necessary. One month is usually required for the formation of
an intact mucosa with the frenum attached in its new position.
CHAP-50
Essay:
1. Define furcation involvement. Discuss its
classification(pg.219) and management.
Short notes:
1. Furcation management
2. Grade 2 furcation involvement.
3. Hemisection (Refer e-book pg.2598)- Hemisection is the
splitting of a two-rooted tooth into two separate portions.
This process has been called bicuspidization or separation
because it changes the molar into two separate roots.
Hemisection is most likely to be performed on mandibular
molars with buccal and lingual class II or III furcation
involvements.

CHAP-51
Essay:
1. Define mucogingival surgery. Write about various
procedures and discuss about management of gingival
recession.
Short notes:
1. Miller’s classification of gingival recession(pg.565)
2. Etiology of gingival recession
SHORT NOTES:
CHAP-52
1. Periodontal microsurgery

CHAP-53
1. Lasers in periodontics

CHAP-57
1. Supportive periodontal therapy and its significance.
2. Maintenance therapy

CHAP-58
1. Osseointegration

CHAP-62
1. Peri-implantitis

NO ANSWER- Periotemp