Compound Sentences

Group: 03
Presented By:
Eman Ali 22011502-007
Amina Mohsin 22011502-031
Sundas Tariq 22011502-048
Sabahat Noor 22011502-052
Noor-un-Nisa 22011502-033
Presented To:
Madam Ansa Ahsan.
“Introduction Of Compound Sentences”

Name:
Eman Ali

Roll Number:
22011502-007
Definition Of
Compound Sentence:
A compound sentence is a type of sentence that
Consists of two or more independent clauses
Joined by a coordinating conjunction, such as
“and”, “but”, “or”. Each independent clause
in a compound sentence can stand alone as a
complete sentence.

Example:
1. I really need to go work, but I am too sick to drive.
2. It started to rain, so we went inside.
 “Structure of Compound Sentences”

Independent Clauses
• A compound sentence is made up of two or more independent clauses, each of
which can function as a stand alone sentence.

Coordinating Conjunction
• The independent clauses are joined together by coordinating conjunctions. There
are 7 coordinating conjunctions: for, or, nor, but, and, yet, so. They can be
remembered by using acronym FANBOYS.
 Comma Usage
• A comma is typically placed before the coordinating conjunction to separate
the independent clauses.

Coordinating Conjunctions in Compound

Sentences.

1- Common Coordinating Conjunctions:

The most common coordinating conjunctions used in compound sentences are: and, but,
or, nor, for, so, yet.
2- Conjunctions and Clause Relationships:
Each coordinating conjunction indicates a specific relationship between the independent
clauses, such as addition, contrast, or choice.

3- Conjunction Selection:
The choice of coordinating conjunction depends on the desired relationship between the
clauses and the writer’s intended meaning.

Importance of compound sentences in Syntax:

• Sentence Variety
• Compound sentences add diversity to writing by creating more complex and
1 nuanced expressions, preventing monotony.

• Logical Connections
• The coordinating conjunctions in compound sentences help to establish
2 clear logical connection between ideas, improving coherence.
 • Expressive Power
• Compound sentences allow writers to convey more complex thoughts and
3 relationships enhancing the expressive power of language.
Name:
Amina Mohsin

Roll No:
22011502-031

Presentation Topic:
Examples of Compound
Sentences
Compound Sentence:
Has two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction.

Independent Coordinating Independent

Clause Conjunction Clause

Coordinating Conjunction:
For
And
Nor
But
Or
Yet
So

These conjunctions are often remembered using the acronyms

FANBOYS.
Examples:
Below are two simple complete sentences, each with its own subject and verb:
I spoke to her in Filipino.
She responded in English.

To combine them into a compound sentence, we simply add a comma plus the
coordinating conjunction and:
I spoke to her in Filipino, and she responded in English.
A compound sentence must have two independent clauses and a coordinating
conjunction.

Cade went to the bank.

He needed money.

To combine them into a compound sentence, we simply add a comma plus the
coordinating conjunction for:
Cade went to the bank, for he needed money.
Noor reads a lot.
She is not good at spellings.

We add a comma plus coordinating conjunction yet to combine them into a

compound sentence:
Noor reads a lot, yet she is not good at spellings.

I really need to go to work.

I am too sick to drive.

To combine them into a compound sentence, we add a comma plus

coordinating conjunction but:
I really need to go to work, but I am to sick to drive.
They were bored this morning.
They went for a drive.

To combine them into a compound sentence, we add a comma plus a

coordinating conjunction so:
They were bored this morning, so they went for a drive.

We can go to the movies.

We can stay home.

To combine them into a compound sentence, we add a comma plus a

coordinating conjunction or:
We can go to the movies, or we can stay home.
The computer is old.
It still performs well.

To combine them into a compound sentence, we add a comma plus a

coordinating conjunction yet:
The computer is old, yet it still performs well.
NAME :
Sundas Tariq
Roll num:
22011502 -048
Subject :
morphology and syntax
Topic name :
rules of compound sentence
A compound sentence is a sentence that contains two or more
independent clauses (i.e., clauses that could stand alone as
separate sentences) joined together using a conjunction. Here
are the rules of compound sentences with definitions:
Use a conjunction:
A conjunction is a word that joins two independent clauses
together. Examples of conjunctions include: and, but, or, nor,
for, so, yet, both...and, either...or, not only...but also.
Example: I went to the store, and I bought some milk.
She studied hard, and she passed the exam.
Independent clauses : An independent clause is a clause that
has a subject and a predicate (a verb) and can stand alone as a
complete sentence.
I went to the store. (Independent clause)
I bought some milk. (Independent clause)I went to the store,
and I bought some milk.
 Clause order: Typically, place the most important or
emphatic clause first.
Example: I bought some milk, and I went to the store.
(Emphasizing the second clause)
I went to the store, and I bought some milk. (Emphasizing the first
clause)
Use a semicolon:
If the clauses are closely related or have a strong
connection, use a semicolon instead of a comma and
conjunction.
Example: I have a lot of work to do; therefore, I will stay up
late. (Using a semicolon to join closely related clauses)
I have a lot of work to do, and I will stay up late. (Using a
comma and conjunction instead)
Use coordinating conjunctions:
Coordinating conjunctions join clauses of
equal importance. Examples include: and, but, or, nor, for, so,
yet.
Example: I went to the store, and I bought some milk. (Using
"and" to join clauses of equal importance)
I wanted to go to the beach, but it was raining. (Using "but" to
join clauses of equal importance)
 Example: I love reading books, writing stories, and studying
grammar. (Using parallel structure with verbs)
I love reading books, writing stories, and to study grammar.
(Incorrect parallel structure)
Punctuation:
Use a comma before the conjunction when joining two
independent clauses.
- Example: I went to the store, and I bought some milk. (Using a
comma before the conjunction)I went to the store; I bought some
milk. (Using a semicolon instead of a comma and conjunction)
 Submitted To: Mam Ansa Ahsan
Submitted by: Sabahat Noor
Roll no :22011502-052
Topic: Functions and Role of Compound sentence in syntax
 Coordinating Equal Clauses:
 Example: “I went to the store, and I bought some
milk.”
 This compound sentence coordinates two equal
clauses with “and”, showing that both actions are
equally important.
 Joining Clauses with Different Punctuation Marks:
 Example: “I wanted to go to the beach; however,
it was raining.”
 This compound sentence joins two clauses with a
semicolon and “however”, showing a contrast
between the two clauses.
 Using Correlative Conjunctions:
 Example: “Both my parents are doctors, and they
work hard.”
 This compound sentence uses the correlative
conjunction “both…and” to join two clauses and
show that both parents are doctors and work
hard.
 Expressing Hypothetical Situations:
 Example: “If I won the lottery, I would buy a
house.”
 This compound sentence expresses a
hypothetical situation with “if” and shows the
consequence of winning the lottery.
 Showing Cause and Effect:
 Example: “I didn’t study for my exam, so I didn’t
do well.”
 This compound sentence shows a cause-and-
effect relationship between not studying and not
doing well on the exam.
 Expressing Contrast:
 Example: “I wanted to go to the party, but I was
too tired.”
 This compound sentence expresses contrast
between the speaker’s desire and their reality.
 Expressing Complexity:
 Example: “I wanted to go to the beach, but it was
raining, so I stayed home and read a book.”
 This compound sentence expresses a complex idea
with multiple clauses, showing the relationship
between the weather, the speaker’s desire, and their
alternative action.
 Establishing Relationships:
 Example: “I love reading books, and my favorite
author is J.K. Rowling.”
 This compound sentence establishes a relationship
between the speaker’s love of reading and their
favorite author, showing a connection between the
two clauses.
 Emphasizing Certain Clauses:
 Example: “I have visited many cities in my life;
however, Paris is my favorite.”
 This compound sentence emphasizes the second
clause, “Paris is my favorite,” by using a semicolon
and the word “however” to show a contrast with the
first clause.
 Clarifying Meaning:
 Example: “I am studying for my exam, but I am also
worried about my deadline.”
 This compound sentence clarifies the meaning by
showing the contrast between the speaker’s actions
(studying) and their concern (worrying about the
deadline).
 Expressing Contrast:
 Example: “I wanted to go to the party, but I was
too tired.”
 This compound sentence expresses contrast
between the speaker’s desire (wanting to go to
the party) and their reality (being too tired).
 Expressing Conditionality:
 Example: “If I had more money, I would travel
around the world.”
 This compound sentence expresses a
conditional relationship between the speaker’s
financial situation and their desire to travel.
 Name;
Noor UN NISA
Roll number;
22011502- 033
**Overview**: Briefly introduce what compound
sentences are and why they are important.
- **Definition**: A compound sentence is a
sentence that has at least two independent
clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction
(e.g., for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so).
 - **Explanation**: A comma splice occurs
when two independent clauses are joined by a
comma without a coordinating conjunction.
 - **Example**: Incorrect: "I went to the store,
I bought some bread."
 - **Correction**: Correct: "I went to the store,
and I bought some bread."
 - **Explanation**: Run-on sentences occur
when two or more independent clauses are
not properly punctuated.
 - **Example**: Incorrect: "I enjoy reading it is
my favorite hobby."
 - **Correction**: Correct: "I enjoy reading; it
is my favorite hobby." or "I enjoy reading. It is
my favorite hobby."
 - **Explanation**: Misusing coordinating
conjunctions or forgetting to use them.
 - **Example**: Incorrect: "She likes to swim
but she hates to run."
 - **Correction**: Correct: "She likes to swim,
but she hates to run."
 - **Explanation**: Fragmented sentences
occur when an incomplete sentence is
mistakenly treated as a complete sentence.
 - **Example**: Incorrect: "Because I was late."
 - **Correction**: Correct: "I was late because
I missed the bus."
 Summary**: Recap the key points discussed.
 - **Tips**:
 - Always check for complete clauses.
 - Use coordinating conjunctions correctly.
 - Proofread your sentences for proper
punctuation