Philippine Politics and Governance: Learning Activity Sheet

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Department of Education Region III

SHS
DIVISION OF AURORA
Brgy. Bacong, San Luis, Aurora

Learning Activity Sheet


in

PHILIPPINE POLITICS
AND GOVERNANCE
Explain the Roles and Functions of the Local
Government Unit
(HUMSS_PG12-IIa-b-2)

Subject: Philippine Politics and Governance


Learning Activity Sheet
First Edition, 2023

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Published by the Department of Education


Schools Division Superintendent: DANTE G. PARUNGAO CESO V
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent: DANILO M JACOBA PhD

Development Team of the LAS


Writer: Mary Joy Z. Persia
Editors: Gerald D. Rivera

Reviewers: Jhon David B. Hagunoy

Illustrator: Cynthia R. Noveras


Layout Artist:
Management Team:
CHARLAW G. QUIBEN PhD, CID Chief
ESTRELLA D. NERI, Division EPS in-charge of LRMS
PAUL ALVIN D. FACELO PhD, Division ALS Focal Person
Learning Supervisor

Department of Education Region III – Learning Resource Management and


Development Section (LRMDS) - Schools Division of Aurora
Office Address: Sitio Hiwalayan, Brgy. Bacong, San Luis, Aurora
E-mail Address: aurora@deped.gov.ph
Welcome! This Learning Activity Sheet will help you understand the
roles and functions of the Local Government Unit
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
a. discuss the nature of the Local Government Unit;
b. recognize the importance of Local Government Unit through
making a drawing of their ideal community and;
c. create an organizational chart featuring their Local Government
Unit which they belong.
In the previous lesson, you learned about the roles and
responsibilities of the Judicial Branch of the Philippine government. Try to
review the important concepts about this lesson by answering the activity
below.

Direction: Identify the level of court being described in the following


statements. Write your answer on your answer sheet.

1. This is the municipal trial courts inside the Metropolitan Area.

2. This is the court of justice in the Philippines that covers two or more
municipalities.

3. The Court of Justice in the Philippines that settle legal conflicts between
Muslim Filipinos in the sphere of customary and personal laws.

4. The special court in the Philippine Judiciary that has exclusive


jurisdiction on committed violations of anti-graft and corruption laws by
public officials and employees in relation to their office and position.

5. This is the highest court in the Philippine Judiciary. It has the duty to
decide in any and all judicial issues. It can review, revise, reverse, modify
or affirms final judgements or orders of the lower courts.
The Nature of Local Government Unit in the Philippines

Local governments constitute the foundation of the entire structure of


the government. The acts of the local government units affect the ordinary
citizen more directly than those of the national government. The average
citizen has more and closer contacts with the local governments and their
agencies than with the national or
provincial government, and is more
concerned with the local affairs than
with those of the national or provincial in
scope.

The President of the Philippines


exercises supervision over the whole
country. But for purposes of
administrative control, the Philippines is
divided into units of different sizes
known as political subdivisions. These
are provinces (cities) municipalities, and barangays. These political
subdivisions enjoy autonomy, especially in local affairs.

On October 10, 1991, R.A. 7160 known as the Local Government


Code 1991 was signed into law. This code ordained an authentic and
workable local autonomy through the devolution of certain powers from the
national government to the local governments.

The declaration policy of Local Government Code of 1991 states that,


( a ) “ It is hereby declared the policy of the State that the territorial and
political subdivisions of the State shall enjoy genuine and meaningful local
autonomy to enable them to attain their fullest development as self-reliant
communities and make them more effective partners in the attainment of
national goals. Toward this end, the State shall provide for a more
responsive and accountable local government structure instituted through a
system of decentralization whereby local government units shall be given
more powers, authority, responsibilities, and resources. The process of
decentralization shall proceed from the National Government to the local
government units.” (b) It is also the policy of the State to ensure the
accountability of local government units through the institution of effective
mechanisms of recall, initiative and referendum.

In addition, Section 76. of LGC of 1991 states that “Every local


government unit shall design and implement its own organizational

3
structure and staffing pattern taking into consideration its service
requirements and financial capability, subject to the minimum standards
and guidelines prescribed by the Civil Service Commission”.

Levels and Roles of Local Government Units


In the Philippines, local government is divided into three levels:
provinces (together with independent cities and component cities)
municipalities, and barangays, all of which are collectively known as local
government units.
Every local government unit shall design and implement its own
organizational structure and staffing pattern taking into consideration its
service requirements and financial capability, subject to the minimum
standards and guidelines prescribed by the Civil Service Commission
(Section 76, LGC, 1991).

Province

The provinces of the Philippines are the primary political and


administrative divisions of the Philippines. There are 82 provinces at present
further subdivided into
component cities and
municipalities. The National
Capital Region, as well as
independent cities, are
autonomous from any provincial
government. Each province is
administered by an elected
governor who oversees various
local government entities.

The provincial government takes care of the function so which affect


the people of a certain province. The province is the largest political unit in
the Philippines. It possesses the following powers;

1. to acquire and transfer real and personal properties;


2. to enter into contracts, including those incurring obligations,
which are expressly provided by law and;
3. to exercise such other rights and incur such other obligations as
are expressly authorized by law.

The provincial board is the law-making body of the province, with the
provincial governor serving as the presiding officer and as the chief executive
of the provincial government, is mandated to exercise powers and perform
duties and functions necessary to promote the general welfare of the
province and its inhabitants (LGC, 1991).

Role of the Province

The province composed of a cluster municipalities and component


cities, and as a political and corporate unit of government, serves as
dynamic mechanism for developmental processes and effective governance
of local government units within its territorial jurisdiction.

CITY

The chartered city is also a unit of local administration. It is created


by a special law which serves as its charter. The charter is the constitution
of the city. The charter creates the city, defines its boundaries, provides its
system of government, and defines the powers and duties of its officials.

A city or any of its officials cannot perform any official act which is
not permitted by its charter. The city elective officials are the mayor, vice
mayor, and the members of the board of councilors. They are elected for a
term of three years. They cannot serve for more than three consecutive
terms.

The mayor is the executive official of the city, aided by the appointive
heads of the various departments. The vice mayor is the presiding officer of
the board. And the city courts exercise judicial functions. The lawmaking
body of the city is council. Among its important functions are as follows:
1. to levy and collect taxes in accordance with law;
2. to enact ordinances;
3. to provide for public works constructions and for the
maintenance of a local police force;
4. to establish fire zones within the city and to regulated the type
of building which may be constructed within each zone; and
5. to provide for the protection of the inhabitants from public
calamities and to provide relied in times of emergency.

Role of City

The city consisting of more urbanized and developed barangays serves


as a general-purpose government for the coordination and delivery of basic,
regular, and direct services and effective governance of the inhabitants
within its territorial jurisdiction

Municipalities

Each province is composed of municipalities commonly called towns.


The municipality is a public corporation created by an act of congress and is
governed by the Municipality Law, which defines its duties and powers.
Being public corporations, municipalities can sue or be sued in court; enter
into contracts; acquire and hold real and personal properties for municipal
purposes; and exercise such other powers
5 as are granted by law.

Municipalities are classified according to their average annual income


for the last four fiscal years. As of March 2023, the Philippines has 1,486
municipalities. They are autonomous units of government and have elective
and appointive
officials. The
elective officials are
the municipal
mayor, vice mayor,
and councilors.
They are elected by
the qualified voters
for a term of three
years. They cannot
serve for more than three consecutive terms. The appointive officials are the
municipal secretary, treasurer, justice of the peace, and chief of police.

The municipal councils are the lawmaking body of the town and is
composed of the mayor who is the chairman of the council, vice mayor, and
the councilors. The number of councilors for each municipality depends
upon the class to which the municipality belongs. Each councilor is in-
charge of a village or barangay.

Role of Municipalities

The municipalities consisting of a group of barangays serves


primarily as a general-purpose government for the coordination and delivery
of the basic, regular, and direct service and effective governance of the
inhabitants within its territorial jurisdiction.

Barangay
Each municipality or city is composed of a number of villages or
barangays. The barangays are the smallest units of local government in the
Philippines. They are governed by the Barrio Charter. The elective officials of
the barangays are the
Barangay Captain and the
Barangay Councilors. As
chief executive, the barangay
captain is its recognized
leader. He enforces all the
laws and ordinances
applicable to his
constituency. He may
organize fire brigades,
preside over all meetings
both of the barangay council and assembly, organize groups of citizens to
fight criminality and brigandage, and approve all payments from barangay
funds.

Role of Barangay

As the basic political unit, the barangay serves as the primary


planning and implementing unit of government policies, plans, programs,
projects, and activities in the community and as a forum wherein the
collective vies of the people may be expressed, crystallized, and considered
and where disputes may be amicably settled.

Direction: Read the statements carefully. Identify the LGU level to which the
aforementioned information belongs. Write your answer in your answer
sheet.

1. This level is classified according to their average annual income for the
last four fiscal years, currently the Philippines has 1,486 of this level.

2. This level of LGU serves as dynamic mechanism for developmental


processes and effective governance of local government units within its
territorial jurisdiction.
3. This level consists of a total number of 82 throughout the Philippines
further subdivided into component cities and municipalities

4. This level serves primarily as a general-purpose government for the


coordination and delivery of the basic, regular, and direct service and
effective governance of the inhabitants within its territorial jurisdiction.

5. It is the basic political unit and serves as the primary planning and
implementing unit of government policies, plans, programs, projects, and
activities in the community and as a forum wherein the collective vies of
the people may be expressed, crystallized, and considered and where
disputes may be amicably settled.

Think about the community where you live in. Are you satisfied with
the state of your community? If you were given the opportunity to live to a
new community, what kind of community would it be?
My Ideal Community!

Direction: Using a white cartolina, pencil, coloring materials and other art
materials. Draw your ideal community, try to emphasize your role as well as
the role of the important people you are going to include in your ideal
community. Please be guided by the rubric provided.

My Ideal Community
Rubric for Drawing
Criteria Description Score
Drawing (50 %) The drawing is expressive and detailed.
The student clearly conveys the content
Content (40 %) of his drawing using important symbols
of his/her ideal community.
Every minute of class time was used wisely.
Time & Effort (10 %) Much time and effort went into the planning
and design of the drawing.
Total
Teacher’s Comment

Direction: Using the graphic organizer below, write a brief summary of the
Local Government Unit. Use separate sheet of paper for your answers.
Please be guided by the rubric provided.

Local Government Unit

Levels and Roles


Rubric for Graphic Organizer
Criteria Description Score
Main concept easily identified;
Arrangement of Concepts (50 %) subconcepts appropriately from main
concepts.
Demonstrate an understanding of
Content (40 %) the topic, its topic and related
concepts.
The relationships presented are correct
Organization (10 %)
and clear.
Total
Teacher’s Comment

How Informed are you?


Direction: Create an organizational chart of the Local Government Unit
where you belong. Indicate the positions and their roles in your community.
Use 1 whole manila paper, coloring and other arts materials. Please be
guided by the rubric provided.

Rubric for Drawing


Criteria Description Score
The organizational chart shows the
required elements. Shows proper
placement on the position and or levels.
Content Knowledge (50%)
The responsibilities of all the position
and levels are present in detailed
statements.
The work done exceeds all
expectations and shows that the
Work quality and Effort (30%) learners is proud of his/her work.
The effort that was put into this task
is the best it can be by the learner.
Eye catching, great use of colors.
Creativity (20%) Organizational chart is the students
work and is neat.
Total
Teacher’s Comment
True or False
Direction: Write True if the statement is correct and False if otherwise.
Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.

1. The Philippines has 1,486 municipalities. They are autonomous units of


government and have elective and appointive officials.
2. The provincial government takes care of the function so which affect the
people of a certain province. The province is the largest political unit in
the Philippines.
3. R.A. 7160 known as the Local Government Code 1991 was signed into law.
This code states that the local government is deprived of the right of the
national government to have the freedom to govern its constituents.
4. In the Philippines, local government is divided into five levels: provinces
independent cities, component cities, municipalities and barangays, all
of which are collectively known as local government units.
5. According to Section 76, of the Local Government Code of 1991 every local
government unit shall not design and implement its own organizational
structure and staffing pattern taking into consideration its service
requirements and financial capability, subject to the minimum
standards and guidelines prescribed by the Department of Interior and
Local Government Unit.

Multiple-Choice
Direction: Read each question carefully. Write the letter of the correct
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which level of the local government unit can sue or be sued in court;
enter into contracts; acquire and hold real and personal properties for
municipal purposes; and exercise such other powers as are granted by
law.
A. Barangay C. Municipality
B. City D. Province
2. The province is the largest political unit in the Philippines. It possesses
the following powers except;
A. Acquire and transfer real and personal property.
B. Enter into contracts, including those incurring obligations,
which are expressly provided by law and;
C. Establish fire zones within the city and to regulated the type of building
which may be constructed within each zone.
D.Exercise such other rights and incur such other obligations as
are expressly authorized by law.

3. Which of the following statements best described the roles of the


barangay?
A. General-purpose government for the coordination and delivery of
basic, regular, and direct services and effective governance of
the inhabitants within its territorial jurisdiction.
B. Political and corporate unit of government, serves as
dynamic mechanism for developmental processes and effective
governance of local government units within its territorial
jurisdiction.
C. Settles controversies involving rights that are legally
demandable and enforceable. This branch determines whether
or not there has been a grave abuse of discretion amounting to
lack or excess of jurisdiction on the part and instrumentality of
the government.
D. Primary planning and implementing unit of government
policies, plans, programs, projects, and activities in the
community and as a forum wherein the collective vies of the
people may be expressed, crystallized, and considered and
where disputes may be amicably settled.

4. Which of the following statements best described the roles of the


province?
A. General-purpose government for the coordination and delivery
of basic, regular, and direct services and effective governance
of the inhabitants within its territorial jurisdiction.
B. Political and corporate unit of government, serves as
dynamic mechanism for developmental processes and effective
governance of local government units within its territorial
jurisdiction.
C. Settles controversies involving rights that are legally
demandable and enforceable. This branch determines whether
or not there has been a grave abuse of discretion amounting to
lack or excess of jurisdiction on the part and instrumentality of
the government.
D.Primary planning and implementing unit of government
policies, plans, programs, projects, and activities in the
community and as a forum wherein the collective vies of the
people may be expressed, crystallized, and considered and
where disputes may be amicably settled.
5. Which of the following statements best described the roles of the
municipality?
A. General-purpose government for the coordination and delivery
of basic, regular, and direct services and effective governance
of the inhabitants within its territorial jurisdiction.
B. Political and corporate unit of government, serves as
dynamic mechanism for developmental processes and
effective governance of local government units within its
territorial jurisdiction.
C. Settles controversies involving rights that are legally
demandable and enforceable. This branch determines
whether or not there has been a grave abuse of discretion
amounting to lack or excess of jurisdiction on the part and
instrumentality of the government.
D. Primary planning and implementing unit of government
policies, plans, programs, projects, and activities in the
community and as a forum wherein the collective vies of the
people may be expressed, crystallized, and considered and
where disputes may be amicably settled.
Key to Corrections
Learning Activity Sheet in Philippine Politics and Governance
(HUMSS_PG12-IIa-b-2)

Let’s Recall Let’s Practice Let’s Enrich Let’s Think Let’s Perform Let’s Assess

1. Metropol 1. Municip Answer may Answer may Answer may TRUE OR


itan ality vary vary vary FALSE
Trial 2. Province
Court 3. Province 1. T
2. 4. Municip 2. T
Municip ality 3. F
al 5. Baranga 4. F
Circuit y 5. F
Trial
Court MULTIPLE
3. Shari’ah CHOICE
Court
4. 1. C
Sandiga 2. C
n bayan 3. D
5. Supreme 4. B
Court 5. A
References

DILG-ISTMS. Dilg-Facts-Figures-2023717_4195fde921.Pdf. Microsoft® Word


2019, 17 July 2023, www.dilg.gov.ph/PDF_File/factsfigures/dilg-
facts-figures-2023717_4195fde921.pdf.

Neil Geraldizo Dagohoy. “Local Governments in the Philippines.” Slideshare,


10 Feb. 2012, www.slideshare.net/NeilDagohoy/local-governments-in-
the-philippines.

Powers, Marcos, Aquino, Aquilino Pimentel, Gbargaye, Neil Geraldizo


Dagohoy, Emilio Aguinaldo, Apolinario, Quezon. “Article X: The Local
Government Units - Ppt Download.” Slideplayer.com,
slideplayer.com/slide/13743827/.

The Provincial Governor Tasks and Responsibilities Checklist: A Reference


Guide to Action. Adobe PDF Library 15.0, 26 June 2019,
lga.gov.ph/uploads/publication/attachments/1590688488.pdf.
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – Region III
Schools Division of Aurora
Learning Resource Management and Development Section (LRMDS)
Sitio Hiwalayan, Brgy. Bacong, San Luis, Aurora
Telefax:
E-mail Address: aurora@deped.gov.ph

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