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MTL104 Tutorial

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13 views1 page

MTL104 Tutorial

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arccool72
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY DELHI

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
SEMESTER I 2023 − 24
MTL 104 (Linear Algebra and its Applications)
Tutorial Sheet 4

Instructor: Biplab Basak Date: 23/08/2023

Question 1: Suppose V is finite-dimensional and T1 , T2 ∈ L(V, W ). Prove that range T1 =


range T2 if and only if there exists an invertible operator S ∈ L(V ) such that T1 = T2 S.

Question 2: Suppose V is finite-dimensional and S, T ∈ L(V ). Prove that ST is invertible


if and only if both S and T are invertible.

Question 3: Suppose V is finite-dimensional and T ∈ L(V ). Prove that T is a scalar


multiple of the identity if and only if ST = T S for every S ∈ L(V ).

Question 4: Suppose A is an (m, n) matrix with A ̸= 0. Prove that the rank of A is 1 if


and only if there exist (c1 , · · · , cm ) ∈ Fm and (d1 , · · · , dn ) ∈ Fn such that Aj,k = cj dk for
every j = 1, · · · , m and every k = 1, · · · , n.

Question 5: Suppose v, x are vectors in V and U, W are subspaces of V such that v + U =


x + W . Prove that U = W .

Question 6: Suppose U is a subspace of V and v1 + U, · · · , vm + U is a basis of V /U and


u1 , · · · , un is a basis of U . Prove that v1 , · · · , vm , u1 , · · · , un is a basis of V .

Question 7: Suppose v1 , · · · , vm ∈ V . Let A = {λ1 v1 + · · · + λm vm | λ1 , · · · , λm ∈ F and


λ1 + · · · + λm = 1}:
(a) Prove that A is an affine subset of V .
(b) Prove that every affine subset of V that contains v1 , · · · , vm also contains A.
(c) Prove that A = v + U for some v ∈ V and some subspace U of V with dim(U ) ≤ m − 1.

Question 8: Suppose U, W are subspaces of V . Show that (U + W )0 = U 0 ∩ W 0 .

Question 9: Suppose V is finite-dimensional and U, W are subspaces of V . Prove that


(U ∩ W )0 = U 0 + W 0 .

Question 10: Suppose V, W are finite-dimensional, T ∈ L(V, W ) and there exists ψ ∈ V ∗


such that range (T ∗ ) = span(ψ). Prove that null (T ) = null (ψ).

Question 11: Suppose V is finite-dimensional and ϕ1 , · · · , ϕn is a basis of V ∗ . Show that


there exists a basis of V whose dual basis is ϕ1 , · · · , ϕn .

Question 12: The double dual space of V , denoted by V ∗∗ , is defined to be the dual space
of V ∗ . Define λ : V → V ∗∗ by (λv)(ϕ) = ϕ(v) for v ∈ V and ϕ ∈ V ∗ . Show that if T ∈ L(V ),
then T ∗∗ ◦ λ = λ ◦ T , where T ∗∗ = (T ∗ )∗ .

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