ISSN (Online) 2581-9429

IJARSCT
International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology (IJARSCT)

Volume 5, Issue 2, May 2021

Impact Factor: 4.819

Image Processing: Challenges and Application

Yojana Swapneel Samant
Department of Information Technology
Sir Sitaram and Lady Shantabai Patkar College of Arts and Science, Mumbai, India

Abstract: Digital image processing mainly involves the manipulation of digital image by changing their
numeric data for enhancing the quality of the image and to make it more processable according to
further obligations as applied. Nowadays image processing has become very easy due to the emergence
of smart computers graphics software etc. Image processing can be considered as a tool that is effective
for analysis in different fields and all the applications. in this paper issues faced by image processing
and its applications are listed.

Keywords: Image Processing, Issues, Applications

I. INTRODUCTION
As this advanced technology is changing all the domains of human life and creating innovative and new opportunities
for development image processing is one of the components which is used in various applications for better visibility
and clarity. Images from a very important Point As they come in most of the applications and enabling more enhanced
view for humans through computerized Technology. its application can be seen in various fields[1].

II. WHAT IS IMAGE PROCESSING

Image is a two-dimensional function that has a Spatial coordinate assigned as X and Y and when an image is
processed with the help of a digital computer is called digital image processing It is a technique that enhances raw
images which are captured from sensors and cameras which are extracted from satellite aircraft’s space etc. [2].
Image can also be called a compact representation of information portrayed in the form of colors and tones which
helps in conveying information in a concise way. And digital processing this information is extracted through computer
software by applying a lot of algorithms [3].

III. BENEFITS OF IMAGE PROCESSING

Image processing can have many benefits according to user requirements below listed are few benefits of image
processing:
1. Human interpretation can be done more relevantly through much processing.
2. Digital digital images can be acquired according to one’s need.
3. Information can be extracted from images for machine interpretation and to make image more suitable for
further processing.
4. Editing of image pixels can be done according to requirement also the contrast and density can be changed.
5. Retrieving and storing of an image can be done more easily.
6. Third-party provider can easily get hold of an image through electronic transmission [10].

IV. IMAGE PROCESSING ISSUES

4.1 Non-Trivial Issues
On the issues such as filtration regeneration restoration classification of pictures fusion segmentation etc. which
consume a lot of time to adjust such are called non-trivial issues

4.2 Accuracy
In image processing getting a hundred per cent accuracy is not possible which sometimes would lead to minor
problems in various sectors such as recognizing image or recognizing handwritten text etcetera
Copyright to IJARSCT DOI: 10.48175/IJARSCT-1276 484
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 ISSN (Online) 2581-9429
IJARSCT
International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology (IJARSCT)

Volume 5, Issue 2, May 2021

Impact Factor: 4.819

4.3 Diverse Methods of Processing

There are various techniques and methods which can be used for processing an image which is in itself a boon and an
issue as getting out of methods would help to find a lot of new ways to tackle the situation along with that which
method to use is a big question for the researchers, for example, there are various types of filtering such as Spatial
lowpass and spatial high pass for Fourier representation Fourier law pass Fourier high pass

V. APPLICATION
Image processing can be applied in various application to solve various problems in concepts through strenuous
efforts and research researchers have applied image processing on various applications considering certain limitations
and conditions or parameters for example getting better image techniques, principles improvisation expansion of space
and power, and how the application can be applied to the current situation in an efficient method [1]. Few of the
applications are as follow

5.1 Medical Diagnosis and Treatment

In the field of the medical and dental domain, image processing can be seen as to identify a certain disease order
study a certain sample load of image processing and images are required image recognition enhancement analysis such
kind of techniques are used for getting better images in the field of medicine which would help in attaining better
results [1].
With that 3-D images of the human body magnetic resonance imaging to scan any problems or medical interventions
and in such cases image processing has a very important part. Along with that to get an enhanced image to treat any
fractures is also used. Other applications that can be applied are radiography endoscopy stereo endoscopy computer
tomography electrocardiography etc. [5].

5.2 Agricultural
Food is the main component of humans life and agriculture is the production of food in turn boosting the country ‘s
economy. So, to enhance the growth of the crops and food production it would be better to predict the growth and seed
quality along with the soil and all the aspects which are involved in farming and agriculture in this technological
advancement doing such kind of predictions can be easy with the help of image processing [1].
With the help of image processing crop management can be done by identifying the seed quality and the condition of
seeds along with that identify nutrients in the plant fruit quality and land estimation and inspection can be done with the
help of image processing as it maps the flow of processing for precise agriculture by analyzing and monitoring all the
aspects [6].

5.3 Monitoring Applications

In this fast pace, world security has become a very the important aspect of human life and security can be in many
forms one of them is surveillance cameras through these cameras monitoring one action situations places can be done
in present time. And in this advanced world thermal imaging cameras are also used for detecting faults or human
features along with that there are hybrid cameras are also used [1].
Here and analyzing of image and understanding of content is done by extracting the characteristic images from the
video by segmenting the video in the sequence and then interpreting the understanding [7].
Along with that biometrics is also a form of monitoring system where is the extraction of physical features or
behavioral features are identified and stored for the purpose[8].

5.4 Disaster Management

Disaster prevention is a very important task to avoid any big disaster and image processing plays a very important
role by capturing images through satellite and analyzing the landslide-prone areas and taking action before the
uncertain there are various techniques which are used in for such work such as image registration identifying current
Copyright to IJARSCT DOI: 10.48175/IJARSCT-1276 485
www.ijarsct.co.in
 ISSN (Online) 2581-9429
IJARSCT
International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology (IJARSCT)

Volume 5, Issue 2, May 2021

Impact Factor: 4.819

moments predicting and estimating the deviation et cetera[1]. With the help of image processing segmentation based
on colors can be done for detecting fire and volcanic eruptions and the shortest route to reach the affected area[9].

5.5 Image Restoration

Image processing is also used in image restoration to get a clear image and restoring the original image this can be
done by eliminating the blur and noise in the image and increasing its quality[2].

5.6 Facial Recognition

Hair facial pattern is recognized from a human Face based on various aspects including the expression, the position,
the complexion etc. of a human face and then storing and recognizing the data whenever it is required[2].

VI. FUNDAMENTAL IMAGE PROCESSING STEPS

6.1 Image Acquisition
This process is mainly related to pre-processing of an image. And getting the image from its source

6.2 Image Enhancement

Here the important parts are highlighted and brought into light and various editing process such as brightness and
contrast can be changed

6.3 Imagery Restoration

Here the appearance of an image is improved and this step is carried out using certain mathematical or probabilistic
models or algorithms

6.4 Colour Image Processing

Hair coloring of an image is enhanced by using the technique of coloring models in a digital way

6.5 Wavelengths and Multi-Resolution Processing

Here images segmented into various wavelets and smaller parts for adjusting their compression and it can be used
when specially when the image is being used for web uses

6.6 Compression
As the name suggest it this step is used to reduce the size of an image for storage purpose

6.7 Morphological Processing

Here morphing of an image is carried out according to their shapes and sizes

6.8 Segmentation
Here the image is partitioned or segmented into various parts and this type is a bit difficult step in which the processor

6.9 The Presentation and Description

Re-presentation works with enhancing the characteristics and regional properties of an image and description work
with getting quantitative information

6.10 Recognition
Recognizing based on its description is done in this section

Copyright to IJARSCT DOI: 10.48175/IJARSCT-1276 486

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 ISSN (Online) 2581-9429
IJARSCT
International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology (IJARSCT)

Volume 5, Issue 2, May 2021

Impact Factor: 4.819

VII. CONCLUSION
Image processing is widely used in various sectors and its application can be seen in various domains where are the
quality of the age is increased and defined by the algorithms which are designed for the particular image processing
application. this paper mainly consists of it its application along with a few benefits and steps for better understanding.

REFERENCES
[1] Abhishek Gupta “Current Research Opportunities For Image Processing And Computer Vision” December
2019 DOI:10.7494/csci.2019.20.4.3163
[2] S. Kannadhasan, V.B.Bhapith “Research Issues on Digital Image Processing for Various Applications in this
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[3] http://www.egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/39539/1/Unit-10.pdf
[4] Common Issues With Image Processing https://www.eminenture.com/blog/5-commonissues-with-image-
processing/
[5] Shaik Naseera, G.K. Rajini, B. Venkateswarlu, Jasmin Pemeena Priyadarisini M “A Review on Image
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[6] Janwale Asaram Pandurng Santosh S. Lomte “Digital Image Processing Applications in Agriculture: A
Survey” Volume 5, Issue 3, March 2015 ISSN: 2277 128X
[7] Francesco Ziliani Andrea Cavallaro “Image Analysis for Video Surveillance Based on Spatial Regularization
of a Statistical Model-Based Change Detection” Volume 7, Issue 5, October 2001, Pages 389-399.
[8] Deepayan Bhowmik, Mehryar Emambakhsh “Image Processing for Surveillance and Security” April 2017
DOI:10.4018/978-1-5225-2498-4.ch003
[9] Khan, Wasik Ahmed “Disaster management using image processing” 2018, http://hdl.handle.net/10361/10521
[10] What Is Image Processing : Overview, Applications, Benefits, and Who Should Learn It https://www.simplile
arn.com/image-processingarticle

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