2023 November 1B
2023 November 1B
UNIT: 4BI1
Science (Double Award) 4BI1/4SD0
PAPER: 1B
Instructions
•• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
If pencil is used for diagrams/sketches/graphs it must be dark (HB or B).
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
centre number and candidate number.
•• Answer all questions.
Answer the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
• Show all the steps in any calculations and state the units.
Information
•• The total mark for this paper is 110.
The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
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P73490A
©2023 Pearson Education Ltd.
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Answer ALL questions.
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an
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answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross .
1 This food web comes from a woodland ecosystem.
sparrow hawk
blackbird fox
greenfly snail
oak tree
A caterpillar
B earthworm
C oak tree
D stoat
A caterpillar
B earthworm
C fox
D ladybird
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(iii) Which organism is both a secondary and a tertiary consumer?
(1)
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A blackbird
B earthworm
C fox
D stoat
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(ii) Describe a different method the farmer could use to reduce the number of
greenfly on his crops.
(3)
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2 A student investigates the effect of different concentrations of sucrose on
potato tissue.
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The student first makes a series of sucrose solutions using this dilution table.
1 20 0 1.0
2 16 0.8
3 12 8 0.6
4 8 12 0.4
5 4 16 0.2
6 0 20 0.0
(a) Complete the table by writing the volume of distilled water for test tube 2.
(1)
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(b) This is the student’s method.
Step 1 cut six equal-size cylinders of potato each 5 cm in length
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(c) The table shows the student’s results.
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Concentration of Percentage
Original Final mass Change in mass
sucrose solution change in
mass in g in g in g
in mole per litre mass (%)
(i) Calculate the percentage change in mass for the 0.4 mole per litre
sucrose solution.
(2)
percentage change = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . %
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(ii) Comment on the effect of the different concentrations of sucrose on the
potato tissue.
(5)
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3 (a) A student investigates the differences between inhaled and exhaled air using
this apparatus.
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solution X
(ii) Explain the changes that will take place in solution X in test tube A and in
test tube B.
(3)
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(iii) Other than concentration of carbon dioxide, state one other difference
between exhaled air and inhaled air.
(1)
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................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................... ................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(b) Another student investigated the effect of the duration of exercise on their
breathing rate.
These are their results.
0 22
30 26
60 28
90 32
120 35
150 38
180 42
210 40
240 40
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(ii) Plot a line graph to show the effect of duration of exercise on breathing rate.
Join the points with straight lines.
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(5)
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(iv) Give one way the student could improve the reliability of their investigation.
(1)
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4 The diagram shows two samples of blood seen using a high power microscope.
One sample is of normal blood and the other sample is from a patient with a
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blood condition.
P
Q
(a) State two differences between the normal blood sample and the sample from the
patient with the blood condition.
(2)
1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(b) The line P–Q shown on the diagram has an actual length of 25 µm.
[1000 µm = 1 mm]
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magnification = × . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(c) In a healthy person 1 cm3 of blood contains 5.0 × 109 red blood cells.
An adult has 5.0 litres (5.0 dm3) of blood in their body.
Calculate the number of red blood cells in the body of a healthy adult.
Give your answer in standard form.
[1 dm3 = 1000 cm3]
(2)
number ......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(d) Using the information from the diagram and your own knowledge, comment on
the likely effect of the blood condition on the patient.
(4)
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5 Guinea pigs have either long hair or short hair. The hair length is controlled by one
gene with two alleles.
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The photograph shows a guinea pig with long hair and a guinea pig with short hair.
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(b) A breeder did the following crosses.
Cross 1 a male long-haired guinea pig with a female short-haired guinea pig,
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this produces five offspring all with short hair
Cross 2 a male short-haired guinea pig with a female long-haired guinea pig,
this produces four offspring all with short hair
Cross 3 a male short-haired offspring from cross 1 with a female short-haired
offspring from cross 2, this produces some offspring with long hair and
some offspring with short hair
(i) Draw a genetic diagram to show the parents, gametes and all possible
genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring from cross 3.
(4)
(ii) Calculate the probability that the first offspring born from cross 3 is a male
with short hair.
(2)
probability = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(iii) Some short-haired guinea pigs are homozygous and some short-haired
guinea pigs are heterozygous.
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(c) Guinea pigs stay completely still and do not move when they sense danger.
Describe how this behaviour has evolved by natural selection.
(4)
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6 The diagram shows a human reflex arc with some structures labelled. It is the
withdrawal reflex, which allows a person to remove their hand from a hot
object quickly.
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L
O P
M
R
Q
B P
C Q
D S
A L
B N
C M
D P
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(iii) Which structure is the motor neurone?
(1)
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A L
B M
C R
D S
A L
B M
C Q
D S
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(ii) The length of the nerve pathway in the withdrawal reflex arc is 180 cm.
The time a person takes to remove their hand away from a hot object is called
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the response time.
Explain why the actual response time is different from the time taken for a
nerve impulse to travel 180 cm.
(4)
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7 Biologists classify organisms into different groups. Two of these groups are bacteria
and fungi.
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(a) Complete the passage about bacteria by writing a suitable word or words in each
blank space.
(8)
Some bacteria are able to use the energy from the Sun to carry out
............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . but other bacteria are .............................................................. and feed on
Bacterial cells do not have a nucleus but most of their genetic material is
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(b) A microscopic single-celled fungus, yeast, is used in the production of bread.
Describe how yeast is used to produce bread.
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(4)
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8 The diagrams show the female reproductive system and the male reproductive
system with some structures labelled.
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R
U
W
B S
C U
D X
A R
B S
C W
D X
A R
B S
C W
D X
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(b) Some males have an operation called a vasectomy. This means that they do not
release sperm.
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This involves cutting and sealing the sperm ducts (vas deferens) inside the
man’s scrotum.
(i) On the diagram draw two lines to show where the cuts are made.
(1)
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(c) Female sterilisation is another operation that can be used as a permanent
way of preventing pregnancy. This involves cutting and sealing the
fallopian tubes (oviducts).
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Scientists compared female and male sterilisation, looking at the outcomes of
the operations.
This is their data.
The scientists concluded that male sterilisation should be recommended for most
couples considering a permanent way of preventing pregnancy.
Discuss this conclusion using data from the table.
(4)
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9 Farmers and scientists have worked together for the last 50 years to develop crop
plants and farm animals with desired characteristics.
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(a) Explain why selective breeding with crop plants is easier and quicker than
selective breeding with farm animals.
(3)
(b) Selective breeding in cattle has been used to improve features such as higher
milk yield, longer life and increased muscle mass.
Describe how selective breeding can be used to improve milk yield in dairy cattle.
(4)
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(c) Scientists and farmers are also selecting animals based on behaviour
and temperament.
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(i) Suggest why an animal with a calmer temperament may be more suitable for
the farmer on a dairy farm.
(2)
(ii) Cattle behaviour is also affected by the hormone adrenaline. When cattle are
more stressed, they have higher levels of adrenaline.
The effect of adrenaline on the cattle nervous system is similar to the effect of
adrenaline in humans.
Describe the production of adrenaline and its effects on the body.
(4)
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(iii) Stress in cattle can also affect their reproductive system, leading to damage to
the placenta.
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10 Plants absorb light energy for photosynthesis.
Some colours of light result in a higher rate of photosynthesis than other colours
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of light.
Devise an investigation to discover which colour of light results in a higher rate
of photosynthesis.
Include experimental details in your answer and write in full sentences.
(6)
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