Spring MVC

A Spring MVC is a Java framework which is used to build web applications. It follows the
Model-View-Controller design pattern. It implements all the basic features of a core spring
framework like Inversion of Control, Dependency Injection.

A Spring MVC provides an elegant solution to use MVC in spring framework by the help
of DispatcherServlet. Here, DispatcherServlet is a class that receives the incoming request and
maps it to the right resource such as controllers, models, and views.

Spring Web Model-View-Controller

o Model - A model contains the data of the application. A data can be a single object
or a collection of objects.
o Controller - A controller contains the business logic of an application. Here, the
@Controller annotation is used to mark the class as the controller.
o View - A view represents the provided information in a particular format. Generally,
JSP+JSTL is used to create a view page. Although spring also supports other view
technologies such as Apache Velocity, Thymeleaf and FreeMarker.
o Front Controller - In Spring Web MVC, the DispatcherServlet class works as the
front controller. It is responsible to manage the flow of the Spring MVC application.

Understanding the flow of Spring Web MVC

 o As displayed in the figure, all the incoming request is intercepted by the
DispatcherServlet that works as the front controller.
o The DispatcherServlet gets an entry of handler mapping from the XML file and
forwards the request to the controller.
o The controller returns an object of ModelAndView.
o The DispatcherServlet checks the entry of view resolver in the XML file and invokes
the specified view component.

Advantages of Spring MVC Framework

o Separate roles - The Spring MVC separates each role, where the model object,
controller, command object, view resolver, DispatcherServlet, validator, etc. can be
fulfilled by a specialized object.
o Light-weight - It uses light-weight servlet container to develop and deploy your
application.
o Powerful Configuration - It provides a robust configuration for both framework and
application classes that includes easy referencing across contexts, such as from
web controllers to business objects and validators.
o Rapid development - The Spring MVC facilitates fast and parallel development.
 o Reusable business code - Instead of creating new objects, it allows us to use the
existing business objects.
o Easy to test - In Spring, generally we create JavaBeans classes that enable you to
inject test data using the setter methods.
o Flexible Mapping - It provides the specific annotations that easily redirect the page.

Spring Web MVC Framework Example

Steps:
o Load the spring jar files or add dependencies in the case of Maven
o Create the controller class
o Provide the entry of controller in the web.xml file
o Define the bean in the separate XML file
o Display the message in the JSP page
o Start the server and deploy the project

1. Provide project information and configuration in the pom.xml

file.

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->

<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0-alpha-1</version>
</dependency>
. Create the controller class
To create the controller class, we are using two annotations @Controller and
@RequestMapping.
The @Controller annotation marks this class as Controller.
The @Requestmapping annotation is used to map the class with the specified URL name.
HelloController.java
package com.java;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/")
public String display()
{
return "index";
}
}

3. Provide the entry of controller in the web.xml file

In this xml file, we are specifying the servlet class DispatcherServlet that acts as the front
controller in Spring Web MVC. All the incoming request for the html file will be forwarded
to the DispatcherServlet.
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.
com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.c
om/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>SpringMVC</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

4. Define the bean in the xml file

This is the important configuration file where we need to specify the View components.
The context:component-scan element defines the base-package where DispatcherServlet
will search the controller class.
This xml file should be located inside the WEB-INF directory.
spring-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

<!-- Provide support for component scanning -->

<context:component-scan base-package="com.java" />

<!--Provide support for conversion, formatting and validation -->

<mvc:annotation-driven/>

</beans>

5. Display the message in the JSP page

This is the simple JSP page, displaying the message returned by the Controller.
index.jsp
<html>
<body>
<p>Welcome to Spring MVC Tutorial</p>
</body>
</html>

Spring MVC Multiple View page Example

. Add dependencies to pom.xml
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->

<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0-alpha-1</version>
</dependency>

2. Create the request page

Let's create a simple jsp page containing a link.
index.jsp
<html>
<body>
<a href="hello">Click here...</a>
</body>
</html>

3. Create the controller class

Let's create a controller class that returns the JSP pages. Here, we pass the specific name
with a @Requestmapping annotation to map the class.
HelloController.java
package com.java;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String redirect()
{
return "viewpage";
}
@RequestMapping("/helloagain")
public String display()
{
return "final";
}
}

4. Provide the entry of controller in the web.xml file

web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.co
m/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/x
ml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>SpringMVC</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

5. Define the bean in the xml file

Now, we also provide view resolver with view component.
Here, the InternalResourceViewResolver class is used for the ViewResolver.
The prefix+string returned by controller+suffix page will be invoked for the view
component.
This xml file should be located inside the WEB-INF directory.
spring-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

<!-- Provide support for component scanning -->

<context:component-scan base-package="com.java" />

<!--Provide support for conversion, formatting and validation -->

<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- Define Spring MVC view resolver -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResol
ver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

6. Create the other view components

viewpage.jsp
<html>
<body>
<a href="helloagain">SpringMVC</a>
</body>
</html>
final.jsp
<html>
<body>
<p>Welcome to Spring MVC Tutorial</p>
</body>
</html>

Spring MVC Multiple Controller Example

In Spring MVC, we can create multiple controllers at a time. It is required to map each
controller class with @Controller annotation. Here, we see a Spring MVC example of
multiple controllers.

1. Add dependencies to pom.xml

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0-alpha-1</version>
</dependency>

2. Create the request page

Let's create a simple JSP page containing two links.
index.jsp
<html>
<body>
<a href="hello1">Spring MVC</a> ||
<a href="hello2">Spring Boot</a>
</body>
</html>

3. Create the controller class

Let's create two controller classes, where each returns the particular view page.
HelloController1.java
package com.java;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class HelloController1 {
@RequestMapping("/hello1")
public String display()
{
return "viewpage1";
}
}
HelloController2.java
package com.java;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class HelloController2 {
@RequestMapping("/hello2")
public String display()
 {
return "viewpage2";
}
}

4. Provide the entry of controller in the web.xml file

web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.co
m/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/x
ml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>SpringMVC</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

5. Define the bean in the xml file

spring-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

<!-- Provide support for component scanning -->

<context:component-scan base-package="com.java" />

<!--Provide support for conversion, formatting and validation -->

<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResol
ver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

6. Create the other view components

viewpage1.jsp
<html>
<body>
<p>Welcome to Spring MVC Tutorial</p>
</body>
</html>
Viewpage2.jsp
<html>
<body>
<p>Welcome to Spring Boot Tutorial</p>
</body>
</html>

Spring MVC Model Interface

In Spring MVC, the model works a container that contains the data of the application.
Here, a data can be in any form such as objects, strings, information from the database,
etc.
It is required to place the Model interface in the controller part of the application. The
object of HttpServletRequest reads the information provided by the user and pass it to
the Model interface. Now, a view page easily accesses the data from the model part.

1. Add dependencies to pom.xml

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->

<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
 <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0-alpha-1</version>
</dependency>

2. Create the request page

Here, we create the login page to receive name and password from the user.
index.jsp
<html>
<body>
<form action="hello">
UserName : <input type="text" name="name"/> <br><br>
Password : <input type="text" name="pass"/> <br><br>
<input type="submit" name="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>

3. Create the controller class

In controller class:
o The HttpServletRequest is used to read the HTML form data provided by the user.
o The Model contains the request data and provides it to view page.

HelloController.java
package com.java;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class HelloController {

@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String display(HttpServletRequest req,Model m)
{
//read the provided form data
String name=req.getParameter("name");
String pass=req.getParameter("pass");
if(pass.equals("admin"))
{
String msg="Hello "+ name;
//add a message to the model
 m.addAttribute("message", msg);
return "viewpage";
}
else
{
String msg="Sorry "+ name+". You entered an incorrect password";
m.addAttribute("message", msg);
return "errorpage";
}
}
}

4. Provide the entry of controller in the web.xml file

web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.co
m/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/x
ml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>SpringMVC</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

5. Define the bean in the xml file

spring-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
 <!-- Provide support for component scanning -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.java" />

<!--Provide support for conversion, formatting and validation -->

<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResol
ver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

6. Create the other view components

To run this example, the following view components must be located inside the
WEB-INF/jsp directory.
viewpage.jsp
<html>
<body>
${message}
</body>
</html>
errorpage.jsp
<html>
<body>
${message}
<br><br>
<jsp:include page="/index.jsp"></jsp:include>
</body>
</html>

Spring MVC RequestParam Annotation

In Spring MVC, the @RequestParam annotation is used to read the form data and bind it
automatically to the parameter present in the provided method. So, it ignores the
requirement of HttpServletRequest object to read the provided data.
Including form data, it also maps the request parameter to query parameter and parts in
multipart requests. If the method parameter type is Map and a request parameter name is
specified, then the request parameter value is converted to a Map else the map parameter
is populated with all request parameter names and values.

Spring MVC RequestParam Example

Let's create a login page that contains a username and password. Here, we validate the
password with a specific value.

1. Add dependencies to pom.xml

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->

<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0-alpha-1</version>
</dependency>

2. Create the request page

It is the login page that receive name and password from the user.
Hello Java Program for Beginners

index.jsp
<html>
<body>
<form action="hello">
UserName : <input type="text" name="name"/> <br><br>
Password : <input type="text" name="pass"/> <br><br>
<input type="submit" name="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>

3. Create the Controller Class

In controller class:
 o The @RequestParam is used to read the HTML form data provided by a user and bind it to
the request parameter.
o The Model contains the request data and provides it to view page.

HelloController.java
package com.java;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

@Controller
public class HelloController {

@RequestMapping("/hello")
//read the provided form data
public String display(@RequestParam("name") String name,@RequestParam("pass") String pass,M
odel m)
{
if(pass.equals("admin"))
{
String msg="Hello "+ name;
//add a message to the model
m.addAttribute("message", msg);
return "viewpage";
}
else
{
String msg="Sorry "+ name+". You entered an incorrect password";
m.addAttribute("message", msg);
return "errorpage";
}
}
}

4. Create the other view components

To run this example, the following view components must be located inside the
WEB-INF/jsp directory.
viewpage.jsp
<html>
<body>
${message}
</body>
 </html>
errorpage.jsp
<html>
<body>
${message}
<br><br>
<jsp:include page="/index.jsp"></jsp:include>
</body>
</html>

Spring MVC Form Tag Library

The Spring MVC form tags are the configurable and reusable building blocks for a web
page. These tags provide JSP, an easy way to develop, read and maintain.
The Spring MVC form tags can be seen as data binding-aware tags that can automatically
set data to Java object/bean and also retrieve from it. Here, each tag provides support for
the set of attributes of its corresponding HTML tag counterpart, making the tags familiar
and easy to use.

Configuration of Spring MVC Form Tag

The form tag library comes under the spring-webmvc.jar. To enable the support for form
tag library, it is required to reference some configuration. So, add the following directive at
the beginning of the JSP page:
1. <%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>

List of Spring MVC Form Tags

Let's see some of the frequently used Spring MVC form tags.

Form Tag Description

form:form It is a container tag that contains all other form tags.

form:input This tag is used to generate the text field.

form:radiobutton This tag is used to generate the radio buttons.

form:checkbox This tag is used to generate the checkboxes.

form:password This tag is used to generate the password input field.

form:select This tag is used to generate the drop-down list.

form:textarea This tag is used to generate the multi-line text field.

form:hidden This tag is used to generate the hidden input field.

The form tag

The Spring MVC form tag is a container tag. It is a parent tag that contains all the other tags
of the tag library. This tag generates an HTML form tag and exposes a binding path to the
inner tags for binding.

Syntax
<form:form action="nextFormPath" modelAttribute=?abc?>

Example of Spring MVC Form Text Field

1. Add dependencies to pom.xml file.
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->

<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0-alpha-1</version>
</dependency>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->

<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-jasper -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-jasper</artifactId>
<version>9.0.12</version>
</dependency>

2. Create the bean class

Here, the bean class contains the variables (along setter and getter methods)
corresponding to the input field exist in the form.
Reservation.java
package com.java.model;

public class Reservation {

private String firstName;

private String lastName;
public Reservation()
{
}
public String getFirstName() {
return firstName;
}
public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
}

3. Create the controller class

ReservationController.java
package com.java.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@RequestMapping("/reservation")
@Controller
public class ReservationController {
@RequestMapping("/bookingForm")
public String bookingForm(Model model)
{
//create a reservation object
Reservation res=new Reservation();
//provide reservation object to the model
model.addAttribute("reservation", res);
return "reservation-page";
}
@RequestMapping("/submitForm")
// @ModelAttribute binds form data to the object
public String submitForm(@ModelAttribute("reservation") Reservation res)
{
return "confirmation-page";
}
}

4. Provide the entry of controller in the web.xml file

web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.co
m/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/x
ml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>SpringMVC</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
 <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

5. Define the bean in the xml file

spring-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- Provide support for component scanning -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.java" />
<!--Provide support for conversion, formatting and validation -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- Define Spring MVC view resolver -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewRe
solver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

6. Create the requested page

index.jsp
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Railway Registration Form</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="reservation/bookingForm">Click here for reservation.</a>
</body>
</html>
 7. Create other view components
reservation-page.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Reservation Form</title>
</head>
<h3>Railway Reservation Form</h3>
<body>
<form:form action="submitForm" modelAttribute="reservation">
First name: <form:input path="firstName" />
<br><br>
Last name: <form:input path="lastName" />
<br><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit" />
</form:form>
</body>
</html>

Note - The value passed with the @ModelAttribute annotation should be the same to
the modelAttribute value present in the view page.
confirmation-page.jsp
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>Your reservation is confirmed successfully. Please, re-check the details.</p>
First Name : ${reservation.firstName} <br>
Last Name : ${reservation.lastName}
</body>
</html>

Spring MVC Form Radio Button

The Spring MVC form radio button allows us to choose only one option at a time. This tag
renders an HTML input tag of type radio.

Syntax
1. <form:radiobutton path="abc" value="xyz"/>
Apart from radio button tag, Spring MVC form tag library also contains radiobuttons tag. This
tag renders multiple HTML input tags with type radio.
1. <form:radiobuttons path="abc" items="${xyz}"/>

Example of Spring MVC Form Radio Button

1. Add dependencies to pom.xml
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->

<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0-alpha-1</version>
</dependency>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->

<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-jasper -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-jasper</artifactId>
<version>9.0.12</version>
</dependency>

2. Create the bean class

Reservation.java
package com.java;

public class Reservation {

private String firstName;

 private String lastName;
private String Gender;

public Reservation()
{
}
public String getFirstName() {
return firstName;
}
public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
public String getGender() {
return Gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
Gender = gender;
}
}

3. Create the controller class

ReservationController.java
package com.java;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@RequestMapping("/reservation")
@Controller
public class ReservationController {
@RequestMapping("/bookingForm")
public String bookingForm(Model model)
{
//create a reservation object
Reservation res=new Reservation();
 //provide reservation object to the model
model.addAttribute("reservation", res);
return "reservation-page";
}
@RequestMapping("/submitForm")
public String submitForm(@ModelAttribute("reservation") Reservation res)
{
return "confirmation-form";
}
}

4. Provide the entry of controller in the web.xml file

web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.co
m/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/x
ml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>SpringMVC</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

5. Define the bean in the xml file

spring-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- Provide support for component scanning -->
 <context:component-scan base-package="com.java" />
<!--Provide support for conversion, formatting and validation -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- Define Spring MVC view resolver -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewRe
solver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

6. Create the requested page

index.jsp
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Railway Registration Form</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="reservation/bookingForm">Click here for reservation.</a>
</body>
</html>

7. Create the view components

reservation-page.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Reservation Form</title>
</head>
<h3>Railway Reservation Form</h3>
<body>
<form:form action="submitForm" modelAttribute="reservation">
First name: <form:input path="firstName" />
<br><br>
Last name: <form:input path="lastName" />
<br><br>
Gender:
Male <form:radiobutton path="Gender" value="Male"/>
Female <form:radiobutton path="Gender" value="Female"/>
<br><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit" />
</form:form>
</body>
</html>
confirmation-page.jsp
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>Your reservation is confirmed successfully. Please, re-check the details.</p>
First Name : ${reservation.firstName} <br>
Last Name : ${reservation.lastName} <br>
Gender: ${reservation.gender}
</body>
</html>

Example of Spring MVC Form Drop-Down List

1. Add dependencies to pom.xml file.

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmv
c -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->

<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0-alpha-1</version>
</dependency>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->

<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-jasper -->
<dependency>
 <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-jasper</artifactId>
<version>9.0.12</version>
</dependency>

2. Create the bean class

Reservation.java

package com.java;

public class Reservation {

private String firstName;

private String lastName;
private String Gender;
private String[] Food;
private String cityFrom;
private String cityTo;
public Reservation()
{
}
public String getFirstName() {
return firstName;
}
public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
public String getGender() {
return Gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
Gender = gender;
}
public String[] getFood() {
return Food;
 }
public void setFood(String[] food) {
Food = food;
}
public String getCityFrom() {
return cityFrom;
}
public void setCityFrom(String cityFrom) {
this.cityFrom = cityFrom;
}
public String getCityTo() {
return cityTo;
}
public void setCityTo(String cityTo) {
this.cityTo = cityTo;
}
}

3. Create the controller class

ReservationController.java

package com.java;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@RequestMapping("/reservation")
@Controller
public class ReservationController {
@RequestMapping("/bookingForm")
public String bookingForm(Model model)
{
//create a reservation object
Reservation res=new Reservation();
//provide reservation object to the model
model.addAttribute("reservation", res);
return "reservation-page";
}
@RequestMapping("/submitForm")
public String submitForm(@ModelAttribute("reservation") Reservation res)
 {
return "confirmation-page";
}
}

4. Provide the entry of controller in the web.xml file

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="htt
p://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/
javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" ver
sion="3.0">
<display-name>SpringMVC</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class
>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

5. Define the bean in the xml file

spring-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- Provide support for component scanning -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.java" />
<!--Provide support for conversion, formatting and validation -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- Define Spring MVC view resolver -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalR
esourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

6. Create the requested page

index.jsp

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Railway Registration Form</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="reservation/bookingForm">Click here for reservation.</a>
</body>
</html>

7. Create the view components

reservation-page.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Reservation Form</title>
</head>
<h3>Railway Reservation Form</h3>
<body>
<form:form action="submitForm" modelAttribute="reservation">
First name: <form:input path="firstName" />
<br><br>
 Last name: <form:input path="lastName" />
<br><br>
Gender:
Male<form:radiobutton path="Gender" value="Male"/>
Female<form:radiobutton path="Gender" value="Female"/>
<br><br>
Meals:
BreakFast<form:checkbox path="Food" value="BreakFast"/>
Lunch<form:checkbox path="Food" value="Lunch"/>
Dinner<form:checkbox path="Food" value="Dinner"/>
<br><br>
Leaving from: <form:select path="cityFrom">
<form:option value="Ghaziabad" label="Ghaziabad"/>
<form:option value="Modinagar" label="Modinagar"/>
<form:option value="Meerut" label="Meerut"/>
<form:option value="Amristar" label="Amristar"/>
</form:select>
<br><br>
Going to: <form:select path="cityTo">
<form:option value="Ghaziabad" label="Ghaziabad"/>
<form:option value="Modinagar" label="Modinagar"/>
<form:option value="Meerut" label="Meerut"/>
<form:option value="Amristar" label="Amristar"/>
</form:select>
<br><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit" />
</form:form>
</body>
</html>

confirmation-page.jsp

<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>Your reservation is confirmed successfully. Please, re-check the details.</p>
First Name : ${reservation.firstName} <br>
Last Name : ${reservation.lastName} <br>
Gender: ${reservation.gender}<br>
Meals:
<ul>
 <c:forEach var="meal" items="${reservation.food}">
<li>${meal}</li>
</c:forEach>
</ul>
Leaving From : ${reservation.cityFrom} <br>
Going To : ${reservation.cityTo}
</body>
</html>

Spring MVC CRUD Example

CRUD( Create, Read, Update and Delete) application is the most important application for
creating any project. It provides an idea to develop a large project. In spring MVC, we can
develop a simple CRUD application.

Here, we are using JdbcTemplate for database interaction.

Create a table
Here, we are using emp99 table present in the MySQL database. It has 4 fields: id, name,
salary, and designation. Here, id is auto incremented which is generated by the sequence.

Create table emp99(id int primary key auto_increment ,name varchar(20),salary double,
designation varchar(20))

Spring MVC CRUD Example

1. Add dependencies to pom.xml file.

pom.xmlExceptHandling in Java -

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-jasper -->

<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-jasper</artifactId>
<version>9.0.12</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0-alpha-1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.11</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

2. Create the bean class

Here, the bean class contains the variables (along setter and getter methods)
corresponding to the fields exist in the database.

Emp.java

package com.java.beans;

public class Emp {

private int id;
private String name;
private float salary;
private String designation;

public int getId() {

return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public float getSalary() {
return salary;
}
public void setSalary(float salary) {
this.salary = salary;
}
public String getDesignation() {
return designation;
}
public void setDesignation(String designation) {
this.designation = designation;
}

3. Create the controller class

EmpController.java

package com.java.controllers;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import com.java.beans.Emp;
import com.java.dao.EmpDao;
@Controller
public class EmpController {
@Autowired
EmpDao dao;//will inject dao from XML file

/*It displays a form to input data, here "command" is a reserved request attribute

*which is used to display object data into form

*/
@RequestMapping("/empform")
public String showform(Model m){
m.addAttribute("command", new Emp());
return "empform";
}
/*It saves object into database. The @ModelAttribute puts request data
* into model object. You need to mention RequestMethod.POST method
* because default request is GET*/
@RequestMapping(value="/save",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String save(@ModelAttribute("emp") Emp emp){
dao.save(emp);
return "redirect:/viewemp";//will redirect to viewemp request mapping
}
/* It provides list of employees in model object */
@RequestMapping("/viewemp")
public String viewemp(Model m){
List<Emp> list=dao.getEmployees();
m.addAttribute("list",list);
return "viewemp";
}
 /* It displays object data into form for the given id.
* The @PathVariable puts URL data into variable.*/
@RequestMapping(value="/editemp/{id}")
public String edit(@PathVariable int id, Model m){
Emp emp=dao.getEmpById(id);
m.addAttribute("command",emp);
return "empeditform";
}
/* It updates model object. */
@RequestMapping(value="/editsave",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String editsave(@ModelAttribute("emp") Emp emp){
dao.update(emp);
return "redirect:/viewemp";
}
/* It deletes record for the given id in URL and redirects to /viewemp */
@RequestMapping(value="/deleteemp/{id}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String delete(@PathVariable int id){
dao.delete(id);
return "redirect:/viewemp";
}
}

4. Create the DAO class

Let's create a DAO class to access the required data from the database.

EmpDao.java

package com.java.dao;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import com.java.beans.Emp;

public class EmpDao {

JdbcTemplate template;

public void setTemplate(JdbcTemplate template) {

this.template = template;
 }
public int save(Emp p){
String sql="insert into Emp99(name,salary,designation) values('"+p.getName()+"',"+
p.getSalary()+",'"+p.getDesignation()+"')";
return template.update(sql);
}
public int update(Emp p){
String sql="update Emp99 set name='"+p.getName()+"', salary="+p.getSalary()+",de
signation='"+p.getDesignation()+"' where id="+p.getId()+"";
return template.update(sql);
}
public int delete(int id){
String sql="delete from Emp99 where id="+id+"";
return template.update(sql);
}
public Emp getEmpById(int id){
String sql="select * from Emp99 where id=?";
return template.queryForObject(sql, new Object[]{id},new BeanPropertyRowMap
per<Emp>(Emp.class));
}
public List<Emp> getEmployees(){
return template.query("select * from Emp99",new RowMapper<Emp>(){
public Emp mapRow(ResultSet rs, int row) throws SQLException {
Emp e=new Emp();
e.setId(rs.getInt(1));
e.setName(rs.getString(2));
e.setSalary(rs.getFloat(3));
e.setDesignation(rs.getString(4));
return e;
}
});
}
}

5. Provide the entry of controller in the web.xml file

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="htt
p://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/
 javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" ver
sion="3.0">
<display-name>SpringMVC</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class
>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

6. Define the bean in the xml file

spring-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.java.controllers"></context:compon
ent-scan>

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
>
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>

<bean id="ds" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSour

ce">
 <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property>

<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"></property>

<property name="username" value=""></property>
<property name="password" value=""></property>
</bean>

<bean id="jt" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">

<property name="dataSource" ref="ds"></property>
</bean>

<bean id="dao" class="com.java.dao.EmpDao">

<property name="template" ref="jt"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

7. Create the requested page

index.jsp

<a href="empform">Add Employee</a>

<a href="viewemp">View Employees</a>

8. Create the other view components

empform.jsp

<%@ taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%>

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>

<h1>Add New Employee</h1>

<form:form method="post" action="save">
<table >
<tr>
<td>Name : </td>
<td><form:input path="name" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Salary :</td>
<td><form:input path="salary" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
 <td>Designation :</td>
<td><form:input path="designation" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td><input type="submit" value="Save" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form:form>

empeditform.jsp

<%@ taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%>

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>

<h1>Edit Employee</h1>
<form:form method="POST" action="/SpringMVCCRUDSimple/editsave">
<table >
<tr>
<td></td>
<td><form:hidden path="id" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Name : </td>
<td><form:input path="name" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Salary :</td>
<td><form:input path="salary" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Designation :</td>
<td><form:input path="designation" /></td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td> </td>
<td><input type="submit" value="Edit Save" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form:form>
viewemp.jsp

<%@ taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%>

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>

<h1>Employees List</h1>
<table border="2" width="70%" cellpadding="2">
<tr><th>Id</th><th>Name</th><th>Salary</th><th>Designation</th><th>Edit</th><th>D
elete</th></tr>
<c:forEach var="emp" items="${list}">
<tr>
<td>${emp.id}</td>
<td>${emp.name}</td>
<td>${emp.salary}</td>
<td>${emp.designation}</td>
<td><a href="editemp/${emp.id}">Edit</a></td>
<td><a href="deleteemp/${emp.id}">Delete</a></td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
<br/>
<a href="empform">Add New Employee</a>

Spring MVC Validation

The Spring MVC Validation is used to restrict the input provided by the user. To validate
the user's input, the Spring 4 or higher version supports and use Bean Validation API. It can
validate both server-side as well as client-side applications.

Bean Validation API

The Bean Validation API is a Java specification which is used to apply constraints on object
model via annotations. Here, we can validate a length, number, regular expression, etc.
Apart from that, we can also provide custom validations.
As Bean Validation API is just a specification, it requires an implementation. So, for that, it
uses Hibernate Validator. The Hibernate Validator is a fully compliant JSR-303/309
implementation that allows to express and validate application constraints.
Validation Annotations

Annotation Description

@NotNull It determines that the value can't be null.

@Min It determines that the number must be equal or greater than the specified value.

@Max It determines that the number must be equal or less than the specified value.

@Size It determines that the size must be equal to the specified value.

@Pattern It determines that the sequence follows the specified regular expression.

Spring MVC Validation Example

In this example, we create a simple form that contains the input fields. Here, (*) means it is
mandatory to enter the corresponding field. Otherwise, the form generates an error.

Add dependencies to pom.xml file.

pom.xml

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-jasper -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-jasper</artifactId>
<version>9.0.12</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0-alpha-1</version>
 </dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.hibernate.validator/hibernate-validato
r -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate.validator</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>6.0.13.Final</version>
</dependency>

2. Create the bean class

Employee.java

package com.java;
import javax.validation.constraints.Size;

public class Employee {

private String name;

@Size(min=1,message="required")
private String pass;

public String getName() {

return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPass() {
return pass;
}
public void setPass(String pass) {
this.pass = pass;
}
}
3. Create the controller class
In controller class:

o The @Valid annotation applies validation rules on the provided object.

o The BindingResult interface contains the result of validation.

package com.java;

import javax.validation.Valid;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class EmployeeController {

@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String display(Model m)
{
m.addAttribute("emp", new Employee());
return "viewpage";
}
@RequestMapping("/helloagain")
public String submitForm( @Valid @ModelAttribute("emp") Employee e, BindingRe
sult br)
{
if(br.hasErrors())
{
return "viewpage";
}
else
{
return "final";
}
}
}

4. Provide the entry of controller in the web.xml file

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="htt
p://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/
javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" ver
sion="3.0">
<display-name>SpringMVC</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class
>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

5. Define the bean in the xml file

spring-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- Provide support for component scanning -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.java" />
<!--Provide support for conversion, formatting and validation -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- Define Spring MVC view resolver -->
 <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalR
esourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

6. Create the requested page

index.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>

<html>
<body>
<a href="hello">Click here...</a>
</body>
</html>

7. Create the other view components

viewpage.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>

<html>
<head>
<style>
.error{color:red}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<form:form action="helloagain" modelAttribute="emp">
Username: <form:input path="name"/> <br><br>
Password(*): <form:password path="pass"/>
<form:errors path="pass" cssClass="error"/><br><br>
<input type="submit" value="submit">
</form:form>
</body>
</html>

final.jsp

<html>
 <body>
Username: ${emp.name} <br><br>
Password: ${emp.pass}
</body>
</html>

Spring MVC Number Validation

In Spring MVC Validation, we can validate the user's input within a number range. The
following annotations are used to achieve number validation:

o @Min annotation - It is required to pass an integer value with @Min annotation. The
user input must be equal to or greater than this value.
o @Max annotation - It is required to pass an integer value with @Max annotation.
The user input must be equal to or smaller than this value.

Spring MVC Number Validation Example

1. Add dependencies to pom.xml file.

pom.xml

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-jasper -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-jasper</artifactId>
<version>9.0.12</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
<dependency>
 <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0-alpha-1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.hibernate.validator/hibernate-validato
r -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate.validator</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>6.0.13.Final</version>
</dependency>

2. Create the bean class

Employee.java

package com.java;

import javax.validation.constraints.Max;
import javax.validation.constraints.Min;
import javax.validation.constraints.Size;

public class Employee {

private String name;

@Size(min=1,message="required")
private String pass;

@Min(value=18, message="must be equal or greater than 18")

@Max(value=45, message="must be equal or less than 45")
private int age;

public String getName() {

return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
 this.name = name;
}
public String getPass() {
return pass;
}
public void setPass(String pass) {
this.pass = pass;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}

3. Create the controller class

EmployeeController.java

package com.java;

import javax.validation.Valid;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class EmployeeController {

@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String display(Model m)
{
m.addAttribute("emp", new Employee());
return "viewpage";
}
@RequestMapping("/helloagain")
public String submitForm( @Valid @ModelAttribute("emp") Employee e, BindingRe
sult br)
 {
if(br.hasErrors())
{
return "viewpage";
}
else
{
return "final";
}
}
}

4. Provide the entry of controller in the web.xml file

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="htt
p://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/
javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" ver
sion="3.0">
<display-name>SpringMVC</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class
>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

5. Define the bean in the xml file

spring-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- Provide support for component scanning -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.java" />
<!--Provide support for conversion, formatting and validation -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- Define Spring MVC view resolver -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalR
esourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

6. Create the requested page

index.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>

<html>
<body>
<a href="hello">Click here...</a>
</body>
</html>

7. Create the other view components

viewpage.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>

<html>
<head>
<style>
.error{color:red}
</style>
</head>
 <body>
<form:form action="helloagain" modelAttribute="emp">
Username: <form:input path="name"/> <br><br>
Password: <form:password path="pass"/>
<form:errors path="pass" cssClass="error"/><br><br>
Age: <form:input path="age"/>
<form:errors path="age" cssClass="error"/><br><br>
<input type="submit" value="submit">
</form:form>
</body>
</html>

final.jsp

<html>
<body>
Username: ${param.name} <br>
Password: ${param.pass} <br>
Age: ${param.age } <br>
</body>
</html>