2023-2024

Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar

System

2023-2024

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE
VALSAD
2023 - 2024
 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

The Project Entitled

Automatic Smart Sunflower

Solar System
SUBMITTED IN
PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR B.E.
IN
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

SUBMITTED BY
GANDHI MEET PRAKASHKUMAR (220193119005)
SINGH SHUBHAM SANJEEV (220193119020)
VALA ANAND RAJESHBHAI (220193119024)
VASAVA ABHAY VIJASING (220193119025)

GUIDED BY
Prof. M.P. CHAUHAN
Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering
Department

2022-2023

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Government Engineering College
Valsad
Valsad-396001, Gujarat, India
 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the partial report of Design Engineering-2B (3160001) Entitled
“Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System” Submitted by all Group members
including Mr. Gandhi Meet Prakashkumar (220193119005), Mr. Singh Shubham
Sanjeev (220193119020), Mr. Vala Anand Rajeshbhai (220193119024), and Mr.
Vasava Abhay Vijasing (220193119025) in Partial fulfillment of the requirement
for the award of “B.E. In Mechanical Engineering” During the academic year 2023-
2024 of Government Engineering College Valsad is a record of his own work
carried out under supervision and guidance.

Prof. M.P. Chauhan Prof. V.D. Dhiman sir

Project guide and Asst. Professor, Head Of Department
Mechanical Engineering Department Mechanical

Government Engineering College Valsad

VALSAD-396001, GUJARAT, INDIA
 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

APPROVAL CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the partial report of Design Engineering-2B (3160001) Entitled
“Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System” Submitted by all Group members
including Mr. Gandhi Meet Prakashkumar (220193119005), Mr. Singh Shubham
Sanjeev (220193119020), Mr. Vala Anand Rajeshbhai (220193119024), and Mr.
Vasava Abhay Vijasing (220193119025) in Partial fulfillment of the requirement
for the award of “B.E. In Mechanical Engineering” During the academic year 2022-
2023 of Government Engineering College Valsad is a record of his own work
carried out under supervision and guidance.

External Examiner Internal Examiner

Government Engineering College Valsad

VALSAD-396001, GUJARAT, INDIA
 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

 Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter 2 Canvases

Chapter 3 Prior Art Search

Chapter 4 Summary

Chapter 5 Components

Chapter 6 Description of Components

Chapter 7 Objectives

Chapter 8 Application

Chapter 9 Advantages & Disadvanatages

Chapter 10 Conclusion

Chapter 11 References
 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

 LIST OF FIGURES

SR. NO. FIGURES PAGE

1.1 Campus area 7

1.2 Academic block 7

1.3 G.P. Valsad Entrance 7

1.4 Admin Building 7

Mechanical
1.5 7
Department
2.1 AEIOU Framework 10

2.2 Mind Mapping 11

2.3 Ideation Canvas 12

2.4 Empathy Canvas 13

Product Development
2.5 14
Canvas
2.6.1 3-D Drawing 15

2.6.2 Side View 16

2.6.3 Bottom View 16

2.6.4 Top View 17

2.6.5 Front View 17

2.7.1 CAD Model Top View 18

2.7.2 CAD Model 3D View 18

2.7.3 CAD Model Front View 18

2.7.4 Opening & Closing 19

Process Diagram
2.7.5 Circuit Diagram 22

6.1 Arduino 28
 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

6.2 Arduino components 28

name
6.3 L293D Motor driver 29

6.4 L293D Motor driver 29

component name
6.5 Metal geared servos 30

6.6 Solar panel 31

6.7 LDR sensor 32

component name
6.8 LDR sensor 32

6.9 LDR working 32

6.10 Mini limit switch 32

6.11 Mini limit switch on- 32

off function
6.12 Bluetooth module 33

6.13 Jumper wire 33

6.14 Lithium ion battery 34

6.15 USB A-B cable 34

6.16 Battery management 35

system
 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, thanks to the Almighty god, for blessing to finish this project successfully.
Special gratitude expresses to Project guide Prof. M.P. Chauhan for her brilliant
idea, invaluable guidance, continuously encouragement and constant support in
making this project possible. Her knowledge, experiences and technical skills always
impress and open our minds to always think differently than what written in text
books or lectures to solve any technical problems.

Besides that, sincere thanks to all lab mates who taught a lot to handle machines that
we were going to use. Not forget also to Mechanical Lab staffs that done really good
jobs monitoring and assisting in technical support during the workshop sessions.

Lastly, To all college staff from Mechanical Engineering Department & Government
Polytechnic Valsad, my fellow friends and who was helping indirectly, thanks for
giving me such a sincere support and assistance.
 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

ABSTRACT
This paper deals with the design & analysis of the Automatic Sun Tracking Solar
Panel based on open loop concept.

The main objective of the project is to harness the maximum amount of sunlight
from sun and converting it to electricity so that it can be easily used and transferred.

This can be done by aligning the solar panel perpendicular to sun rays so that
maximum sunlight can be converted into electrical form. As this system give
maximum efficiency.

The main feature of this tracker is that it is independent of the intensity of sunrays. It
directly takes the coordinate of the sun according to its position and align itself
according to that. As well as it gives higher efficiency, high reliability. The advantage
of this project is to provide access to an everlasting and pollution free source of
energy.

This project can be used in form of decentralized generation. And when connected to
big battery banks then can independently fulfill the needs of local areas.
 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

 Introduction
DOMAIN NAME: GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC VALSAD

DOMAIN TYPE: EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

We selected our domain- Government Polytechnic Valsad because it is very close to

 We learns the fundamentals of problem solving with design

thinking.

 We use and integrate design thinking skills learned to solve real.
life problems.
 We get to learn the top in demand skills like problem solving , decision making,


 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System







Figure 1.1 Campus Area Figure 1.2 Academic Block

Figure 1.3 G.P. Valsad Entrance

Figure 1.4 Admin Building

Figure 1.5 Mechanical Department

 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

Canvases

1. AEIOU Framework

Figure 2.1 AEIOU Frame work

 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

2. Mind Mapping

Figure 2.2 Mind Mapping

 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

3. Ideation canvas

Figure 2.3 Ideation Canvas

 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

4. Empathy

Figure 2.4 Empathy Canvas

 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

5. Product Development Canvas

Figure 2.5 Product Development Canvas

 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

6. Rough Prototype Sketch

 3-D Drawing

Figure 2.6.1 3-D Drawing

 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

Figure 2.6.2 Side View

Figure 2.6.3 Bottom View

 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

Figure 2.6.4 Top View

Figure 2.6.5 Front View

 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

7. CAD MODEL

Figure 2.7.1 TOP VIEW

Figure 2.7.2 3D VIEW

Figure 2.7.3 FRONT VIEW

 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

Figure 1.7.4 opening & closing process diagram of automatic smart sunflower solar system
 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

 Prior Art Search

LITERATURE REVIEW

 Vala Anand Rajeshbhai

In the The paucity of available resources has forced contemporary society to

look for measures to consummate the demands of the latter. With the
nurturing civilization, the depletion of conventional fuels, due to human
practices has been an alarm to sustainable development issues. The scarcity
of energy and its source guided us towards the optimistic approach of using
the alternative resources bestowed to humankind–Solar, tidal etc. The Sun
has been looked upon as an imperative source of energy. Solar energy is an
eco-friendly resource as compared to its counterparts. The advancement of
technology has out-turn foster techniques to utilize this energy into its own
good use. Be it as thermal energy, electricity, fuel production and many more.
Photovoltaic or concentrated solar power (CSP) systems are operated to
transfigure the solar power expropriated by the earth into electricity. Solar
tracking device utilizes this expropriated solar power through the channel of
photovoltaic arrays, an oriented scaffolding of photovoltaic/solar cells.
 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

 Singh Shubham Sanjeev

Describes a two- axis solar tracker capable of withstanding the extreme

weather conditions. The solar tracker includes a solar array, a frame, a base, a
pivot frame, and a first and second actuator. The solar array is mounted to the
frame and captures sunlight. The base is pivotally connected to the frame and
defines a pivot axis for elevation movement of the solar array. The pivot
frame is also pivotally connected to the frame and defines a pivot axis for
azimuthal movement of the solar array. The base is pivotally connected to
the frame and defines a pivot axis for elevation movement of the solar array.
The pivot frame is also pivotally connected to the frame and defines a pivot
axis for azimuthal movement of the solar array. The first actuator controls
elevation movement of the solar array and the second actuator controls
azimuthal movement of the solar array. The solar tracker is pivot table
between a raised position and a stowed position.

[2] Object of his invention to mechanically link multiple solar trackers in a

large array configuration so that they may operate in unison, driven by a
single motor and tracker controller, whereby the mechanical linkage system
is designed such that it must only be capable of withstanding the relatively
low forces required to effect movement of the trackers without the
requirement to resist larger wind forces acting on the array of trackers.
Another object of his invention is to apply the drive principles to various
solar single axis tracking geometries to maximize the economic performance
for each solar tracking application. Multiple gearboxes can be mechanically
linked by drive shafts and driven by a single motor. The drive shafts may
incorporate universal joints for uneven terrain or staggered configurations.
Harmonic dampers can be affixed to the solar panels to decouple wind force
 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

 Gandhi Meet Prakashkumar

This research by Thanaphon Sorndach and NoppadolPudcheun designed and

developed a robotic system. This climbs up the slippery and inclined solar
panels. For this omni-wheels are used by the system. The robotic system
moves freely and rotates freely and turning of the robot is avoided while
performing the operation [1]. Mohammad. et.al developed a portable robotic
cleaning device for moving along the complete length of solar panel. It is
practically observed that RCS (robotic cleaning solution) maintains the
efficiency of clean PV panels [2]. Hiroyuki et.al Shibata have developed a
unique cleaning system by utilizing an electrostatic force to remove sand from
solar panels [3]. The system developed by Aravind G, et.al uses two
subsystems, Docking Station and RVC(Robotic Vacuum Cleaner). The RVC
performs cleaning in two-stages for removal of dust particles from solar panels
[4]. Milin D Patil, et.al, presented a cleaner which consists of brushes, DC
motors and stepper motor and this performs accurate operation in both
horizontal and vertical directions [5].

 Vasava Abhay Vijasing

I came up with the working of automatic robot Floor cleaning. This automatic
robot can add any of two methods. All hardware and software functions are
handled by AT89S52 microcontroller. This automatic robot is in a position to
perform sweeping and mopping job. RF modules is getting used for cordless
communication between remote (manual method) and automatic robot has
range of 50m. This robot is given with IR sensor for obstacle recognition and
automates water sprayer pump. Four motors are being employed, two for
cleaning purpose, one for pump and one for tires. Dual relay circuit is
employed to work the motors one for the pump and another for the cleaner. In
previous works, there's no use of automated water sprayer and works only in
programmed mode. With the automated mode automatic robot controls all the
functions itself and alter the road if just in case there's hurdle detection and
moves back again. With the manual method, the keypad will be accustomed
execute the expected job and operate automatic robot. In manual method, RF
component is employed to transfer the knowledge between remote and
automatic robot and display the data associated with the hurdle detection on
LCD. the entire circuitry is associated with 12V electrical device pack.
 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

 Summary
Design Thinking is a human-centered approach to creative problem-solving. In other
words, it is a way or a process of finding solutions to real problems using creativity
and innovation. It is a process that takes up to five steps to come up with meaningful
ideas to solve real-life problems.

So in summary what we learned from this journey:

1. Don’t plan too much, jump start using the approach: take a current project
you are working on and experiment, experiment and experiment. You are never going
to get too well prepared. It will always be a risk, even more if you are working in a
very traditional company that used to do things the same way for a long time.

2. Test in small scale and invite people that are open minded: don’t start with a
really difficult challenge before you get more experienced and invite a team of open
minded people from different areas and background. Identify people that you believe
will be excited about learning from consumers and challenging their own assump-
tions, don’t try to convince the “cynic” or the skeptical when you start.

3. Get support from agencies or experienced design thinkers: get a coach or ex-
perts that will help you to structure the first projects. Develop your plan with an ex-
pert, but don’t let the expert drive the whole project, try to learn by doing and use the
expert as a coach to refine your approach. Accept and be prepared to fail, my first
project was a disaster from a result perspective, but an enormous push to learn and
be better the next time.

4. Get support from senior people in the organization: invite them or use videos
to get endorsement from senior management. Using simple testimonials from them
will help you to get people engaged and committed with the project as depending on
the opportunity, problem you are trying to solve it will require time and availability
from them.

5. Balance right and left sides of the brain: in corporate life we become strong in
using our analytical brain, after working with design thinking you realize that every-
one is creative, but this creativity sometimes is not used in corporate life.

6. Work and crack very specific challenges: Don’t try to work in very broad chal-
lenges, we always joke that you should not try to “solve world’s hunger issues” in a
single project, design thinking helps you understand that big challenges could be cut
into smaller pieces that will help people to clearly understand what they are trying to
solve. This can lead to a roadmap to achieve a much broader challenge.
 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

 COMPONENTS NAMES OF AUTOMATIC SMART SUNFLOWER

SOLAR SYSTEM

 Arduino UNO with Atmega 328P

 L293D Motor driver
 Metal geared servos
 Solar Panels
 LDR Sensor
 Limit Switch
 Bluetooth Module
 Jumper wires
 Lithium Ion Battery
 USB A-B Cable for Arduino
 Battery Management System (BMS)
 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

 DESCRIPTON OF C0MPONENTS

 ARDUNIO UNO

 Arduino UNO is a low-cost, flexible, and easy-to-use programmable open-source microcontroller

board that can be integrated into a variety of electronic projects.

 This board can be interfaced with other Arduino boards, Arduino shields, Raspberry Pi
boards and can control relays, LEDs, servos, and motors as an output.

 The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328 (datasheet). It has 14 digital
input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic
resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. 

 The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328 (datasheet). It has 14 digital
input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic
resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button.

Figure 6.1 Arduino

Figure 6.2 Arduino components name

 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

 L293D Motor driver

 L293D is a monolithic integrated, high voltage, high current, 4-channel driver.Basically

this means using this chip you can use DC motors and power supplies of up to 36 Volts,
thats some pretty big motors and the chip can supply a maximum current of 600mA per
channel, the L293D chip is also what's known as a type of H.

 The L293D allows parallel operation. The Motor Shield is able to drive 2 servo motors,
and has 8 half-bridge outputs for 2 stepper motors or 4 full H-bridge motor outputs or 8
half-bridge drivers, or a combination. The servo motors use the +5V of the Arduino board.

 The L293D motor shield for Arduino is designed as a full-featured motor shield that will
be able to power many simple to medium-complexity projects. This motor driver shield
can be used to drive up to 4 DC motors. (up to 600MA and 36v). It can also be used to
drive up to 2 Stepper Motors and Servo Motors. The L293D driver shield for Arduino is
integrated with a 2-pin terminal block and jumper to connect external power, for
separate logic/motor supplies. 

Figure 6.3 L293D Motor driver

Figure 6.4 L293D motor driver components name

 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

 METAL GEARED SERVOS

 The MG995 Servo Motor is an all metal gear servo motor operating on a wide voltage
range of 4.8V to 6.6V DC, it offers exceptional torque of 11 kg/cm, ensuring performance
in various applications. Its swift reaction speed (no load speed of 0.20 seconds / 60
degrees at 4.8V and 0.16 seconds / 60 degrees at 6.0V.

 MG995 Metal Gear Servo Motor is a high-speed standard servo can rotate approximately
180 degrees (60 in each direction) used for airplane, helicopter, RC-cars and many RC
model.

 A servo motor is an electromechanical device that produces torque and velocity based on
the supplied current and voltage. A servo motor works as part of a closed loop system
providing torque and velocity as commanded from a servo controller utilizing a feedback
device to close the loop.

 The function of the servo motor is to convert the control signal of the controller into the
rotational angular displacement or angular velocity of the motor output shaft.

Figure 6.5 Metal geared servos

 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

 SOLAR PANEL

 Solar panels are devices that convert sunlight into electricity. They are made up of photovoltaic
cells, which are typically made from silicon or other semiconductor materials. When sunlight
hits these cells, it creates an electric field across the layers, causing electricity to flow. This
electricity can then be used to power various devices, from small electronics to entire buildings.

 Solar panels are commonly installed on rooftops or in large solar farms. They are a key
component of solar energy systems, which are becoming increasingly popular as a renewable
energy source. Solar panels can generate electricity for residential, commercial, and industrial
applications, offering a clean and sustainable alternative to traditional fossil fuel-based power
generation.

Figure 6.6 Solar Panel

 LDR SENSOR
 The full form of LDR sensor is light dependent resistors.

 LDR is light sensitive devices most often used to indicate the presence or absence of light, or to
measure the light intensity. LDR is an acronym for Light Dependent Resistor. LDRs are tiny
light-sensing devices also known as photoresistors. An LDR is a resistor whose resistance
changes as the amount of light falling on it changes. The resistance of the LDR decreases with an
increase in light intensity, and vice-versa.

 An LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) sensor is a type of electronic component that exhibits a
change in resistance based on the intensity of light falling on its surface. This characteristic
makes it a valuable tool in light sensing applications. LDRs are typically made from
semiconductor materials whose conductivity changes with varying light levels.

 The applications of LDR sensor are Automatic lighting systems, Streetlights, Cameras, Solar
Energy Systems, Weather Stations, Artificial intelligence robotics.
 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

Figure 6.8 LDR sensor

Figure 6.7 LDR sensor component name

Figure 6.9 LDR sensor working

 MINI LIMIT SWITCH

 Mini Limit Switch is designed with a single aim to improve productivity with less production
down time. It comes with wide range of operating heads and meets the requirements of
Machine Tools, Lifts and Escalators, Food and Beverages, Textile Machines, Packaging &
Printing Machines applications.

Figure 6.10 Mini Limit switch Figure 6.11 Mini limit switch on-off
function
 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

 BLUETOOTH MODULE

 The HC-05 is a class 2 Bluetooth module designed for transparent wireless serial
communication. It is pre-configured as a slave Bluetooth device. Once it is paired to a master
Bluetooth device such as PC, smart phones and tablet, its operation becomes transparent to the
user.

 The HC-05 Bluetooth module is a popular Bluetooth serial communication module widely used
in electronics projects and IoT (Internet of Things) applications.

 Overall, the HC-05 Bluetooth module offers a convenient, reliable, and cost-effective solution for
adding wireless communication capabilities to electronic projects, enabling seamless data
exchange over short distances without the need for physical cables. Its versatility, ease of use,
and wide compatibility make it a popular choice among electronics enthusiasts and developers
worldwide.

Figure 6.12 Bluetooth module

 JUMPER WIRE

 A jump wire is an electrical wire, or group of them in a cable, with a connector or pin at each
end, which is normally used to interconnect the components of a breadboard or other prototype
or test circuit, internally or with other equipment or components, without soldering.

 Jumper wires are simple electrical wires with connectors at each end, typically used to create
temporary connections on a breadboard, prototyping board, or between electronic
components.

Figure 6.13 Jumper wire

 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

 LITHIUM ION BATTERY

 A lithium-ion battery is a type of rechargeable battery that is charged and discharged by lithium
ions moving between the negative (anode) and positive (cathode) electrodes.

 A lithium-ion battery (Li-ion) is a type of rechargeable battery commonly used in portable

electronic devices, electric vehicles, and grid energy storage systems.

 Lithium-ion is the most popular rechargeable battery chemistry used today. Lithium-ion
batteries power the devices we use every day, like our mobile phones and electric vehicles.
Lithium-ion batteries consist of single or multiple lithium-ion cells, along with a protective
circuit board.

Figure 6.14 Lithium ion battery

 USB A-B CABLE FOR ARDUINO

 The Cable for Arduino Nano (USB 2.0 A to USB 2.0 Mini B) 30cm Connects speed-critical
devices, such as smartphones and peripherals that require a Mini-B connection to your
computer. Use this cable to connect your Arduino Board which features a Mini-B USB port to the
Laptop/PC.

 The same USB A/B cable can be used on any scanner, printer, or other peripheral. The type 'A'
connector is a flattened rectangle that plugs into downstream port sockets on the USB hub or
USB host. The USB-B connector, somewhat square-ish with two bevelled corners, plugs into
upstream sockets on devices and hubs.

Figure 6.15 USB A-B cable

 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

 BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (BMS)

 Battery management system (BMS) is technology dedicated to the oversight of a battery pack,
which is an assembly of battery cells, electrically organized in a row x column matrix
configuration to enable delivery of targeted range of voltage and current for a duration of time
against expected load scenarios.

 In the context of Arduino, a Battery Management System (BMS) typically refers to a custom
electronic system designed and implemented using Arduino microcontrollers and related
components to monitor and manage batteries in various projects. While not as sophisticated as
commercial BMS solutions used in large-scale applications like electric vehicles or renewable
energy storage systems, Arduino-based BMSs can still offer useful functionality for smaller-
scale projects.

 A Battery Management System (BMS) includes functionality to sense important battery pack
parameters including cell voltages, battery current, cell temperatures, etc. If any of these are out
of a pre-defined range, the pack can be disconnected from its load or charger, or other
appropriate action can be taken.

Figure 6.16 Battery management system

 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

 Objectives

 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System is designed to optimize solar panels' efficiency by
aligning them with the sun's position throughout the day.

 The name “sunflower” derives from how sunflowers naturally turn their heads to face the sun.

 The main purpose of this project utilizing the maximum amount of energy taken from the Sun
and to convert such energy into some other production.

 Sun Position Tracking throughout the day.

 Automatically adjust solar panel position using automatic tracking system.

 The objectives of this project are to control the position of a solar panel in accordance with the
motion of sun.

 The main objectives of this project are to catch maximum solar radiation from the sun, and
increase the efficiency solar panel.

 Application

 It can be great source of light during the day time.

 From this project can be used to operate machine such as

 Water pump
 Street light
 Light house

 Residential Solar Power Systems.

 Commercial and Industrial Solar Installations.

 Grid-Tied Solar Systems.

 Solar Pumping Systems.

 Portable Solar Chargers.

 Solar-Powered Vehicles.
 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

 Advantages

 Increase the power generation.

 Increase efficiency up to 40%.

 Easy to Maintenance.

 Maintenance cost is low.

 Technological Innovation.

 Optimized Solar Tracking.

 Improved Return of Investment (ROI).

 Technological Innovation.

 Renewable source of energy.

 Environmental benefits and Eco-friendly.

 Disadvantages

 High requirements for the tracking system.

 High Initial cost and Capital cost.

 Technological Complexity.

 Complexity in Design and circuit.

 More moving parts.

 Reliability, Compatibility and Durability.

 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

 Conclusion

The innovative design of the sun tracking solar panel have increased the
development of many solar thermal and PV systems. It has been showed that the sun
trackers can be classified into two that is single axis and dual axis or active or
passive trackers. The result represents that the Altitude based dual axis Solar
trackers are more efficient. The experimental results shows that the efficiency of
solar panel to generate electricity is increased by minimum 5-8%. This percentage
increase is calculated after reducing all the energy used in the tracking system and
mechanism of the project. This technique can be used in villages which are
deprieved of electricity as connecting them to national grid can be costly. So this can
be used as a form of decentralized generation. This increases reliability. The fault
clearing time becomes less as it not connected to complex grid.
 Automatic Smart Sunflower Solar System

 References

 https://youtu.be/lXk5wyghTwU?si=k5VaXO_9j23ex42M

 https://youtube.com/shorts/X3Sw3pMChCs?si=5zlGrXOCk-oxq6PC

 India's Favourite Robotics and DIY Store – Robocraze

 solar.com/learn/smartflower-solar-comprehensive-review/

 Buy Electronic Components Online Store in India - MakerBazar

 A. Rai, B. Awasthi, A. Dixit and C. K. Dwivedi, "Modeling of solar photovoltaic module and study
parameter variation effect using MATLAB/Simulink", 2016 International Conference on Control
Computing Communication and Materials (ICCCCM), pp. 1-6, 2016.

 K.Y. Lee, C.Y. Chung, B.J. Huang, T.J. Kuo, H.W. Yang, H.Y. Cheng, et al., "A novel algorithm for
single-axis maximum power generation sun trackers", Energy Conversion and Management, vol.
149, pp. 543-552, 2017.

 T. Kaur, S. Mahajan, S. Verma Priyanka and J. Gambhir, "Arduino based low-cost active dual axis
solar tracker", 2016 IEEE 1st International Conference on Power Electronics Intelligent Control
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