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Variable Length Subnet Mask - Solved - Example

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40 views4 pages

Variable Length Subnet Mask - Solved - Example

Uploaded by

fasilgirma.111
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Variable Length Subnet Mask

Variable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM) extends classic sub-netting. VLSM is a process of
breaking down subnets into the smaller subnets, according to the need of individual networks. In
Example Company have requirement of 6 subnets and 160 host addresses. With VSLM you can
fulfill this requirement with single class C address space.

VLSM Sub-netting

In VLSM Sub-netting, we do sub-netting of subnets according the network requirement.

Steps for VLSM Sub-netting

 Find the largest segment. Segment which need largest number of hosts address.
 Do sub-netting to fulfill the requirement of largest segment.
 Assign the appropriate subnet mask for the largest segment.
 For second largest segments, take one of these newly created subnets and apply a
different, more appropriate, subnet mask to it.
 Assign the appropriate subnet mask for the second largest segment.
 Repeat this process until the last network.
VLSM Example
Now you know the steps of VLSM Sub-netting. Let's understand it with above example. Our
company requires 6 subnets and 160 hosts.

Step 1:- Oder all segments according the hosts requirement (Largest to smallest).

Subnet Segment Hosts

1 Development 74
2 Production 52
3 `Administrative 28
4 Wan link 1 2
5 Wan link 2 2
`6 Wan link 3 2

Step 2:- Do sub-netting for largest segment. Our largest segment needs 74 host addresses. /25
provide us two subnets with 126 hosts in each subnet.

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Subnet Subnet 1 Subnet 2
Network ID 192.168.1.0 192.168.1.128
First host address 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.129
Last host address 192.168.1.126 192.168.1.254
Broadcast ID 192.168.1.127 192.168.1.255

Step 3:- Assign subnet mask to the largest segment. As you can see in above table, sub-net 1
fulfills our largest segment requirement. Assign it to our segment.

Segment Development
Requirement 74
CIDR /25
Subnet mask 255.255.255.128
Network ID 192.168.1.0
First hosts 192.168.1.1
Last hosts 192.168.1.126
Broadcast ID 192.168.1.127

Step 4:- Do sub-netting for second largest segment from next available subnet. Next segment
requires 52 host addresses. Sub-netting of /25 has given us two subnets with 126 hosts in each,
from that we have assigned first subnet to development segment. Second segment is available;
we would do sub-netting of this.

/26 provide us 4 subnets with 62 hosts in each subnet.

192.168.1.0/26

Subnet Subnet 1 Subnet 2 Subnet 3 Subnet 4


Network ID 0 64 128 192
First address 1 65 129 193
Last address 62 126 190 254
Broadcast ID 63 127 191 255

We cannot use subnet 1 and subnet 2 ( address from 0 to 127 ) as they are already assigned to
development department. We can assign subnet 3 to our production department.

Segment Production
Requirement 52
CIDR /26
Subnet mask 255.255.255.192
Network ID 192.168.1.128
First hosts 192.168.1.129
Last hosts 192.168.1.190
Broadcast ID 192.168.1.191
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Step 5 :- Our next segment requires 28 hosts. From above subnetting we have subnet 3 and
subnet 4 available. Do subnetting for the requirement of 28 hosts.

192.168.1.0/27

Subnet Sub 1 Sub 2 Sub 3 Sub 4 Sub 5 Sub 6 Sub 7 Sub 8


Net ID 0 32 64 96 128 160 192 224
First Host 1 33 65 95 129 161 193 225
Last Host 30 62 94 126 158 190 222 254
Broadcast ID 31 63 95 127 159 191 223 255
Subnets 1 to 6 [ address from 0 to 191] are already occupied by previous segments. We can
assign subnet 7 to this segment.

Segment Administrative
Requirement 28
CIDR /27
Subnet mask 255.255.255.224
Network ID 192.168.1.192
First hosts 192.168.1.193
Last hosts 192.168.1.222
Broadcast ID 192.168.1.223
Step 6 :- Our last three segments require 2 hosts per subnet. Do subnetting for these.

192.168.1.0/30

Valid subnets are:-

0,4,8,12,16,20,24,28,32,36,40,44,48,52,56,60,64,68,72,76,80,84,88,92,96,100,104,
108,112,116,120,124,128,132,136,140,144,148,152,156,160,164,168,172,176,180,
184,188,192,196,200,204,208,212,216,220, 224,228,232,236,240,244,248,252,256

From these subnets, subnet 1 to subnet 56 ( Address from 0 - 220) are already assigned to
previous segments. We can use 224,228, and 232 for wan links.

Subnet Subnet 57 Subnet 58 Subnet 59


Network ID 224 228 232
First host 225 229 233
Last host 226 230 234

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Broadcast ID 227 231 235

Assign these subnets to wan links.

Wan Link 2

Wan Link 1

Segments Wan Link 1 Segments Wan Link 2


Requirement 2 Requirement 2
CIDR /30 CIDR /30
Subnet mask 255.255.255.252 Subnet mask 255.255.255.252
Network ID 192.168.1.224 Network ID 192.168.1.228
First hosts 192.168.1.225 First hosts 192.168.1.229
Last hosts 192.168.1.226 Last hosts 192.168.1.230
Broadcast ID 192.168.1.227 Broadcast ID 192.168.1.231

Wan link 3

Segments Wan Link 3


Requirement 2
CIDR /30
Subnet mask 255.255.255.252
Network ID 192.168.1.232
First hosts 192.168.1.233
Last hosts 192.168.1.234
Broadcast ID 192.168.1.235

We have assigned IP addresses to all segments; still we have 20 addresses available. This is the
magic of VLSM.

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