Mathematics and Statistics (ES1052)

Tutorial Exercise on System of Linear Equations (Divisions E and L)

Sr. Question
No.
1. Reduce the following matrix to row echelon form (row reduce form) and hence
determine the rank. How many pivot elements are there? State the column numbers
where you observed the pivot elements.
1 1 2 4
1 0 1 6  .

 2 3 5 4
 
 3 2 1 1
2. Construct a matrix of order 4  6 as follows.
i) The first row of the matrix contents any six numbers from date of last Saturday of
November 2022.
ii) The second row elements of the matrix are a2 j  (1)2 j a1 j  j  1 to 6.
iii) The third row elements of the matrix are a3 j  2a1 j  j  1 to 6.
iv) The fourth row elements of the matrix are a4 j  a3 j  a1 j  j  1 to 6.
Reduce the constructed matrix to row echelon form (row reduce form) and hence
determine the rank. How many pivot elements are there? State the column numbers
where you observed the pivot elements.
3. Determine real values of a so that the system of equations have non-trivial solution
x  2 y  ax, 3 x  y  2 z  ay , and 2 x  3 y  z  az . Solve the system for this value of a .
Draw the graph of above equations for this value of a using any free online graphical
software and show the solution graphically.
4. a b 
Determine the possible conditions on a, b, c and d so that the matrix   is
c d 
1 0  1 0 
i) equivalent to   ii) equivalent to 0 0 .
0 1   
5. Determine whether the following set of equations possesses non-trivial solution. Draw
the graph of above equations using any free online graphical software and show the
solution graphically.
x  2 y  3 z  0, 2 x  3 y  4 z  0, 2 x  4 y 9 z  0 .
6. i) Use any free graphical software to graph the system 3 x  y  3, 6 x  2 y  1
ii) Use the graphs to determine whether the system is consistent or not.
iii) If the system is consistent, show the approximate solution graphically.
iv) Solve the system algebraically also.
v) Compare the solution obtained in step (iii) and step (iv). Write your
conclusion.
7. i) Use any free graphical software to graph the system 2 x  8 y  3, x  2 y  0
ii) Use the graphs to determine whether the system is consistent or not.
iii) If the system is consistent, show the approximate solution graphically.
iv) Solve the system algebraically also.
v) Compare the solution obtained in step (iii) and step (iv). Write your
conclusion.
8. Find the values of a , b and c such that the system of equations has
i) exactly one solution ii) infinite solutions iii) no solution.
x  5 y  z  0, x  6 y  z  0, 2 x  a y b z  c .
Draw the graph of above equations using any free online graphical software for each of
the above situations.
9. Determine the values of k such that the following system of equations does not have a
unique solution.
 Mathematics and Statistics (ES1052)
Tutorial Exercise on System of Linear Equations (Divisions E and L)

x  y  kz  3, x  ky  z  2, kx  y z  1 .
Solve the system for these values of k . Draw the graph of above equations using any
free online graphical software and show the solution graphically
10. Investigate the values of  and  such that the system
x  y  z  6, x  2 y  3z  10, x  2 y   z   has
i) No solution ii) A unique solution iii) An infinite solutions
11 Investigate for consistency and if possible find solution
x  y  z  6; x  y  3z  1: 15 x  3 y  9 z  21
12 Investigate for consistency and if possible find solution
2 x1  x2  2 x3  x4  6, 6 x1  6 x2  6 x3  12 x4  36
13 Investigate for consistency and if possible find solution
4 x1  3x2  3x3  3x4  1, 2 x1  2 x2  x3  x4  10
14 Determine which of the following matrices are in reduced echelon form and which are
in echelon form.
1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0  1 0 1 0  1
0 2  0 
i) 0 1 0 0 ii) 0 1 1 0
2 0 2 2 0
iii)  iv) 
0 0 0 3 3 0 0 1 0
0 0 1 1  0 0 0 1     
0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 1
15 Find the general solution of the system whose augmented matrix is
1 3 0 1 0 2  1 0 5 0 8 3
0 1 0 0 4 1  0 1 4 1 0 6  2 1 4
1
i)  ii)  iii) 
0 0 0 1 9 4 0 0 0 0 1 0  2 4 5 6 
   
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
16 Consider the following system 2 x1  2 x2  x3  3, x1  3 x2  x3  2, x1  2 x2  2 .
Write the system in matrix form. Perform the following sequence of operations on
rows of augmented matrix.
R12  R 2  2R 1 , R 3  R 1  R 23  R 3  4R 2
Write the reduced system. Solve the system completely.
17 Find the constrains on a and b so that the following system is consistent.
x  2 y  a,  2 x  4 y  2
18 Find the constrains on a, b and c so that the following system is consistent.
x  2 y  4 z  a,2 x  y  z  b,3x  y  3z  c
19 Find the point where the three lines  x  y  1, 6 x  5 y  3 and 12 x  5 y  39 intersect.
Sketch the lines.
20 Determine the values of k such that the linear system
kx  y  z  0, x  ky  z  0 , x  y  kz  0 has
a. A unique solution
b. A one-parameter family of solutions
c. A two-parameter family of solutions
21  k  1 3k  1 2k 
Consider A   k  1 4k  2 k  3  . The value/values of k for which

 2 3k  1 3(k  1) 
the rank of A is less than three.
 Mathematics and Statistics (ES1052)
Tutorial Exercise on System of Linear Equations (Divisions E and L)
Choose all possible correct choices
1 The system AX  B is consistent if (choose all possible correct options)
The coefficient matrix A is invertible
The matrix B is a null matrix
B is a member of column space of A
A is a diagonal matrix with all diagonal elements non zero
2 What is the value of a for which the following vectors are linearly independent?
 1 2 1 0 1 4
v1    , v2    , v3   
a 1 2 1 0 1
A) a  3 B) a 1 C) a3 D) a2
3
 1 2 1  2  1 1
       
Consider A   3 6 3  , u  1  , v   0  and w   3 
 2 4 2 0   1   2
Which of the following is/are correct statement/statements about
the given matrix and the given vectors?
u  Null (A) and w col (A) v  Null (A) and u col (A)
v  Null (A) and w col (A) u, v  Null (A) and w Row(A)
4 a 1 0
     
Consider the vectors u   1  , v   a  and w   1  in R . What is/are
3

0  3 a
     
value/values of a for which these vectors are linearly dependent?
(Choose all possible correct options)
A) a  0 B) a  2 C) a  1 D) a  2
5 Choose the correct option from the following about a system AX  0 , where
A is a non-zero matrix of order 1 5 ?
A] System has unique solution B] System has 1-parametric solution
C] System has no solution D] System has 4-parametric solution
6 Consider, W1   x,1, y  / x, y  R  R 3 and
W2   r  s,2r  s, r  3s  / r , s  R  R 3 then
3
A) W1 is a subspace of R but W2 is not a subspace of R 3 .
3 3
B) W1 is not a subspace of R but W2 is a subspace of R .
C) W1 and W2 both are not subspaces of R 3
D) W1 and W2 both are subspaces of R3