Question Bank

Mathematics-IV[BAS303]
B.Tech 2nd Year
2023-24
Unit-1 [Partial Differential Equations]
1. Form a partial differential equation for the following equations by eliminating arbitrary
constants.
(i) 𝑧 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑎𝑏 (ii) 𝑎𝑧 + 𝑏 = 𝑎2 𝑥 + 𝑦
2. Form a partial differential equation for following equations by eliminating arbitrary
functions.
(i) 𝑧 = ∅(𝑥). 𝜓 (𝑦)
(ii) 𝑧 = 𝑓(𝑥 + 𝑖𝑡) + 𝑔(𝑥 − 𝑖𝑡), where 𝑖 = √−1 .
(iii) ∅(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 , 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 ) = 0
(iv) 𝑓 (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 , 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 ) = 0
3. Solve the partial differential equation (𝑥 2 − 𝑦𝑧)𝑝 + (𝑦 2 − 𝑧𝑥 )𝑞 = 𝑧 2 − 𝑥𝑦
4. Solve the following partial differential equations
𝑦 2𝑧
(i) 𝑦𝑞 − 𝑥𝑝 = 𝑧 (ii) 𝑝 + 𝑥𝑧𝑞 = 𝑦 2
𝑥

5. Solve the partial differential equation 𝑥(𝑦 2 + 𝑧)𝑝 − 𝑦(𝑥 2 + 𝑧)𝑞 = 𝑧 (𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 ) where
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
𝑝 = 𝜕𝑥 , 𝑞 = 𝜕𝑦 .
6. Solve (𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 − 𝑦𝑧)𝑝 + (𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 − 𝑧𝑥 )𝑞 = 𝑧(𝑥 − 𝑦)
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
7. Solve 𝑥 2 (𝑦 − 𝑧) 𝜕𝑥 + 𝑦 2 (𝑧 − 𝑥 ) 𝜕𝑦 = 𝑧 2 (𝑥 − 𝑦) by Lagrange’s method.
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
8. Solve (𝑚𝑧 − 𝑛𝑦) 𝜕𝑥 + (𝑛𝑥 − 𝑙𝑧) 𝜕𝑦 = 𝑙𝑦 − 𝑚𝑥
𝑦−𝑧 𝜕𝑧 𝑧−𝑥 𝜕𝑧 𝑥−𝑦
9. Solve the partial differential equation ( 𝑦𝑧 ) 𝜕𝑥 + ( 𝑧𝑥 ) 𝜕𝑦 = .
𝑥𝑦
10. Solve the partial differential equation (𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 − 𝑧 2 )𝑝 + 2𝑥𝑦𝑞 = 2𝑥𝑧 by Lagrange’s
method.
11. Solve (𝑝2 + 𝑞 2 )𝑦 = 𝑞𝑧 by Charpit’s method.
12. Solve 2𝑥𝑧 − 𝑝𝑥 2 − 2𝑞𝑥𝑦 + 𝑝𝑞 = 0.
13. Solve the PDE 𝑧𝑥 𝑧𝑦 − 𝑧 = 0 subject to the condition 𝑧(𝑠, −𝑠) = 1.
14. Solve (𝑝2 + 𝑞 2 )𝑥 = 𝑝𝑧
15. Find a complete integral of 𝑝𝑥𝑦 + 𝑝𝑞 + 𝑞𝑦 = 𝑦𝑧.
16. Find a complete integral of 𝑧𝑝𝑞 = 𝑝 + 𝑞.

Subject Teacher : Anuj Kumar Tyagi

17. Find a complete integral of 2𝑧 + 𝑝2 + 𝑞𝑦 + 2𝑦 2 = 0.
18. Solve the following partial differential equations:
(i) 𝑧 = 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞𝑦 + √1 + 𝑝2 + 𝑞 2
(ii) 𝑝+𝑞 = 1
(iii) 𝑧 = 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞𝑦 + log(𝑝𝑞 ).
(iv) 𝑝𝑞 = 𝑘, 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑘 𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡.
(v) 𝑝2 + 𝑞 2 = 𝑚2 , 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑚 𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡.
𝑝 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
(vi) 𝑧 = 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞𝑦 + ,𝑝 = ,𝑞 = .
𝑝+𝑞 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
19. Solve the following linear partial differential equations:
𝜕2𝑧 𝜕 2𝑧 𝜕2𝑧
(i) − 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 − 6 𝜕𝑦 2 = 0
𝜕𝑥 2
𝜕 4𝑧 𝜕4𝑧
(ii) + 𝜕𝑦 4 = 0
𝜕𝑥 4
𝜕 2𝑢 𝜕 2𝑢 𝜕2 𝑢
(iii) − 3 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 + 4 𝜕𝑦 2 = 𝑒 𝑥+2𝑦
𝜕𝑥 2
𝜕 2𝑧 𝜕2𝑧 𝜕2𝑧
(iv) + 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 − 6 𝜕𝑦 2 = cos(2𝑥 + 𝑦)
𝜕𝑥 2
(v) 𝑟 − 4𝑠 + 4𝑡 = exp(2𝑥 + 𝑦)
𝜕 2𝑧 𝜕2𝑧 𝜕2𝑧
(vi) − 2 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 + 𝜕𝑦 2 = sin 𝑥
𝜕𝑥 2
20. Solve the following linear partial differential equations:
𝜕 3𝑧 𝜕 3𝑧 𝜕3𝑧
(i) − 4 𝜕𝑥 2𝜕𝑦 + 4 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 2 = 4 sin(2𝑥 + 𝑦)
𝜕𝑥 3
𝜕 3𝑧 𝜕 3𝑧 𝜕3𝑧
(ii) − 7 𝜕𝑥 2𝜕𝑦 + 6 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 2 = sin(𝑥 + 2𝑦) + 𝑒 3𝑥+𝑦
𝜕𝑥 3
(iii) (𝐷2 − 𝐷𝐷′ )𝑧 = cos 𝑥 cos 2𝑦
(iv) 𝑟 + 𝑠 − 2𝑡 = √2𝑥 + 𝑦
(v) 𝑟 + (𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑠 + 𝑎𝑏𝑡 = xy
(vi) (2𝐷2 + 5𝐷𝐷′ + 3𝐷 ′ 2 )𝑧 = 𝑦𝑒 𝑥
(vii) (𝐷3 − 4𝐷2 𝐷′ + 5𝐷𝐷′2 − 2𝐷′3 )𝑧 = 𝑒 𝑦+2𝑥 + (𝑦 + 𝑥)1/2
21. Solve the following linear partial differential equations:
(i) (𝐷 + 1)(𝐷 + 𝐷′ − 1)𝑧 = 𝑆𝑖𝑛 (2𝑥 + 3𝑦)
(ii) 𝐷(𝐷 + 𝐷′ − 1)(𝐷 + 3𝐷′ − 2)𝑧 = 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑦 2
(iii) (𝐷 − 𝐷′ − 1)(𝐷 − 𝐷′ − 2)𝑧 = 𝑆𝑖𝑛 (2𝑥 + 3𝑦)
22. Solve the following linear partial differential equations:
𝜕2𝑧 𝜕2𝑧 𝜕2𝑧
(i) 𝑥2 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦2 = 𝑥𝑚𝑦𝑛
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑦 2
2 ′2
(ii) (𝑥 2 𝐷2 − 4𝑥𝑦𝐷𝐷′ + 4𝑦 𝐷 + 6𝑥𝐷′ ) 𝑧 = 𝑥 3 𝑦 4
𝜕2 𝜕2
(iii) (𝑥 2 𝐷2 − 𝑦 2 𝐷′2 )𝑧 = 𝑥𝑦, 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝐷2 = 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐷′2 = 2
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
𝜕 2𝑧 𝜕2𝑧 𝜕𝑧
(iv) 𝑥 2 𝜕𝑥 2 − 4𝑦 2 𝜕𝑦 2 − 4𝑦 𝜕𝑦 − 𝑧 = 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 log 𝑥

Subject Teacher : Anuj Kumar Tyagi

 Mathematics-IV [BAS 303]
UNIT-2
[Application of Partial Differential Equations]
∂2 u ∂u ∂u
1. Using the method of separation of variables, Solve − 2 ∂x + ∂y = 0.
∂x2

∂u ∂u
2. Solve by method of separation of variables y 3 ∂x + x 2 ∂y = 0.

∂2 u
3. Solve by method of separation of variables x ∂x ∂y + 2yu = 0.

4. Solve the following equation by method of separation of variables

∂2 u ∂u
= e−t cos x, given that u = 0when t = 0and = 0 when x = 0
∂x ∂t ∂t

5. Using the method of separation of variables, find the solution of PDE

∂u ∂u
3 +2 =0; u(x, 0) = 4e−x
∂t ∂x
∂2 u ∂u
6. Solve = 2u + ∂y, using method of separation of variables subject to the conditions
∂x2

∂u
u = 0 and = e−3y when x = 0 for all values of y.
∂x

7. Solve the following differential equations by the method of separation of variables:

∂u ∂u
4 ∂t + ∂x = 3u, given u = 3e−x − e−5x ,when t = 0.

8. Solve the following partial differential equation by method of separation of variables:

∂u ∂u
− ∂x + 2u = 0, u(x, 0) = 10e−x − 6e−4x .
∂t

9. Solve the PDE by separation of variables method

∂2 u ∂u ∂u
= ∂y + 2u, u(0, y) = 0, ∂x (0, y) = 1 + e−3y .
∂x2

10. Solve the following partial differential equation by using method of separation of
∂z ∂2 z
variables: ∂x + ∂y2 = 0, z(x, 0) = 0, z(x, π) = 0, z(0, y) = 4sin3y.

11. A string is stretched and fastened to two points L apart. Motion is started by displacing
πx
the string in the form of y = a sin from which it is released at time t = 0. Show that
L

the displacement of any point at a distance x from one end at time t is given by
πx πct
y(x, t)) = a sin cos .
L L

12. A tightly stretched string with fixed end points x = 0and x = l is initially in a position
πx
given by y = y0 sin3 . If it is released from rest from this position, Find the
l

displacement y(x, t).

13. A tightly stretched string with fixed ends points x = 0 and x = π is initially at rest in
its equilibrium position. If it is set vibrating by giving to each of its points an initial
∂y
velocity ( ∂t ) = 0.03 sin x − 0.04 sin 3x then find the displacement y(x, t) at any
t=0

point of string at any time t.

14. If a string of length 𝐿 is initially at rest in equilibrium position and each of its points is
∂y πx
given the velocity ( ∂t ) = b sin 3 ( L ). Find the displacement y(x, t).
t=0

15. Calculate the deflection u(x, 0) of tightly stretched vibrating string of unit length that
is initially at rest and whose initial position is given by
1 1
sin πx + 3 sin 3πx + 5 sin 5πx , 0 ≤ x ≤ 1.

16. A string is stretched and fastened to two points 𝑙 apart. Motion is started by displacing
the string in the form of y = λ(𝑙𝑥 − 𝑥 2 ) from which it is released at time t = 0. Find the
displacement y(x, t)) of any point at a distance x from one end at time t.
17. Find the solution of two-dimensional wave equation.
18. Find the deflection 𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑡) of a rectangular membrane with sides 𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐 having
wave velocity 𝑐 = 1 it the initial velocity is zero and the initial deflection is
2𝜋𝑥 3𝜋𝑦
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = sin sin .
𝑎 𝑏

19. Find the temperature in a bar of length 2 whose ends are kept at zero and lateral surface
πx 5πx
insulated if the initial temperature is sin + 3 sin .
2 2
∂u ∂2 u
20. Determine the solution of one-dimensional heat equation = ∂x2 where the boundary
∂t
πx
conditions are u(0, t) = u(l, t) = 0, (t > 0) and the initial condition, u(x, 0) = 3 sin l

, l being the length of bar.

21. A rod of length l with insulated sides is initially at uniform temperature u0 . Its ends
suddenly cooled to 0℃ and are kept to that temperature. Calculate the temperature
function u(x, 0).
22. Solve by the method of separation of variables, the heat equation ut = uxx , 0 < x <
1, t > 0 subject to the initial and boundary conditions u(x, 0) = x − x 2 , u(0, t) =
u(1, t) = 0.
23. An insulated rod of length of L has its ends A and B maintained at 0℃ and 100℃
respectively until steady state conditions prevail. If B is suddenly reduced to 0℃ and
maintained at 0℃ ,find the temperature at a distance x from point A at time t.

Subject Teacher : Anuj Kumar Tyagi

24. The ends A and B of a rod 20 cm long have the temperature at 30℃ and at 80℃ until
steady state prevails. The temperatures of the ends are changed to 40℃ and at 60℃
respectively. Find the temperature distribution in the rod at time t.
25. A rectangular plate with insulated surface is 10 cm wide and so long compared to its
width that it may be considered infinite in length without introducing an appreciable
error. If the temperature along the short edge y = 0 is given by:
20x, 0 ≤ x ≤ 5
u(x, 0) = {
20(10 − x), 5 < x ≤ 10
While the two edges x = 0 and x = 10 as well as the other short edge are kept at
00 C.Find the steady state temperature at any point (x, y) of the plate.
26. Solve the Laplace equation uxx + uyy = 0, xϵ(0,1), yϵ(0,1) with the conditions
u(x, 0) = u(x, 1) = 0 and u(0, y) = 0, u(1, y) = f(y) by using the method of
separation of variables.
∂2 u ∂2 u
27. Using the method of separation of variables, Solve the equation + ∂y2 = 0, Subject
∂x2

nπx
to the condition u(0, y) = 0 , u(l, y) = u(x, 0) = 0 and u(x, a) = sin ( ).
l

∂2 u ∂2 u
28. Determine the solution of Laplace equation + ∂y2 = 0, u subject to the boundary
∂x2

conditions u(0, y) = u(l, y) = 0, u(x, 0) = 0, u(x, a) = f(x).

∂2 u ∂2 u
29. Solve + ∂y2 = 0, Subject to the condition u(0, y) = 0 , u(a, y) = 0, u(x, 0) = 0
∂x2

and u(x, b) = x.
∂2 u ∂2 u
30. Solve + ∂y2 = 0, Subject to the condition u(x, 0) = 0 , u(x, 1) = 0, u(∞, y) = 0
∂x2

and u(0, y) = 𝑢0 .
31. An infinitely long plane uniform plate is bounded by two parallel edges and an end at
right angles to them. The breadth is 𝜋. This end is maintained at temperature 𝑢0 at all
points and other edges are at zero temperature. Determine the temperature at any point
of the plate in steady state.
32. A rectangular plate with insulated surface is 8 cm wide and so long compared to its
width that it may be considered infinite in length without introducing an appreciable
error. If the temperature along the short edge y = 0 is given by:
𝜋𝑥
u(x, 0) = 100 sin , 0 < 𝑥 < 8. While the two edges x = 0 and x = 8 as well as the
8

other short edge are kept at 00 C. Show that the steady state temperature at any point of
𝜋𝑥
𝜋𝑥
the plate is given by u(x, y) = 100 𝑒 − 8 sin .
8

Subject Teacher : Anuj Kumar Tyagi

 1 for |x| ≤ 1 ∞ sin x
33. . Find the Fourier transform of f(x) = { } hence evaluate ∫0 dx.
0 for |x| > 1 x
1 − x 2 for |x| ≤ 1
34. Find the Fourier transform of f(x) = { } and use it to evaluate
0 for |x| > 1
∞ xcosx−sinx x
∫0 ( ) cos 2 dx.
x3
∞ 𝑥 sin 𝑚𝑥 𝜋
35. Find the Fourier sine transform of 𝑒 −|𝑥| . Hence show that ∫0 𝑑𝑥 = 2 𝑒 −𝑚 ,
1+𝑥 2
𝑚 > 0.
e−ax
36. Find the Fourier sine transform of . Hence find Fourier sine transform of 1/x.
x
1
37. Find the Fourier cosine transform of and hence, find Fourier sine transform of
1+x2
x
.
1+x2
2 2
38. Find Fourier cosine transform of e−a x and hence, find Fourier sine transform of
2 2
xe−a x
39. Find Fourier sine and cosine transform of
1
40. (a) x n−1 (b) x (c) e−ax (d) x n e−ax
√
x2 s2
41. Show that the Fourier transforms of f(x) = e− 2 is e− 2 .
42. State and prove modulation and convolution theorem for Fourier transform.
∂u ∂2 u
43. Using Fourier transform Solve = x > 0, t > 0 subject to the conditions
∂t ∂t2
1, 0<x<1
(i) u = 0 x = 0, where t > 0 (ii)u = { } when t = 0.
0, x≥1
(iii) u(x, t) is bounded.
∂u ∂2 u
44. Using Fourier transform solve =k for x ≥ 0, t ≥ 0 under the given
∂t ∂x2
conditions u = u0 at x = 0, t > 0 with initial condition u(x, 0) = 0, x ≥ 0.
∂V ∂2 V
45. Using Fourier transform solve = , −∞ < x < ∞, t > 0; V(x, 0) = f(x).
∂t ∂x2
∂u ∂2 u
46. Using Fourier transform solve = k ∂x2 for 0 ≤ x < ∞, t ≥ 0 under the given
∂t
∂u
conditions (i) u(x, 0) = 0, for x ≥ 0 (ii) (0, t) = −a (constant) (iii) u(x, t) is
∂x
bounded.
∂u ∂2 u
47. Use Fourier sine transform to solve the equation ( ∂t ) = 2 ( ∂x2 ) under the given
conditions (i) u(0, t) = 0 (ii) u(x, 0) = e−x (iii) u(x, t)is bounded.

Subject Teacher : Anuj Kumar Tyagi

 Mathematics-IV [BAS 303]
UNIT- III: Statistical Techniques-I

1. Find the arithmetic mean of the following frequency distribution:

X 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
f 5 9 12 17 14 10 6
2. Find the median of 6,8,9,10,11,12,13.
3. In an asymmetrical distribution mean is 16 and median is 20. Calculate the mode of the
distribution.
4. Calculate the first four central moments about the mean of the following data:
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
f 1 8 28 56 70 56 28 8 1
5. The following table represents the height of a batch of 100 students. Calculate skewness
and kurtosis:
Height (in cm) 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 73 75

No. of students 0 2 6 20 40 20 8 2 2

6. Find all four central moments and discuss skewness and kurtosis and also Karl Pearson
skewness for the frequency distribution given below:
Range of Expend. In Rs (100)/month 2-4 4-6 6-8 8-10 10-12
No. of Families 38 292 389 212 69
7. First four moments about 2 are 1, 2.5, 5.5 and 16 respectively. Find the first four central
moments, moments about origin and coefficient of skewness.
8. The first four moments of a distribution about the value 4 of the variables are-1.5, 17, -30
and 80. Find moments 𝜇1 , 𝜇2 , 𝜇3 ,𝜇1 about mean. Also find 𝛽1 and 𝛽2 .
9. Compute skewness and Kurtosis, if the first four moments of a frequency distribution
about the value 4 of the variable are 1,4,10 and 45.
10. Define skewness and kurtosis of a distribution. The first four moments of a distribution are
0, 2.5, 0.7 and 18.71. Find the coefficient of skewness and kurtosis.
11. The first two moments about a value 2 of the variable are 1, 16. Show that mean is 3 and
variance is 15.
12. Fit a parabolic curve of second degree to the following data:

x 0 1 2 3 4
y 1 1.8 1.3 2.5 6.3

𝑐1
13. Use the method of least squares to fit the curve 𝑦 = 𝑐0 𝑥 + for the following data.
√𝑥

X 0.2 0.3 0.5 1 2

Y 16 14 11 6 3

14. Use the method of least squares to fit the curve 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑏 𝑥 for the following data.

x 2 3 4 5 6
y 144 172.8 207.4 248.8 298.5

Subject Teacher : Anuj Kumar Tyagi

15. Use the method of least squares to fit the curve 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑏 𝑥 for the following data.

x 2 3 4 5 6
y 8.3 15.4 31.1 65.2 127.4

16. Find an exponential curve 𝑝𝑣 𝑟 = 𝑘 for the data.

V 50 100 150 200
p 135 48 26 17

17. Determine the constants a and b by the method of least squares such that 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑒 𝑏𝑥 fits
the following data:

x 2 4 6 8 10
y 4.077 11.084 30.128 81.897 222.62

18. Use the method of least squares to fit the curve 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 𝑏 for the following data.

x 1 2 3 4 5
y 7.1 27.8 62.1 110 161
19. Obtain a relation of the form 2𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 for the following data.

x 1 5 7 9 12
y 10 15 12 15 21

𝑏
20. Estimate y at 𝑥 = 5 by fitting a least squares curve of the form 𝑦 = 𝑥(𝑥−𝑎) to the
following data.

x 3.6 4.8 6 7.2 8.4 9.6 10.8

y 0.83 0.31 0.17 0.10 0.07 0.05 0.04
21. Obtain the least squares fit of the form 𝑓 (𝑡) = 𝑎𝑒 −3𝑡 + 𝑏𝑒 −2𝑡 for the given data.

t 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4

f(t) 0.76 0.58 0.44 0.35
𝑏
22. Using the method of least squares, fit a curve 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑥 for the following data.

x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
y 5.4 6.2 8.2 10.3 12.6 14.8 17.2 19.5
23. Fit a parabolic curve of regression of y on x to the following data:

X 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0

Y 1.1 1.3 1.6 2.0 2.7 3.4 4.1
24. Write the formula of Karl Pearson correlation coefficient and write the range of
correlation coefficient.
25. Calculate the correlation coefficient for the following heights (in inches) of
fathers(𝑋) and their sons (𝑌):

x 65 66 67 67 68 69 70 72
y 67 68 65 68 72 72 69 71

Subject Teacher : Anuj Kumar Tyagi

26. The following table gives age (x) in years of cars and annual maintenance cost (y) in
hundred rupees.
x 1 3 5 7 9
y 15 18 21 23 22
Calculate the maintenance cost for a 4-year-old car after finding the regression equation.
27. In a partial destroyed laboratory record of an analysis of correlation data, the following
result only are legible:
Variance of 𝑥 = 9
Regression equations:8𝑥 − 10𝑦 + 66 = 0 ; 40𝑥 − 18𝑦 = 214
What were (a) the mean value of x and y (b) the standard deviation of y and the coefficient of
correlation between x and y?
28. If 4𝑥 − 5𝑦 + 33 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 20𝑥 − 9𝑦 = 107 are two lines of regression. Find the mean
values of 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦, the coefficient of correlation and the standard deviation of 𝑦 if the
variance of 𝑥 is 9.
29. If Regression Coefficients are 0.8 and 0.2, what would be the value of coefficient of
correlation?
30. The lines of regression of y on x and x on y are respectively 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 5 and 16𝑥 − 9𝑦 =
94. Find the correlation coefficient.
31. If covariance between x and y variable is 10 and the variance of x and y are respectively 16
and 9, find the coefficient of correlation.
32. For 10 observations on price (x) and supply (y) the following data were obtained
∑ 𝑥 = 130, ∑ 𝑦 = 220, ∑ 𝑥 2 = 2288, ∑ 𝑦 2 = 5506 and ∑ 𝑥𝑦 = 3467. Obtain the two
lines of regression.
33. The regression lines of y on x and x on y are respectively 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 and 𝑥 = 𝑐𝑦 + 𝑑.
𝑎
Show that the ratio of standard deviations of y and standard deviation of x is √ 𝑐 . Also
𝑏𝑐+𝑑 𝑎𝑑+𝑏
prove that 𝑥̅ = and 𝑦̅ = .
1−𝑎𝑐 1−𝑎𝑐
34. If for two random variables, x and y with same mean, the two regression lines are 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 +
𝑏 1−𝑎
𝑏 and 𝑥 = 𝛼𝑦 + 𝛽, then show that 𝛽 = 1−𝛼.
35. Find the coefficient of correlation (𝑟) and obtain the equation to the lines of regression for
the following data:
x 6 2 10 4 8
y 9 11 5 8 7
36. If the 𝜃 is the acute angle between the two regression lines in the case of two variables x
1−𝑟 2 𝜎 𝜎
and y, show that tan 𝜃 = . 𝜎2𝑥+ 𝜎𝑦2 , where r, 𝜎𝑥 , 𝜎𝑦 have their usual meanings. Explain
𝑟 𝑥 𝑦

the significance of the formula when 𝑟 = 0 and 𝑟 = ∓1.

37. The equations of two regression lines, obtained in a correlation analysis of 60 observations
are:
5𝑥 = 6𝑦 + 24 and 1000𝑦 = 768𝑥 − 3608. What is the correlation coefficient? Show that
5
the ratio of coefficient of variability of x to that of y is . What is the ratio of variances of
24
x and y?
38. The regression equations calculated from a given set of observations for two random
variables are 𝑥 = −0.4𝑦 + 6.4 and 𝑦 = −0.6𝑥 + 4.6. Calculate (i) 𝑥 and 𝑦 (ii) r

Subject Teacher : Anuj Kumar Tyagi

 Mathematics-IV [BAS 303]
UNIT-4 [Statistical Techniques-II]
1. A bag contains 10 white and 15 black balls. If two balls are drawn in succession without
replacement, then find the probability that the first ball is white and the second ball is
black.
2. A and B are two independent events such that 𝑃(𝐴) = 0.4, 𝑃 (𝐴 ∪ 𝐵𝑐 ) = 0.7. Find the
𝑃(𝐵).Where 𝐵𝑐 is the complementary event of event B.
3. If the probability mass function of a discrete random variable X is

X 1 2 3
P(X) 1 1 1
2 3 6
Find mean and variance.
4. A variate X has the probability distribution
X -3 6 9
P(X=x) 1/6 1/2 1/3
Find 𝐸 (𝑋) and 𝐸 (𝑋 2 ). Hence evaluate 𝐸 (2𝑋 + 1)2 .
5. The probability density function of a variable X is
X 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
P(X) 𝜆 3𝜆 5𝜆 7𝜆 9𝜆 11𝜆 13𝜆
(i) Find 𝑃(𝑋 < 4), 𝑃(𝑋 ≥ 5), 𝑃(3 < 𝑋 ≤ 6)
(ii) What will be the maximum value of λ so that 𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 2) > 3.
6. A random variable X has the following probability function
X 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
P(X) 0 k 2k 2k 3k 𝑘 2
2𝑘 2 2
7𝑘 + 𝑘
(i) Find the value of k.
(ii) Evaluate 𝑃 (𝑋 < 6), 𝑃(𝑋 ≥ 6)𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑃(0 < 𝑋 < 5).
7. Is the function defined as follows a density function?
𝑒 −𝑥 , 𝑥 ≥ 0
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = {
0, 𝑥<0
If so, determine the probability that the variate having this density will fall in the
interval (1, 2).
𝑘𝑥 3 , 𝑖𝑓 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3
8. If the probability density functions 𝑓(𝑥 ) = { ,find the value of k.
0, 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
1 3
Also find the probability between 𝑥 = 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = 2.
9. The frequency distribution of a measurable characterestic varying between 0 and 2 is
𝑥 3, 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1
as under 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = {
(2 − 𝑥 )3 , 1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2
Calculate the mean and standard deviation.
10. The probability density function 𝑓(𝑥) of a continuous random variable X is defined by
𝐴
, 5 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 10
𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = {𝑥 2 . Find the value of A
0 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
11. The probability density 𝑓(𝑥) of a continuous random variable is given by
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑦0 𝑒 −|𝑥| , −∞ < 𝑥 < ∞
Prove that 𝑦0 = 1/2. Find the mean and variance of the distribution.
1
12. Find the mean of the Binomial Distribution 𝐵 (4, 3).

Subject Teacher : Anuj Kumar Tyagi

13. Fit a binomial distribution for the following data and compare the theoretical
frequencies with the actual ones
x 0 1 2 3 4 5
f 2 14 20 34 22 8
14. Write probability mass function of binomial distribution and hence find mean and
variance of the distribution.
15. Out of 800 families with four children each, how many families would be expected to
have (assuming equal probabilities for boy and girl)
(i) 2 boys and 2 girls (ii) At least one boy (iii) No girl (iv) At most two girls.
16. Four persons are chosen at random from a group containing 3 men, 2 women and 4
children. Prove that the chance that exactly two of them will be children is 10/21.
17. A die is tossed twice, A success is getting 2 or 3 on a toss. Calculate mean.
18. Fit a Poisson distribution to the following data which give the number of yeast cells per
square for 400 squares
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
f 103 143 98 42 8 4 2 0 0 0 0
19. The distribution of the number of road accidents per day in a city is Poisson with mean
4. Find the number of days out of 100 days when there will be
(i) At least 2 accidents (ii) At most 3 accidents (iii)Between 2 and 5 accidents.
20. If the probability of a bad reaction from a certain injection is 0.001, determine the
chance that out of 2000 individuals more than two will get a bad reaction.
21. If X variable follow the Poisson distribution such that
𝑃(𝑋 = 2) = 9𝑃(𝑋 = 4) + 90𝑃(𝑋 = 6). Find mean, variance and distribution.
22. Define the Normal distribution. The daily wages of 1000 workers are distributed around
a mean of Rs. 140 and with a standard deviation of Rs. 10. Estimate the number of
workers whose daily waged will be
(i) Between Rs. 140 and Rs. 144
(ii) Less than Rs. 126 (iii) More than Rs. 160.
23. In a test on 2000 electric bulbs, it was found that the life of a particular make was
normally distributed with an average life of 2040 hours and standard deviation of 60
hours. Estimate the number of bulbs likely to burn for
(i) More than 2150 hours. (ii) Less than 1950 hours
(ii) More than 1920 hours and but less than 2160 hours.
24. In a sample of 1000 cases, the mean of a certain test is 14 and S.D is 2.5. Assuming the
distribution to be normal, find
(i) How many students score between 12 and 15?
(ii) How many score above 18? (iii) How many score below 8?
Given f (0.8) = 0.2881, f (0.4) =0.1554, f (1.6) =0.4452, f (2.4) =0.4918.
25. In a normal distribution, 31% of the items are under 45 and 8% are over 64. Find the
𝑡 𝑥2
1 −
mean and standard deviation of the distribution. It is given that if 𝑓(𝑡) = ∫ 𝑒 2 𝑑𝑥,
√ 2𝜋 0
then 𝑓(0.5) = 0.19 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓(1.4) = 0.42.
26. In a normal distribution, 12% of the items are under 30 and 85% items are under 60.
Find the mean and standard deviation.
27. The random variable X is said to follow the Normal distribution with mean 9 and
standard deviation 3, find 𝑥 𝑐 such that 𝑃(𝑋 > 𝑥 ′ ) = 0.16.
28. Write the probability density function of normal distribution and hence find it’s mean
and standard deviation.

Subject Teacher : Anuj Kumar Tyagi

 Mathematics-IV [BAS 303]
UNIT-5 [Statistical Techniques-III]
1. Define the followings:
(i) Null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis
(ii) Level of significance and critical region
(iii) Sampling errors
2. Write the applications of t-test, Z-test and 𝜒 2 -Test.
3. The height of 6 male participating in an athletic championship are found to be 175 cm,
168 cm,167 cm, 160 cm,173 cm and 168 cm. Can we conclude that the average height is
greater than 165 cm? Test at 5% level of significance.
4. The annual rainfall at a certain place is normally distributed with mean 45 cm. The
rainfall during the last five years are 48 cm, 42 cm, 40 cm, 44 cm and 43 cm. Can we
conclude that the average rainfall during the last five years is less than the normal
rainfall? Test at 5% level of significance.
5. The score of 10 candidates obtained in tests before and after attending some coaching
classes are given below:
Before 54 76 92 65 75 78 66 82 80 78
After 60 80 86 72 80 72 66 88 82 73
6. The heights of 6 randomly chosen sailors in inches are 63,65,68,69,71 and 72. Those of 9
randomly chosen soldiers are 61,62,65,66,69,70,71,72 and 73. Test whether the sailors
are on average taller than soldiers.
7. A random sample of 900 members has a mean 3.4 cm. Can it be reasonably regarded as a
sample from a large population of mean 3.2 cm and standard deviation 2.3 cm?
8. The average income of persons was Rs. 210 with a standard deviation of Rs. 10 in sample
of 100 people of city. For another sample of 150 persons, the average income was Rs 220
with standard deviation of Rs. 12. The Standard deviation of income of the people of the
city was Rs. 11. Test whether there is any significant difference between the average
income of the localities.
9. The following table shows the distribution of digits in the numbers chosen at random from
a telephone directory:
Digits: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Frequency: 1026 1107 997 966 1075 933 1107 972 964 853
Test whether the digits may be taken to occur equally frequently in the directory.
10. The following table gives the number of accidents that took place in an industry various
day of the week. Test if accidents are uniformly distributed over the week.
Day Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
No. of accidents 14 18 12 11 15 14
11. The theory predicts the proportion of beans in four groups A, B, C, D should be in the
ratio 9:3:3:1. In an experiment with 1600 beans the numbers in four groups were
882,313,287and 118.Does the experimental result support theory?
12. Fit a Poisson distribution to the following data and test the goodness of fit.
x 0 1 2 3 4
f 109 65 22 3 1
13. When the first proof of 392 pages of a book of 1200 pages were read, the distribution of
printing mistakes was found to be as follows:
No. of mistakes in a page(x) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
No. of pages(f) 275 72 30 7 5 2 1
14. A survey of 240 families with 4 children shows the following distribution:
Number of boys 4 3 2 2 0
Number of families 10 55 105 58 12
Test the hypothesis that male and female births are equal probable.
(Given 𝜒 2 0.5 = 3.84 and 11.1 for 4 d.f. and 5 d.f. respectively)
15. Records taken of the number of male and female births in 800 families having four
children are as follows:
No. of male births 0 1 2 3 4
No. of female births 4 3 2 1 0
No. of families 32 178 290 236 64
Test whether the data are consistent with that the Binomial law holds and the chance of
male birth is equal to that of female birth.
16. A die is thrown 276 times and the results of these throws are given below:
No. appeared on the die 1 2 3 4 5 6
Frequency 40 32 29 59 57 59
17. Twenty-two animal suffering from same disease with the same severity. A serum was
administered to 10 of the animals and the remaining were uninoculated to serve a control.
The results were as follows:
Recovered Died Total
Inoculated 7 3 10
Uninoculated 3 9 12
Total 10 12 22
Apply chi-square test to test the association between Inoculations and control the disease.
Interpret the result.
18. The following data is collected on two characters:
Smokers Non smokers
Literate 83 57
Illiterate 45 68
Based on this information can you say that there is no relation between habit of smoking
and literacy.
19. Can vaccination be regarded as preventive measure of small pox as evidenced by the
following data of 1482 persons exposed to smallpox in a locality. 368 in all were attacked
of these 1482persons and 343 were vaccinated and of these only 35 were attacked.
20. By 𝜒 2 -test, find out whether there is any association between income level and type of
schooling:(Given for degree of freedom 1, 𝜒 2 0.5 = 3.84)
Income Public School Govt. School
Low 200 400
High 1000 400
21. In a locality 100 persons were randomly selected and asked about their educational
achievements. The results are given below:
Education
Middle High School College
Sex Male 10 15 25
Female 25 10 15
22. The following table gives the sample means and ranges for I.Q. samples each of size 6, in
the production of certain component. Construct the central chart for mean and range
comment on the nature of control.

Sample No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Mean 37.5 49.8 51.5 59.2 54.7 34.7 51.4 61.4 70.7 75.3
Range R 9.5 12.8 10.8 9.1 7.8 5.8 14.5 2.8 3.7 8.0
23. The following data give the measurements of 10 samples each of size 5 in the production
process taken in an interval of 2 hours. Calculate the sample means and ranges and draw
the control charts for mean and range.

Sample Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Observed 49 50 50 48 47 52 49 55 53 54
measurement 55 51 53 53 49 55 49 55 50 54
54 53 48 51 50 47 49 50 54 52
x
49 46 52 50 44 56 53 53 47 54
53 50 47 53 45 50 45 57 51 56
24. Construct a p-chart for the following data:

Number of samples 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
(each of 100 items)
Number of defectives 12 10 6 8 9 9 7 10 11 8

25. In a blade manufacturing factory, 1000 blades are examined daily. Draw the np-chart for
the following table and examine whether the process is under control?

Day 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Defective Blades 9 10 12 8 7 15 10 12 10 8 7 13 14 15 16
26. The following set of data covering 15 consecutive production days on the number of
defectives found in daily production from a sample of 200 units. Draw a p-chart and test
whether the production was in control.

Production day 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Number of defectives 10 5 10 12 11 9 22 4 12 24 21 15 8 14 4
27. A drilling machine bores holes with a mean diameter of 0.5230 cm and a standard
deviation of 0.0032 cm. Calculate the 2-sigma and 3-sigma upper and lower control limits
for means of sample of 4.
28. Draw a C-chat for the following data pertaining to the number of foreign colored threads
(considered as defects) in 15 pieces of cloth of 2 m × 2 m in a certain make of synthetic
fiber and state your conclusions.
7,12,13,20,21,5,4,3,10,8,0,9,6,7,20.
29. An inspection of 10 samples of size 400 each from 10 lots revealed the following number
of defective units 17,15,14,26,9,4,19,12,9,15. Calculate control limits for the number of
defective units and state whether the process is under control or not.
30. 15 sample with size 200 each taken at an interval of 45 minutes from a manufacturing
process the average fraction defective was 0.068. Calculate the values of central line,
upper and lower control line.