TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION(3) 2. WHAT IS CYBERSECURITY ALL ABOUT? (4) 3. THE SCALE OF THE CYBER THREAT(5-6) 4. IMPORTANCE OF CYBERSECURITY(7) 5. TYPES OF CYBERSECURITY THREATS(8-10) 6. LATEST CYBER THREATS(11-12) 7. CYBER SAFETY TIPS - PROTECT YOURSELF AGAINST CYBERATTACKS(13) 8. END-USER PROTECTION(14-15) 9. CONCLUSION(16) 10. BIBLIOGRAPHY(17) 11. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT(18) 12. PRESENTED BY(19)
2 INTRODUCTION
Cybersecurity is the practice of protecting systems,
networks, and programs from digital attacks. These cyberattacks are usually aimed at accessing, changing, or destroying sensitive information; extorting money from users via ransomware; or interrupting normal business processes.
Implementing effective cybersecurity measures is
particularly challenging today because there are more devices than people, and attackers are becoming more innovative.
3 WHAT IS CYBERSECURITY ALL ABOUT? A successful PEOPLE TECHNOLOGY cybersecurity approach Users must understand and comply with Technology is essential to giving has multiple layers of basic data security principles like protection spread across organizations and individuals the choosing strong passwords, being wary computer security tools needed to the computers, networks, of attachments in email, and backing up protect themselves from cyber- programs, or data that data. attacks. Three main entities must be one intends to keep safe. protected: endpoint devices like In an organization, the PROCESSES computers, smart devices, and people, processes, and routers; networks; and the cloud. technology must all Organizations must have a Common technology used to protect complement one another framework for how they deal with these entities include next- both attempted and successful generation firewalls, DNS filtering, to create an effective cyber-attacks. It explains how you malware protection, antivirus defence from cyber- software, and email security can identify attacks, protect systems, attacks. solutions. detect and respond to threats, and recover from successful attacks. 4 THE SCALE OF THE CYBER THREAT 1. The global cyber threat continues to evolve at a rapid pace, with a rising number of data breaches each year. A report by RiskBased Security revealed that a shocking 7.9 billion records have been exposed by data breaches in the first nine months of 2019 alone. This figure is more than double (112%) the number of records exposed in the same period in 2018. 2. Medical services, retailers and public entities experienced the most breaches, with malicious criminals responsible for most incidents. Some of these sectors are more appealing to cybercriminals because they collect financial and medical data, but all businesses that use networks can be targeted for customer data, corporate espionage, or customer attacks. 3. With the scale of the cyber threat set to continue to rise, global spending on cybersecurity solutions is naturally increasing. Gartner predicts cybersecurity spending will reach $188.3 billion in 2023 and surpass $260 billion globally by 2026. Governments across the globe have responded to the rising cyber threat with guidance to help organizations implement effective cyber-security practices. 5 1. In the U.S., the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has created a cyber-security framework. To combat the proliferation of malicious code and aid in early detection, the framework recommends continuous, real-time monitoring of all electronic resources. 2. The importance of system monitoring is echoed in the “10 steps to cyber security”, guidance provided by the U.K. government’s National Cyber Security Centre. In Australia, The Australian Cyber Security Centre (ACSC) regularly publishes guidance on how organizations can counter the latest cyber-security threats.
6 IMPORTANCE OF CYBERSECURITY In today’s connected world, everyone benefits from advanced cyber defence programs. At an individual level, a cybersecurity attack can result in everything from identity theft, to extortion attempts, to the loss of important data like family photos. Everyone relies on critical infrastructure like power plants, hospitals, and financial service companies. Securing these and other organizations is essential to keeping our society functioning. Everyone also benefits from the work of cyberthreat researchers, like the team of 250 threat researchers at Talos, who investigate new and emerging threats and cyber-attack strategies. They reveal new vulnerabilities, educate the public on the importance of cybersecurity, and strengthen open-source tools. Their work makes the Internet safer for everyone.
7 TYPES OF CYBERSECURITY THREATS Malware Ransomware Malware is a type of software designed to gain unauthorized Ransomware is a type of malicious access or to cause damage to a computer. software. It is designed to extort money by blocking access to files Virus or the computer system until the A self-replicating program that ransom is paid. Paying the ransom attaches itself to clean file and does not guarantee that the files spreads throughout a computer system, infecting files with malicious code. will be recovered, or the system restored. 8 Trojans Adware A type of malware that is disguised as legitimate software. Cybercriminals Advertising software which can trick users into uploading Trojans onto be used to spread malware. their computer where they cause damage or collect data.
Spyware Botnets A program that secretly records what a Networks of malware infected computers user does, so that cybercriminals can which cybercriminals use to perform tasks make use of this information. For example, spyware could capture credit online without the user’s permission. card details.
9 Social engineering Phishing
Phishing is the practice of sending Social engineering is a tactic that
fraudulent emails that resemble adversaries use to trick you into revealing emails from reputable sources. The sensitive information. They can solicit a aim is to steal sensitive data like monetary payment or gain access to your credit card numbers and login confidential data. Social engineering can information. It’s the most common type of cyber-attack. You can help be combined with any of the threats protect yourself through education listed earlier to make you more likely to or a technology solution that filters click on links, download malware, or trust malicious emails. a malicious source. 10 LATEST CYBER THREATS What are the latest cyber threats that individuals and organizations need to guard against? Here are some of the most recent cyber threats that the U.K., U.S., and Australian governments have reported on.
Dridex malware In December 2019, the U.S. Department of Justice (DoJ) charged the leader of an organized cyber- criminal group for their part in a global Dridex malware attack. This malicious campaign affected the public, government, infrastructure and business worldwide. Dridex is a financial trojan with a range of capabilities. Affecting victims since 2014, it infects computers though phishing emails or existing malware. Capable of stealing passwords, banking details and personal data which can be used in fraudulent transactions, it has caused massive financial losses amounting to hundreds of millions. In response to the Dridex attacks, the U.K.’s National Cyber Security Centre advises the public to “ensure devices are patched, anti-virus is turned on and up to date and files are backed up”.
11 Romance scams Emotet malware
In February 2020, the FBI warned In late 2019, The Australian Cyber Security U.S. citizens to be aware of Centre warned national organizations about confidence fraud that cybercriminals a widespread global cyber threat from commit using dating sites, chat rooms Emotet malware. and apps. Perpetrators take Emotet is a sophisticated trojan that can steal advantage of people seeking new data and load other malware. Emotet thrives partners, duping victims into giving on unsophisticated password: a reminder of away personal data. the importance of creating a secure The FBI reports that romance cyber password to guard against cyber threats. threats affected 114 victims in New Mexico in 2019, with financial losses amounting to $1.6 million.
12 CYBER SAFETY TIPS - PROTECT YOURSELF AGAINST CYBERATTACKS How can businesses and individuals guard against cyber threats? Here are some top cyber safety tips: 1. Update your software and operating system: This means you benefit from the latest security patches. 2. Use anti-virus software: Security solutions like Kaspersky Total Security will detect and removes threats. Keep your software updated for the best level of protection. 3. Use strong passwords: Ensure your passwords are not easily guessable. 4. Do not open email attachments from unknown senders: These could be infected with malware. 5. Do not click on links in emails from unknown senders or unfamiliar websites: This is a common way that malware is spread. 6. Avoid using unsecure Wi-Fi networks in public places: Unsecure networks leave you vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks.
13 END-USER PROTECTION End-user protection or endpoint security is a crucial aspect of cyber security. After all, it is often an individual (the end-user) who accidentally uploads malware or another form of cyber threat to their desktop, laptop or mobile device. So, how do cyber-security measures protect end users and systems? First, cyber-security relies on cryptographic protocols to encrypt emails, files, and other critical data. This not only protects information in transit, but also guards against loss or theft. In addition, end-user security software scans computers for pieces of malicious code, quarantines this code, and then removes it from the machine. Security programs can even detect and remove malicious code hidden in primary boot record and are designed to encrypt or wipe data from computer’s hard drive.
14 Electronic security protocols also focus on real-time malware detection. Many use heuristic and behavioural analysis to monitor the behaviour of a program and its code to defend against viruses or Trojans that change their shape with each execution (polymorphic and metamorphic malware). Security programs can confine potentially malicious programs to a virtual bubble separate from a user's network to analyse their behaviour and learn how to better detect new infections. Security programs continue to evolve new defences as cyber-security professionals identify new threats and new ways to combat them. To make the most of end-user security software, employees need to be educated about how to use it. Crucially, keeping it running and updating it frequently ensures that it can protect users against the latest cyber threats.
15 CONCLUSION In this Cyber Security presentation, we have seen the definition of Cyber Security, the scale of the cyber threat, and the importance of cyber security in order to stay protected against cyber threats. We have also seen types of cybersecurity threats and the latest cyber threats. In the end, we have seen the ways in which we can stay protected from cyberattacks. We have also specially explored the role of end-user protection in order to stay protected from these threats. Overall, we came to know from here that cyber security is a very important aspect of the 21st century and should not be ignored. We should deploy different measures in order to stay protected against viruses, malware, spyware, trojans and other types of cyberthreats. 16 BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. What Is Cybersecurity? – Cisco
2. What is Cyber Security? | Definition, Types, and User Protection 3. Download Human Text Wallpaper Question Desktop Behavior Mark HQ PNG Image | FreePNGImg
17 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are grateful to our Computer teacher, Joyita
Ma’am for giving us the opportunity to create a presentation on the topic ‘Cyber Security’. We also acknowledge the resources that we have used for this presentation. We also acknowledge the help received from our friends in order to do this presentation. 18 Amarjit Sahu
