Section A

Question 1(i)
Which of the following is/are principle(s) of Object Oriented Programming?

Encapsulation
Abstraction
Inheritance
All of these
Answer

All of these

Reason — Encapsulation, abstraction and inheritance are principles of Object Oriented Programming.

Question 1(ii)
If a = 8 and b = 4, the value of a % = b is

2
0
4
8
Answer

Reason — The expression a % = b is evaluated as follows:

a%=b
⟹a=a%b
⟹a=8%4
⟹a=0
Question 1(iii)
Predict the output of the following code snippet:

int a = 1;
int b = 2;
if (a == b)
System.out.println("Both values are equal");
else
System.out.println("Values are not equal");
Both values are equal
Incorrect use of the == operator
Values are not equal
No output
Answer

Values are not equal

Reason — Since the values of a and b are not equal, the condition (a == b) is false. Thus, the else
block is executed and "Values are not equal" is printed.

Question 1(iv)
Which of the following is mandatory in the switch statement?

break
continue
case
default
Answer

case

Reason — The keyword 'case' is mandatory in the switch statement.

Question 1(v)
Which of the following is not a valid method of the Scanner class?

next( )
nextInt( )
nextLong( )
nextNumber( )
Answer

nextNumber( )

Reason — nextNumber( ) is not a valid method of the Scanner class.

Question 1(vi)
What will be the output of Math.floor(-20.10);?

-20.0
-21.0
20
21
Answer

-21.0

Reason — Math.floor() method returns the largest double value that is less than or equal to the
argument and is equal to a mathematical integer. Thus, -21.0 is returned by Math.floor(-20.10);
method.

Question 1(vii)
Which of the following is an illegal identifier?

age
123abc
_value
$
$salary
Answer

123abc

Reason — 123abc is not a valid identifier because it starts with a number, which is not allowed.

Question 1(viii)
Which of the following is/are jump statement used in Java?

break
continue
return
All of these
Answer

All of these

Reason — break, continue and return are jump statements used in Java.

Question 1(ix)
Class initialisation is the ............... initialisation of class fields of values.

explicit
implicit
Both a and b
None of the above
Answer

explicit
Reason — Explicit class initialisation is the initialisation of class fields of values.

Question 1(x)
Operations like square root, sine and cosine are

impure functions
pure functions
static functions
class functions
Answer

pure functions

Reason — Operations like square root, sine and cosine are pure functions as they do not modify their
arguments.

Question 1(xi)
Given array int x[ ] = {11, 22, 33, 44}; the value of x[1 + 2] is :

11
22
33
44
Answer

44

Reason — Array index starts from 0 to Size - 1. The value of x[1 + 2] equals x[3]. The value at index
3 is 44.

Question 1(xii)
A linear search
can be used with sorted arrays only.
can be used with unsorted arrays only.
can be used with both sorted and unsorted arrays.
cannot be used with arrays.
Answer

can be used with both sorted and unsorted arrays.

Reason — A linear search can be used with both sorted and unsorted arrays.

Question 1(xiii)
Method that converts a character to uppercase is

toUpper()
ToUpperCase()
TOUPPERCASE()
toUpperCase(char)
Answer

toUpperCase(char)

Reason — Method that converts a character to uppercase is toUpperCase(char).

Question 1(xiv)
Give the output of the following code

System.out.println("Good".concat("Day"));
GoodDay
Good Day
Goodday
goodDay
Answer

GoodDay

Reason — concat() method will add "Day" at the end of "Good" and "GoodDay" will be printed on
the screen.

Question 1(xv)
The array char arr[8] occupies :

32
8
16
24
Answer

16

Reason — char datatype requires 2 bytes of memory. 8 char type elements will require 2 x 8 = 16
bytes of memory.

Question 1(xvi)
This access specifier achieves the lowest level of accessibility.

Public
Protected
Private
Default
Answer

Private
Reason — Private access specifier achieves the lowest level of accessibility as a data member or
member method declared as private is only accessible inside the class in which it is declared.

Question 1(xvii)
Assertion (A) Line comment is used for a single line of comment.
Reason (R) A line comment starts with forward slash and asterisk(/*).

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is a correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not a correct explanation of Assertion
(A).
Assertion (A) is true and Reason (R) is false.
Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is true.
Answer

Assertion (A) is true and Reason (R) is false.

Reason — Assertion (A) is true as a line comment is used for a single line of comment. Reason (R) is
false as a line comment starts with two forward slashes (//).

Question 1(xviii)
Read the following text and choose the correct answer:

Byte streams are used to perform input and output of 8-bytes. They are used to read bytes from the
input stream and write bytes to the output stream. Mostly, they are used to read or write raw binary
data.

Which of these class is used to read and write bytes in a file?

FileReader
FileWriter
FileInputStream
InputStreamReader
Answer
FileInputStream

Reason — FileInputStream class is used to read and write bytes in a file.

Question 1(xix)
Assertion (A) The private access specifier achieves the lowest level of accessibility.
Reason (R) The private methods and fields can be accessed only within the same class to which the
methods and fields belong.

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is a correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not a correct explanation of Assertion
(A).
Assertion (A) is true and Reason (R) is false.
Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is true.
Answer

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is a correct explanation of Assertion (A).

Reason — Both Assertion (A) is true as private access specifier achieves the lowest level of
accessibility and Reason (R) explains Assertion (A) correctly as a data member or member method
declared as private is only accessible inside the class in which it is declared.

Question 1(xx)
State the data type after the following is executed :

char ch = '9';
res = Character.isDigit(ch);
int
char
string
boolean
Answer

boolean
Reason — isDigit() method returns true if the specified character is a digit; returns false otherwise.
Thus, the return type is boolean.

Question 2(i)
State the number of bytes and bits occupied by a character array of 20 elements.

Answer

A char data type occupies 2 bytes in memory.

Total memory occupied by an array of 20 elements = 2 x 20 = 40 bytes.

Since 1 byte = 8 bits, memory occupied by an array of 20 elements = 40 x 8 = 320 bits.

Question 2(ii)
If

String x = "Computer";
String y = "Science";
What will the following return?

(a) System.out.print(x.substring(2,6));

(b) System.out.print(x.indexOf(x.charAt(5)));

Answer

(a)

Output
mput
Explanation
The substring() method returns a substring beginning from the startindex and extending to the
character at index endIndex - 1. Here, startindex is 2 and end index is 5 (6 - 1). Since the string starts
from index 0, the extracted substring is "mput". Thus, "mput" is printed on the screen.

(b)

Output
5
Explanation
charAt() method returns a character from the string at the index specified as its argument. indexOf()
method returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified character within the string or -1 if the
character is not present. Thus, the given expression is evaluated as follows:

x.indexOf (x.charAt (5) )

⟹ x.indexOf ( 't' )
⟹5

Question 2(iii)
Write the Java statement for the following mathematical expression :

x=
(
𝑎
+
𝑏
)
2
𝑎
+
𝑏
a+b

(a+b)
2

Answer

x = Math.pow((a + b), 2) / Math.sqrt(a + b);

Question 2(iv)
Find the value of ++a * (a++ + 5) + 3 * --a, if a = 12.

Answer

The given expression is evaluated as follows:

++a * (a++ + 5) + 3 * --a (a = 12)

⟹ 13 * (a++ + 5) + 3 * --a (a = 13)
⟹ 13 * (13 + 5) + 3 * --a (a = 14)
⟹ 13 * (13 + 5) + 3 * 13 (a = 13)
⟹ 13 * (18) + 3 * 13
⟹ 234 + 39
⟹ 273

Question 2(v)
State the type of errors, if any in the following statements.

(a)

switch (x < 2)
(b)

int a = 100, b = 0;
System.out.println (a / b);
Answer

(a) There is a syntax error in the switch statement. In a switch statement, the expression inside the
parentheses should evaluate to an integer, a character, or an enumerated type. However, x < 2 is a
boolean expression, and it cannot be used directly as the expression in a switch statement.

(b) The statement System.out.println (a / b); will result in a runtime error as the user is trying to divide
a number by 0 which is not possible.

Question 2(vi)
What will be the output of the following code?

int num = 10;

if (num < 20)
System.out.print(num++);
else
System.out.print(--num);
Answer

Output
10
Explanation
Since the condition (num < 20) is true, the if block is executed. Postfix operator first uses the value
and then increments the value, so the value of num is first printed (10) and then incremented.

Question 2(vii)
Find the output of the given code.

int a, b = 100;
for (a = 10; a <= 12; a++)
{
b += a;
}
System.out.print("a:" + a + " " + "b:" + b);
Answer

Output
a:13 b:133
Explanation
The values of a and b are evaluated as follows in the for loop:

Iteration a b Remarks
100 Initial value
1 10 110 b = b + a = 100 + 10 = 110
2 11 121 b = b + a = 110 + 11 = 121
3 12 110 b = b + a = 121 + 12 = 133, Loop terminates
The print statements print the final values of a and b.

Question 2(viii)
The following code has some error(s). Identify the errors and write the corrected code.

Int x = 4, y = 8;
{
y = y + (x++)
} while (x <= 10)
System.out.println(y);
Answer

The corrected code is as follows:

int x = 4, y = 8;
do
{
y = y + (x++);
} while (x <= 10);
System.out.println(y);
Statement Error
Int x = 4, y = 8; int is a keyword and should be written in lowercase
The user needs to use do while loop The do-while loop structure is used incorrectly, as the do
keyword is missing.
y = y + (x++) Semicolon should be written at the end of the statement
while (x <= 10) A semicolon should be written after the while(x <= 10)
Question 2(ix)
State the method that determines, if the specified character is an uppercase character.

Answer

isUpperCase(char) method determines, if the specified character is an uppercase character. It returns

true if the character is upper case, else it returns false.

Question 2(x)
Write the return data type of the following functions.

(a) startsWith( )

(b) log( )

Answer

(a) boolean

(b) double

Section B
Question 3
Define a class to declare an array of size 20 of double datatype, accept the elements into the array and
perform the following:
Calculate and print the sum of all the elements.

Calculate and print the highest value of the array.

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatSDASumMax

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
double arr[] = new double[20];

System.out.println("Enter 20 numbers:");
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
arr[i] = in.nextDouble();
}

double max = arr[0], sum = 0;

for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
if (arr[i] > max)
max = arr[i];

sum += arr[i];
}

System.out.println("Sum = " + sum);

System.out.println("Highest Value = " + max);
}
}
Output
BlueJ output of KboatSDASumMax.java
Question 4
Write a program to print following patterns.

(i)

12345
1234
123
12
1
(ii)

A
BA
CBA
DCBA
EDCBA
public class KboatPattern
{
public static void main(String args[]) {
System.out.println("Pattern 1: ");
for (int i = 5; i >= 1; i--) {
for (int j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
System.out.print(j + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
System.out.println();
System.out.println("Pattern 2: ");

char ch = 'A';
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
for (int j = i; j >= 0; j--) {
 System.out.print((char)(65 + j) + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}
Output
BlueJ output of KboatPattern.java
Question 5
Write a program to input and store integer elements in a double dimensional array of size 4 x 4 and
find the sum of all the elements.

7345
5461
6942
3275
Sum of all the elements: 73

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatDDASum

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
int arr[][] = new int[4][4];
long sum = 0;

System.out.println("Enter the elements of 4 x 4 DDA: ");

for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
arr[i][j] = in.nextInt();
}
}
 for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
sum += arr[i][j];
}
}

System.out.println("Sum of all the elements = " + sum);

}
}
Output
BlueJ output of KboatDDASum.java
Question 6
Write a program to input a number and check whether the number is an automorphic number or not.

An automorphic number is a number whose square "ends" in the same digits as the number itself.

e.g. 52 = 25, 62 = 36, 762 = 5776

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatAutomorphic

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter number: ");
int num = in.nextInt();
int numCopy = num;
int sq = num * num;
int d = 0;

/*
 * Count the number of
* digits in num
*/
while(num > 0) {
d++;
num /= 10;
}

/*
* Extract the last d digits
* from square of num
*/
int ld = (int)(sq % Math.pow(10, d));

if (ld == numCopy)
System.out.println(numCopy + " is automorphic");
else
System.out.println(numCopy + " is not automorphic");
}
}
Output
BlueJ output of KboatAutomorphic.java
BlueJ output of KboatAutomorphic.java
Question 7
Design a class RailwayTicket with following description:

Class name : RailwayTicket

Data Members Purpose

String name To store the name of the customer
String coach To store the type of coach customer wants to travel
long mob no To store customer's mobile number
int amt To store basic amount of ticket
int totalamt To store the amount to be paid after updating the original amount
Member Methods Purpose
void accept() To take input for name, coach, mobile number and amount
void update() To update the amount as per the coach selected (extra amount to be added in the
amount as per the table below)
void display() To display all details of a customer such as name, coach, total amount and mobile
number
Type of Coaches Amount
First_AC ₹700
Second_AC ₹500
Third_AC ₹250
Sleeper None
Write a main method to create an object of the class and call the above member methods.

import java.util.Scanner;

public class RailwayTicket

{
private String name;
private String coach;
private long mobno;
private int amt;
private int totalamt;

private void accept() {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter name: ");
name = in.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter coach: ");
coach = in.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter mobile no: ");
mobno = in.nextLong();
 System.out.print("Enter amount: ");
amt = in.nextInt();
}

private void update() {

if(coach.equalsIgnoreCase("First_AC"))
totalamt = amt + 700;
else if(coach.equalsIgnoreCase("Second_AC"))
totalamt = amt + 500;
else if(coach.equalsIgnoreCase("Third_AC"))
totalamt = amt + 250;
else if(coach.equalsIgnoreCase("Sleeper"))
totalamt = amt;
}

private void display() {

System.out.println("Name: " + name);
System.out.println("Coach: " + coach);
System.out.println("Total Amount: " + totalamt);
System.out.println("Mobile number: " + mobno);
}

public static void main(String args[]) {

RailwayTicket obj = new RailwayTicket();
obj.accept();
obj.update();
obj.display();
}
}
Output
BlueJ output of RailwayTicket.java
Question 8
Write a program to accept a string. Convert the string into upper case letters. Count and output the
number of double letter sequences that exist in the string.
Sample Input: "SHE WAS FEEDING THE LITTLE RABBIT WITH AN APPLE"
Sample Output: 4

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatLetterSeq

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter string: ");
String s = in.nextLine();
String str = s.toUpperCase();
int count = 0;
int len = str.length();

for (int i = 0; i < len - 1; i++) {

if (str.charAt(i) == str.charAt(i + 1))
count++;
}

System.out.println("Double Letter Sequence Count = " + count);

}
}
Output