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Dis Math 6

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4 views7 pages

Dis Math 6

Uploaded by

dulalchandra314
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Discrete Mathematics

Md. Zasim Uddin, PhD


Associate professor, Dept. Computer Science & Engineering
Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur
Basic Structures: Sets, Functions,
Sequences, Sums, and Matrices

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Function
 In mathematics, a function is a relation between a set of inputs
(called the domain) and a set of possible outputs (called the
codomain).
 Functions are sometimes also called mappings or
transformations.

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Different type of functions

 A function f is said to be one-to-one, or an injunction, if and only if f (a) = f (b)


implies that a = b for all a and b in the domain of f.

 A function f from A to B is called onto, or a surjection, if and only if for every


element b ∈ B there is an element a ∈ A with f (a) = b.

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Inverse Functions and
Compositions of Functions

The Function f−1 Is the Inverse of Function f.

The Composition of the Functions f and g.


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Sequences
 Sequence is a discrete structure used to represent an
ordered list. For example, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8 is a sequence with
five terms and 1, 3, 9, 27, 81 , . . . , 3n, . . . is an infinite
sequence.

f (x) = arx.

f(x) = dx + a.

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Summations and cardinality
 Summations

 The sets A and B have the same cardinality if and only if there is a one-to-one
correspondence from A to B. When A and B have the same cardinality, we write
|A| = |B|.

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