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Basic LTE Questions

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129 views12 pages

Basic LTE Questions

Uploaded by

dharmeshjha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What are LTE Interfaces?

What are LTE Network elements?

What are the possible causes of RRC Re-Establishment?


HO Fail, Other, Re Configuration Failure

What is resource block in LTE and TTI/Scheduling block?

What is the difference between LTE FDD and LTE TDD?


What is main frequency band for LTE in your network?

850 MHz
1800 Mhz

What is the typical cell range of LTE?


8km – 10km
What is TA?
1 TA = 78m

For HO, pls. explain me the difference between HO via X2 and S1?

Please explain me about QoS and Scheduling in LTE?

How to shift traffic in idle and connected mode?


In idle -114dBm reselect to 3G provided 3G is better than -100dBm
In connected A2 trigger at -114dBm provided B2 i

How PDCCH Power Boost Works? Can we use PDCCH Power Boost for Coverage? How will it work?

What is RS power in your network and what are Pa, Pb settings?


RS 18.2
Pa-3 & Pb1 Coverage
Pa = 0 & Pb= 0 Capacity

How to improve throughput and SINR?

What is PCI mod 3 and PCI mod 30? How they are different from PCI mod 6?

Mode 3 DL
Mode 30 UL
Mode 6 IBS

What are the top issues of ERAB drop Rate?


PDCCH Decoding issue, Max UL Re-Transmissions, Max DL Re-Transmissions, T304 expiry

What is difference between Redirect and HO? Explain their types

In HO RAB shifts from 4G to 3G.


In Redirection RAB breaks and makes again

How to improve HO in DT?


Ping-Pong

How you identify UL interference?


What major KPIs have you been analyzing most?

Accessibility - CSSR
Mobility - HO
Integrity – Throughput

What is the average CQI of your network?


9 CQI

CQI Range 0 to 15 (good is better than 9)


SINR Range -20 to 30 (good is better than 8)

How do you relate SINR with THP?

What is optimum latency for LTE? What are your contractual values?
25-30ms
Over the air 4-5ms (time taken by enode to schedule packet for UE)
E2E latency

What are different types of bearers in LTE? And between which interfaces they actually exist?

What kind of Events are available in LTE Inter-Freq, Intra Freq , IRAT ?
7 type of events are available can be classified broadly as 3 for intra frequency (A1, A2 and A3) 2 for
interfrequency (A4 and A5) and 2 for IRAT (B1 and B2)
A1 when serving cell become better than threshold
A2 when serving cell become worst than threshold
A3 when Nr cell becomes better than serving cell by an offset
A4 when Nbr cells become better than threshold in case of inter-Freq
B1 when 3G cell becomes better than threshold
B2 when serving cell becomes worst than threshold 1 while Nbr cell becomes better than threshold 2

A4 = B1
A5 = B2

What if X2 interface is not present how handover will take place?


It will take place through S1 interface.

What are the range of SINR, RSRP, RSRQ, MCS and CQI values?
What are the drive test/field KPIs? What is RSSI, RSRP and RSRQ?

Given below are field kpis in good to bad order e-g 0,-140 means toward 0 its good and towards
-140 its poor
Field KPI Contractual Value Network Value
RSRP( 0 , -140) ,
RSRQ ( 0 ,- 30),
SINR (40, -30 ),
RI ( 2,1)
MCS(QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM),
CQI(0-15)

What are the thresholds for LTE -> 3G and 3G -> LTE HO and reselection?

Field KPI Idle Connected


LTE - > 3G 114DBm 114DBM
3G -> LTE BETTER 108

What is CS Fallback in LTE?

Which CSFB strategy you are currently using and what type of strategies are currently available.
What is the additional time appeared in CST due to CSFB? How you are planning to cater this?
Roughly 2.5 seconds extra time will be taken in case of CSFB because UE have to read System
information after CSFB

What is the current Call Setup Time of your network without CSFB?
Call setup time is ~5.5 to 6 sec with 2G (6.5 secs for Warid)

Can you reduce additional CSFB time?


Yes by using RIM Feature

What is RRC Connected state? What are the states in LTE?


RRC Connected, when it has a RRC connection with a given eNB
RRC IDLE when it has no valid RRC link with any eNB.
What is Inactivity timer?
After expiry of Inactivity timer UE moves from RRC connected state to RRC Idle state.

How many states a UE can have?


There are 2 UE stats i.e. UE Idle and UE Connect.
UE can either be on Connected or on Idle state at a time.
Please note that UE Idle/Connected and RRC Idle/Connected means the same .

What is TAC and TAL?’


TAC is similar to Location area in 2G only difference is in LTE UE page on TAL (Combination of TACs)
instead of one TAC

What is PCI?
It is physical cell id used as identifier of sector 0 to 504 different values

How many sites do you have currently in your network?


What is the theoretical Throughput vs. Current throughput of your network?
What's the maximum throughput we can achieve from LTE?
What features you are looking for in LTE in near future?
Multi Target RRC Re-Establishment, Fast Return to LTE, RIM , ANR, 4 Way Receive Diversity etc.

What common type of issues you faced during Network Roll out phase?
CSFB issues due to LAC TAC mismatch
Capacity issues, transmission bottlenecks.

Which technique is used in DL and UL in LTE?


What is OFDMA? How it is different from TDMA and FDMA?
Difference between OFDM and OFDMA
Draw frame structure of Uplink and Downlink
What are different type of channels and what are their roles? Explain Downlink Channels
PBCH is decoded first or PSS/SSS? What are contents of PBCH?

Channel Role Comments


DL Time Synchronization Synchronization signals are
Freq Synchronization transmitted twice per 10 ms radio
frame. The PSS is located in the last
Cell ID
OFDM symbol of the first and 11th
PSS and SSS
slot of each radio frame which
Access Mode allows the UE to acquire the slot
boundary timing independent of the
type of cyclic prefix length
After Decoding PSS and SSS UE can also decode the PBCH System BW, 8 Bit Frame number &
other imp info transmitted in
System BW MIB.The MIB is coded at a very low
PBCH
coding rate (to be decodable at cell
8-Bits of Frame Number edge) and mapped to the 72 center
sub-carriers
PDSCH Traffic Channel The PDSCH carries data in what’s
Transmit broadcast information not transmitted on the known as Transport Blocks (TB)
PBCH which include System Information Blocks (SIB) and which correspond to a MAC PDU.
paging messages (Confirm about Pagign messages) They are passed from the MAC layer
to the PHY layer once per
Transmission Time Interval (TTI)
which is 1 ms.In LTE there are 13
types of SIBs.For a UE to access the
eNB, at the most minimum 2 SIBs
Resource assignment for UEs which are contained in a
Downlink Control Information (DCI) message. PDCCH,
PDCCH used to carry downlink scheduling assignments and PDCCH uses QPSK modulation
uplink scheduling grants. In addition, it may also be used
for power control of a group of terminals
PCFICH
(Physical
Carries the Control Frame Indicator (CFI) which includes
Control
the number of OFDM symbols used for control channel
Format
transmission in each subframe
Indicator
Channel )
PHICH
(Physical The PHICH carries the HARQ ACK/NAK which indicates to
Hybrid ARQ the UE whether the eNodeB correctly received uplink
Indicator user data carried on the PUSCH
Channel )

What is the relation of CQI with SINR?


Direct relation
What are different protocols and what are their roles?
What is role of PDCP and RLC layer?
What are layer2 and layer 3 protocols
What is SRS used for?

Ans: UL reference signal used to measure the channel quality over a section of thebandwidth.
Node B use this information for frequency selective scheduling and link adaptationdecisions.

What is DMRS/DRS?

Ans: DMRS/DRS is uplink reference signal.

Used for
1)Channel Estimation and synchronization in UL
2)EnodeB can use DMRS for calculating TA command for each UE.

Two Types
1) PUSCH DMRS.
2) PUCCH DMRS.

Typical CST of 4G-4G?

What factors impact throughput? How to trouble shoot throughput?


Draw UL and DL frame structure?
What is the difference between Transmit diversity and spatial diversity?
What is Rank Indicator? What is difference between Rank1 and Rank2?
What is closed loop mimo?

1. Close Loop MIMO? How it works? How PMI Works?


EnodeB remodify the data to improve MIMO efficiency based on PMI

2. SR and CQI at same time? Which one is prioritized?


CQI after every 20ms is reported. SR is high priority as compare to CQI.
CQI is calculated based on SINR
3. At which Node LAC-TAC Mapping takes place?
MME
4. What is the difference between Cell and User throughput?
Cell throughput cell buffer 100Mb/2s = 50Mbps
2 User buffer (50Mb/2s & 50Mb/2s) = 25Mbps

Physical
MAC
RLC
PDCP

5. What is Pre-Scheduling? Difference between Pre-Scheduling and smart pre scheduling?

6. Any impact of aperiodic CQI reporting on throughput?

7. Preamble formats? Which one used for which purpose?

8. Difference between GINR and SINR?

9. What is PDCCH Link Adaptation and how it works?

10. What is the difference between DMRS PUCCH/PUSCH and SRS?

11. Information of Event given in which message and how it takes place?
12. Event is given in RRC connection re-configuration

13. What is RIM and Flash CSFB? How they work?

14. What is role of alpha in power control? How it is related with nominal values?

15. How SRS work if it needs transmission with CQI, PUCCH Formats and SR at same time?
16.
17. Number of SR and CQI resources declared/defined at which HW part? How many supported by
default in Ericsson?

18. What is MOD30? How it works with different BWs?


Mode 30 = UL BLER
Mode 6 in IBS
19. What is Multi Target RRC Re-Establishment?
20. What are causes of HO Preparation Failure?
Definition related issues (Nbr/CID/PCI/Target cell congestion/outage)

21. What issue you are suspecting with battery drain from RF side?
22. Idle battery drain. MS is draining in UL. Due to periodic TAC update. LAC/TAC mapping is
incorrect

23. What is difference between TM2, TM3 and TM4?

TM2= Transmit diversity


TM3= Spatial Multiplexing & Transmit Diversity (RI based on SINR)
TM4= Closed Loop PMI feedback

24. What is Back Off indicator? Where it works?

25. What is RBG? Difference between Type0, 1,2

26. Types of Aperiodic CQI Reporting? What is difference between wideband, UE selected sub-
band and eNB configured CQI reporting

27. How UE identifies intra freq target in idle and connected mode (What is concept of
Measurement gap)?

28. What are common causes of ERAB Failures?


Bad User/Radio environment/weak Coverage/License limitation/HW/interference

29. RACH Parameters are given in which SIB?

30. What is the relation of Ncs with preambles? How preambles are generated?
31. What is PRACH configuration index & zerocorrelationzoneconfiguration?

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