Problem Sheet of Fluid Mechanics--Module 01-Properties of Fluid and Pressure at a

Point

1. A board 1 m by 1 m that weighs 25 N slides down an inclined ramp (slope 20°) with a
velocity of 2.0 cm/s The board is separated from the ramp by a thin film of oil with a
viscosity of 0.05 Pa.s Neglecting edge effects, calculate the space between the board
and the ramp.

2. A shaft 6.00 cm in diameter and 40 cm long is pulled steadily at V =0.4 m/s through a
sleeve 6.02 cm in diameter. The clearance is filled with oil, υ = 0.003 m 2/s and
SG=0.88. Estimate the force and power required to pull the shaft.

3. The belt in figure moves at steady velocity V and skims the top of a tank of oil of
viscosity V. Assuming a linear velocity profile, develop a simple formula for the belt
drive power P required as a function of (h, L, V, B, h). Neglect air drag. What power
P in watts is required if the belt moves at 2.5 m/s over SAE 30W oil at 20 deg C, with
L=2 m, b=60 cm, and h=3 cm?

4. Derive an expression for Torque and power required in case of disk rotating over a
parallel plate as shown in the fig?
5. A piston 79.6mm diameter and 210mm long works in a cylinder 80mm diameter. If
the annular space is filled with a lubricating oil having a viscosity of 0.065 kg/m-s,
calculate the speed with which the piston will move through the cylinder when an
axial l0ad of 86.5N is applied.

6. At a depth of 8km from the surface of ocean, the pressure is stated to be 82MN/m 2,
Determine the mass density, weight density and specific volume of water at this
depth. Take density at surface = 1025 kg/m3 and bulk modulus of elasticity K=2350
Mpa for the indicated pressure range.

7. Find the kinematic viscosity in stokes of a liquid whose specific gravity 0.95 and
viscosity is 0.011 poise.

8. A thin plate of area A is placed midway in a gap of height h filled with a liquid of
dynamic viscosity μ1. The plate requires a force F to move with a constant uniform
velocity V. The same gap is subsequently filled with another liquid of viscosity μ2.
And the same plate is positioned at a distance h/4 from one wall. Experiments
indicated that for the velocity V, the drag force required was same. Prove that μ1 =
4/3 μ2.

9. A fluid has a solute viscosity of 0.048 Pas and a specific gravity of 0.913. For the
flow of such a fluid over a flat solid surface, the velocity at a point 75mm away from
the surface is1.125m/s. Calculate the shear stress at the solid boundary, at points
25mm, 50mm and 75mm away from the boundary surface.
Assume i) a linear velocity distribution and ii) a parabolic velocity distribution with
the vertex at the point 75mm away from the surface where the velocity is 1.1.25 m/s

10. A spherical soap bubble of diameter d1 coalesces with another bubble of diameter d2
to form a single bubble of diameter d 3 containing the same amount of air. Assuming
an isothermal process, derive an analytical expression for d 3 as a function of d1, d2, the
ambient pressure P0 and the surface tension of soap solution is σ.
If d1 = 20mm, d2 = 40mm P0 = 101kN/m2 and σ = 0.09 N/m, determine d3.
11. A vertical gap 25mm wide and infinite extent contains oil of specific gravity 0.95 and
dynamic viscosity 2.5 Pa-s. A square metal plate 1.5m side and 1.5mm thick,
weighing 50N, placed centrally inside the gap is to be lifted at a constant speed of 100
mm/s. Calculate the viscous resistance to be overcome and the power required to in
lifting the plate.

12. A single column U tube manometer, made of glass tubing having a nominal inside
diameter of 2.5mm has been used to measure pressure in a pipe or vessel containing
air. If the limb opened to atmosphere is 10% oversize, find the error in mm of
mercury in the measurement of air pressure due to surface tension effects. It is stated
that mercury is the manometric fluid for which surface tension is 0.514 N/m and angle
of contact 140 degree.

13. A small gas bubble rising in an open batch fermenter has a radius of 0.05cm when it is
3m below the surface. Determine the radius of the bubble when it is 1m below the
surface. It may be assumed that the pressure inside the bubble is 2σ/r above the
pressure outside the bubble, where r is radius of the bubble and σ is the surface
tension of the gas fermentation broth and has a value of 0.073 N/m. The pressure and
volume of the gas in the bubble are related by the expression PV=constant.