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B.Tech. – I Year I Semester

S.No. Category Title L/D T P Credits

1 BS Engineering Physics 3 0 0 3
2 BS Linear Algebra & Calculus 3 0 0 3
3 ES Basic Electrical & Electronics 3 0 0 3
Engineering
4 ES Introduction to Programming 3 0 0 3
5 ES Engineering Graphics 1 0 4 3
6 ES IT Workshop 0 0 2 1
7 HSMC Engineering Physics Lab 0 0 2 1
8 ES Electrical and Electronics Engineering 0 0 3 1.5
Workshop
9 ES Computer Programming Lab 0 0 3 1.5
10 Activity Health and wellness, Yoga and - - 1 0.5
sports
Total 13 00 15 20.5

B.Tech. – I Year II Semester

S.No. Category Title L/D T P Credits

1 HSMC Communicative English 2 0 0 2
2 BS Chemistry 3 0 0 3
3 BS Differential Equations & Vector Calculus 3 0 0 3
4 ES Basic Civil and Mechanical Engineering 3 0 0 3
5 PCC Network Analysis 3 0 0 3
6 HSMC Communicative English Lab 0 0 2 1
7 BS&H Chemistry Lab 0 0 2 1
8 ES Engineering Workshop 0 0 3 1.5
9 PCC Network Analysis and Simulation Lab 0 0 3 1.5
10 Activity NSS/NCC/Scouts & - - 1 0.5
Guides/Community Service
Total 16 0 11 19.5
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B.Tech. – II Year I Semester

S.No. Category Title L T P Credits

1 BS Probability and Complex Variables 3 0 0 3
2 HSMC Universal Human Values – 2 1 0 3
Understanding Harmony and Ethical
Human Conduct
3 ES Signals, Systems and Stochastic 3 0 0 3
Processes
4 PCC Electronic Devices and Circuits 3 0 0 3
5 PCC Digital Circuits Design 3 0 0 3
6 PCC Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab 0 0 3 1.5
7 PCC Digital Circuits & Signal Simulation 0 0 3 1.5
Lab
8 SEC Python Programming 0 1 2 2
9 Audit Course Environmental Science 2 0 0 -
Total 16 02 08 20

B.Tech. II Year II Semester

S.No. Category Title L T P Credits

1 HSMC Managerial Economics and Financial 2 0 0 2
Analysis /
Organizational Behavior /
Business Environment
2 ES Linear Control Systems 3 0 0 3
3 PCC EM Waves and Transmission Lines 3 0 0 3
4 PCC Electronic Circuits Analysis 3 0 0 3
5 PCC Analog and Digital Communications 3 0 0 3
6 PCC Electronic Circuits Analysis Lab 0 0 3 1.5
7 PCC Analog and Digital Communications Lab 0 0 3 1.5
8 SEC Soft Skills 0 1 2 2
9 ES Design Thinking and Innovation 1 0 2 2
Total 15 1 10 21
Mandatory Community Service Project Internship of 08 weeks duration during summer
vacation

2
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B.Tech. – III Year I Semester

S.No. Category Title L T P Credits
1 PCC Analog and Digital IC Applications 3 0 0 3
2 PCC Antennas and Wave Propagation 3 0 0 3
3 PCC Microprocessors and Microcontrollers 3 0 0 3
4 PE - I Computer Architecture & Organization 3 0 0 3
Information Theory and Coding
Detection and Estimation Theory
Artificial Intelligence
5 OE- I 3 0 0 3
6 PCC Analog & Digital IC Applications Lab 0 0 3 1.5
7 PCC Microprocessors and Microcontrollers Lab 0 0 3 1.5
8 SEC PCB Design and Prototype Development 0 1 2 2
9 ES Tinkering Lab 0 0 2 1
10 Evaluation of Summer Internship - - - 2
Total 15 1 10 23

B.Tech. III Year II Semester

S.No. Category Title L T P Credits
1 PCC Digital Signal Processing 3 0 0 3
2 PCC Microwave and Optical Communications 3 0 0 3
3 PCC VLSI Design 3 0 0 3
4 PE – II Electronic Measurements and 3 0 0 3
Instrumentation
Cellular and Mobile Communications/
Data Communications and Networking
/Cellular & Mobile Communications
Machine Learning
Introduction to Robotics
5 PE-III Embedded Systems 3 0 0 3
Satellite Communications
Optimization Techniques
Cyber Security
6 OE - II 3 0 0 3
7 PCC Microwave and Optical Communications 0 0 3 1.5
Lab
8 PCC VLSI Design Lab 0 0 3 1.5
9 SEC AI and Signal Processing 0 1 2 2
10 Audit Course Technical Paper Writing & IPR 2 0 0 -
Total 20 1 08 23
Mandatory Industry Internship of 08 weeks duration during summer vacation
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B.Tech. – IV Year I Semester

S.No. Category Title L T P Credits

1 PCC Data Communications and 3 0 0 3
Networking/Cellular & Mobile
Communication
2 HSMC Entrepreneurship and Incubation / 2 0 0 2
Management Science /
Human Resource Management
3 PE- IV Low Power VLSI Design 3 0 0 3
Radar Engineering
Digital Image Processing
5G Communications
4 PE- V Sensors and Actuators 3 0 0 3
Wireless Sensor Networks
Speech Processing
Internet of Things
5 OE- III 3 0 0 3
6 OE- IV 3 0 0 3
7 SEC Industrial IoT & Automation 0 1 2 2

8 Audit Course Gender Sensitization 2 0 0 -

9 Internship Evaluation of Industry Internship - - - 2

Total 19 1 02 21

B.Tech. – IV Year II Semester

S.No. Category Title L T P Credits

1 PR Internship and Project - - 24 12

PROFESISONAL ELECTIVE COURSES

Electronics Engineering
1. Computer Architecture & Organization
2. Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation
3. Embedded Systems
4. Low Power VLSI Design
5. Sensors and Actuators

Communication Engineering
1. Information Theory and Coding
2. Satellite Communications
3. Cellular and Mobile Communications/ Data Communications and Networking
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4. Radar Engineering
5. Wireless Sensor Networks

Signal Processing
1. Detection and Estimation Theory
2. Machine Learning
3. Optimization Techniques
4. Digital Image Processing
5. Speech Processing

Emerging Technologies
1. Artificial Intelligence
2. Introduction to Robotics
3. Cyber Security
4. Internet of Things
5. 5G Communications

OPEN RLECTIVE COURSES

List of Open Elective Courses offered to students of other disciplines.

1. Digital Circuits
2. Principles of Signal Processing
3. Microcontrollers and Applications
4. Principles of Communication Engineering
5. Transducers and Sensors
6. Electronic Measuring Instruments
7. Fundamentals of Computer Communication and Networks
8. Introduction to Internet of Things
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PROBABILITY AND COMPLEX VARIABLES

Course Outcomes:
 Understand the concepts of Probability, Random Variables and their characteristics
(L2, L3)
 Learn how to deal with multiple random variables, conditional probability, joint
distribution and statistical independence. (L3, L5)
 Formulate and solve engineering problems involving random variables. (L3)
 Analyze limit, continuity and differentiation of functions of complex variables and
Understand Cauchy-Riemann equations, analytic functions and various properties of
analytic functions. (L2, L3)
 Understand Cauchy theorem, Cauchy integral formulas and apply these to evaluate
complex contour integrals. Classify singularities and poles; find residues and evaluate
complex integrals using the residue theorem. (L3, L5)

UNIT I Probability & Random Variable

Probability through Sets and Relative Frequency: Experiments and Sample Spaces, Discrete
and Continuous Sample Spaces, Events, Probability Definitions and Axioms, Joint
Probability, Conditional Probability, Total Probability, Bayes’ Theorem, Independent Events.
Random variables (discrete and continuous), probability density functions, properties,
mathematical expectation. Mixed Random Variable, Distribution and Density functions,
Properties, Binomial, Poisson, Uniform, Gaussian, Exponential, Rayleigh.

UNIT II Operations on Random variable

Moments-moments about the origin, Central moments, Variance and Skew, Chebyshev’s
inequality, moment generating function, characteristic function.
Multiple Random Variables: Vector Random Variables, Joint Distribution Function,
Properties of Joint Distribution, Marginal Distribution Functions, Conditional Distribution
and Density – Point Conditioning, Interval conditioning, Statistical Independence.

UNIT III Operations on Multiple Random variables

Operations on Multiple Random Variables: Expected Value of a Function of Random
Variables, Joint Moments about the Origin, Joint Central Moments, Joint Characteristic
Functions, Jointly Gaussian Random Variables: Two Random Variables case, N Random
Variable case, Properties of Gaussian random variables.

UNIT IV Complex Variable – Differentiation

Introduction to functions of complex variable-concept of Limit & continuity- Differentiation,
Cauchy-Riemann equations, analytic functions harmonic functions, finding harmonic
conjugate-construction of analytic function by Milne Thomson method.

UNIT V Complex Variable – Integration

Line integral-Contour integration, Cauchy’s integral theorem (Simple Case), Cauchy Integral
formula, Power series expansions: Taylor’s series, zeros of analytic functions, singularities,
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Laurent’s series, Residues, Cauchy Residue theorem (without proof), Evaluation of definite
integral involving sine and cosine.
Textbooks:
1. Peyton Z. Peebles, “Probability, Random Variables & Random Signal Principles”, 4th
Edition, TMH, 2002.
2. B. S. Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Khanna Publishers, 2017, 44th
Edition

Reference Books:
1. Athanasios Papoulis and S. Unnikrishna Pillai, “Probability, Random Variables and
Stochastic Processes”, 4th Edition, PHI, 2002
2. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Wiley India
3. Henry Stark and John W.Woods, “Probability and Random Processes with
Application to Signal Processing,” 3rd Edition, Pearson Education, 2002.
4. B.V.Ramana, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Mc Graw Hill publishers.

Online Learning Resources:

https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc20_ma50/preview
https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc21_ma66/preview#:~:text=This%20course%20provides
%20random%20variable,and%20simple%20Markovian%20queueing%20models.
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SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND STOCHASTIC PROCESSES

Course Objectives:
 Understanding the basics of signals and systems required for ECE courses.
 To teach concepts of signals and systems and its analysis using different transform
techniques.
 To provide basic understanding of random processes which is essential for the random
signals and systems encountered in communications and signal Processing areas.

Course Outcomes:
 Understand the mathematical description and representation of continuous-time and
discrete-time signals and systems, Also, understand the concepts of various transform
techniques and Random Processes (L2)
 Apply sampling theorem to convert continuous-time signals to discrete-time signals
and reconstruct back, different transform techniques to solve signals and system
related problems. (L3)
 Formulate and solve engineering problems involving random processes. (L3)
 Analyze the frequency spectra of various continuous-time signals using different
transform methods. (L4)
 Classify the systems based on their properties and determine the response of them.
(L4)

UNIT I
Signals & Systems: Basic definitions and classification of Signals and Systems (Continuous
time and discrete time), operations on signals, Concepts of Convolution and Correlation of
signals, Analogy between vectors and signals-Orthogonality, mean square error,
Fourier series: Trigonometric & Exponential forms of Fourier series, Properties, Concept of
discrete spectrum, Illustrative Problems.

UNIT II
Fourier Transform: Definition, Computation and properties of Fourier transform for
different types of signals and systems, Inverse Fourier transform. Sampling: Sampling
theorem – Graphical and analytical proof for Band Limited Signals, Reconstruction of signal
from its samples, Effect of under sampling – Aliasing. Illustrative Problems.

Laplace Transform: Definition, ROC, Properties, Inverse Laplace transforms, the s-plane
and BIBO stability, Transfer functions, System Response to standard signals, Solution of
differential equations with initial conditions, Illustrative Problems.

UNIT III
Signal Transmission through Linear Systems: Linear system, impulse response, Response
of a linear system for different input signals, linear time-invariant (LTI) system, linear time
variant (LTV) system, Transfer function of a LTI system. Filter characteristics of linear
systems. Distortion less transmission through a system, Signal bandwidth, System bandwidth,
Ideal LPF, HPF and BPF characteristics, Causality and Paley-Wiener criterion for physical
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realization, Relationship between bandwidth and rise time, Energy and Power spectral
densities, Illustrative Problems.

UNIT IV
Random Processes – Temporal Characteristics: The Random Process Concept,
Classification of Processes, Deterministic and Nondeterministic Processes, Distribution and
Density Functions, concept of Stationarity and Statistical Independence. First-Order
Stationary Processes, Second- Order and Wide-Sense Stationarity, (N-Order) and Strict Sense
Stationarity, Time Averages and Ergodicity, Autocorrelation Function and Its Properties,
Cross-Correlation Function and Its Properties, Covariance Functions, Gaussian Random
Processes, Poisson Random Process. Random Signal, Mean and Mean-squared Value of
System Response, autocorrelation Function of Response, Cross-Correlation Functions of
Input and Output.

UNIT V
Random Processes – Spectral Characteristics: The Power Spectrum: Properties,
Relationship between Power Spectrum and Autocorrelation Function, The Cross-Power
Density Spectrum, Properties, Relationship between Cross-Power Spectrum and Cross
Correlation Function. Spectral Characteristics of System Response: Power Density Spectrum
of Response, Cross-Power Density Spectrums of Input and Output.

Textbooks:
1. Peyton Z. Peebles, “Probability, Random Variables & Random Signal Principles”, 4th
Edition, TMH, 2002.
2. A.V. Oppenheim, A.S. Willsky and S.H. Nawab, “Signals and Systems”, 2nd Edition,
PHI, 2009.

Reference Books:
1. Signals, Systems & Communications - B.P. Lathi, 2013, BSP.
2. Athanasios Papoulis and S. Unnikrishna Pillai, “Probability, Random Variables and
Stochastic Processes”, 4th Edition, PHI, 2002
3. Simon Haykin and Van Veen, “Signals & Systems”, 2nd Edition, Wiley, 2005.
4. Matthew Sadiku and Warsame H. Ali, “Signals and Systems A primer with
MATLAB”, CRC Press, 2016.
5. Hwei Hsu, “Schaum's Outline of Signals and Systems”, 4thEdition, TMH, 2019.
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ELECTRONIC DEVICES & CIRCUITS

Course Objectives:
 Students will be able understand the basic principles of all semiconductor devices.
 Able to analyze diode circuits, various biasing and small signal equivalent circuits of
amplifiers, compare the performance of BJTs and MOSFETs
 Able to design rectifier circuits and various amplifier circuits using BJTs and
MOSFETs.

Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course students will be able to
 Understand principle of operation, characteristics and applications of Semiconductor
diodes, Bipolar Junction Transistor and MOSFETs. (L2)
 Applying the basic principles solving the problems related to Semiconductor diodes,
BJTs, and MOSFETs. (L3)
 Analyze diode circuits for different applications such as rectifiers, clippers and
clampers also analyze biasing circuits of BJTs, and MOSFETs. (L4)
 Design of diode circuits and amplifiers using BJTs, and MOSFETs. (L4)
 Compare the performance of various semiconductor devices. (L4)

UNIT I
PN junction diode: Band structure of PN Junction, Quantitative Theory of PN Diode, types of
PN junction diode, VI Characteristics, PN diode current equation, Diode resistance,
Transition and Diffusion Capacitance, effect of temperature on PN junction diode, Half-
wave, Full-wave and Bridge Rectifiers with and without Filters, Ripple Factor and Regulation
Characteristics, Clipping and Clamping circuits, Voltage doubler ,Illustrative problems.

Special Diodes: Zener and Avalanche Breakdowns, VI Characteristics of Zener diode, Zener
diode as voltage regulator, Construction, operation and VI characteristics of Tunnel Diode,
Varactor Diode, LED, LCD, Photo Diode, SCR and UJT.

UNIT II
Bipolar Junction Transistors: Transistor construction, BJT Operation, Transistor as an
Amplifier and as a Switch, Common Emitter, Common Base and Common Collector
Configurations, Limits of Operation, BJT Specifications.

Biasing and Stabilization: Operating Point, DC and AC Load Lines, Importance of Biasing,
Fixed Bias, Collector to Base Bias, Self-Bias, Bias Stability, Thermal Runaway, Thermal
Stability, Illustrative problems.

UNIT III
MOS Field Effect Transistors: Introduction, Device Structure and Physical Operation,
CMOS, V - I Characteristics, MOSFET Circuits at DC, MOSFET as an Amplifier and as a
Switch. Biasing in MOS Amplifier circuits - biasing by fixing VGS with and without source
resistance, biasing using drain to gate feedback resistor, biasing using constant current
source, body effect, Problem solving.
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UNIT IV
BJT Small Signal Operation and Models- the transconductance, input resistance at the base,
input resistance at the emitter, Voltage gain, separating the Signal and the DC Quantities, The
Hybrid π Model, the T Model. Single Stage BJT Amplifiers - Common-Emitter (CE)
amplifier without and with emitter resistance, Common-Base (CB) amplifier, Common-
Collector (CC) amplifier or Emitter Follower, Problem solving.

UNIT V
MOSFET Small Signal Operation Models– the dc bias, separating the DC analysis and the
signal analysis, Small signal equivalent circuit models, the transconductance, the T equivalent
circuit model, Single stage MOS Amplifiers – common source (CS) amplifier without and
with source resistance, common gate (CG) amplifier, source follower, Problem Solving.

Textbooks:
1. Adel S. Sedra and Kenneth C. Smith, “Microelectronic Circuits – Theory and
Applications”, 6th Edition, Oxford Press, 2013.
2. J. Milliman and C Halkias, “Integrated electronics”, 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw Hill,
1991.
References:
1. Donald A Neamen, “Electronic Circuits – analysis and design”, 3rd Edition, McGraw
Hill (India), 2019.
2. Behzad Razavi, “Microelectronics”, Second edition, Wiley, 2013.
3. R.L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky, “Electronic Devices and Circuits,” 9th Edition,
Pearson, 2006.
4. Jimmie J Cathey, “Electronic Devices and Circuits,” Schaum’s outlines series, 3 rd
edition, McGraw-Hill (India), 2010.
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ELECTRONIC DEVICES & CIRCUITS LAB

Course Objectives:
 Verify the theoretical concepts practically from all the experiments.
 Analyse the characteristics of Diodes, BJT, MOSFET, UJT.
 Design the amplifier circuits from the given specifications.
 Model the electronic circuits using tools such as PSPICE/Multisim.
Course Outcomes:
 Understand the characteristics and applications of basic electronic devices. (L2)
 Plot the characteristics of electronic devices. (L3)
 Analyze various biasing circuits and electronic circuits as amplifiers (L4).
 Design MOSFET / BJT based amplifiers for the given specifications. (L5)
 Simulate all circuits in PSPICE /Multisim. (L5).

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS: (Execute any 12 experiments).

Note: All the experiments shall be implemented using both Hardware and Software.
1. Verification of Volt- Ampere characteristics of a PN junction diode and find static,
dynamic and reverse resistances of the diode from the graphs obtained.
2. Design a full wave rectifier for the given specifications with and without filters, and
verify the given specifications experimentally. Vary the load and find ripple factor.
Draw suitable graphs.
3. Verify various clipping and clamper circuits using PN junction diode and draw the
suitable graphs.
4. Design a Zener diode-based voltage regulator against variations of supply and load.
Verify the same from the experiment.
5. Study and draw the output and transfer characteristics of MOSFET (Enhance
mode) in Common Source Configuration experimentally. Find Threshold voltage
(VT), gm, & K from the graphs.
6. Study and draw the output and transfer characteristics of MOSFET (Depletion
mode) or JFET in Common Source Configuration experimentally. Find IDSS, gm, &
VP from the graphs.
7. Verification of the input and output characteristics of BJT in Common Emitter
configuration experimentally and find required h – parameters from the graphs.
8. Study and draw the input and output characteristics of BJT in Common Base
configuration experimentally and determine required h – parameters from the
graphs.
9. Study and draw the Volt Ampere characteristics of UJT and determine η, IP, Iv, VP,
&Vv from the experiment.
10. Design and analysis of voltage- divider bias/self-bias circuit using BJT.
11. Design and analysis of self-bias circuit using MOSFET.
12. Design a suitable circuit for switch using MOSFET/BJT.
13. Design a small signal amplifier using MOSFET (common source) for the given
specifications. Draw the frequency response and find the bandwidth.
14. Design a small signal amplifier using BJT(common emitter) for the given
specifications. Draw the frequency response and find the bandwidth.
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Tools / Equipment Required: Software Toollike Multisim/ Pspice or Equivalent,

DC Power supplies, Multi meters, DC Ammeters, DC Voltmeters, AC Voltmeters, CROs, all
the required active devices.
DIGITAL CIRCUITS DESIGN
Course Objectives:
 Understand the properties of Boolean algebra, logic operations, and minimization of
Boolean functions.
 Analyze combinational and analyze sequential logic circuits.
 Understand the concepts of FSM and compare various Programmable logic devices.
 Model combinational and sequential circuits using HDLs.

Course Outcomes: After completing the course, the student should be able to:
 Understand the properties of Boolean algebra, logic operations, concepts of FSM (L2)
 Apply techniques for minimization of Boolean functions (L3)
 Analyze combinational and Sequential logic circuits. (L4)
 Compare various Programmable logic devices. (L4)
 Design and Model combinational and sequential circuits using HDLs. (L5, L6)

UNIT I Boolean algebra, logic operations, and minimization of Boolean functions

Number Systems and Codes, Representation of unsigned and signed integers, Floating Point
representation of real numbers, Laws of Boolean Algebra, Theorems of Boolean Algebra,
Realization of functions using logic gates, Canonical forms of Boolean Functions,
Minimization of Functions using Karnaugh Maps.

UNIT II Combinational Logic Circuits

Combinational circuits, Design with basic logic gates, design procedure, adders, subtractors,
4-bit binary adder/ subtractor circuit, BCD adder, carry look- a-head adder, binary multiplier,
magnitude comparator, data selectors, priority encoders, decoders, multiplexers,
demultiplexers.

UNIT III Hardware Description Language

Introduction to Verilog - structural specification of logic circuits, behavioral specification of
logic circuits, hierarchical Verilog Code, Verilog for combinational circuits - conditional
operator, if-else statement, case statement, for loop using storage elements with CAD tools-
using Verilog constructs for storage elements, flip-flop with clear capability, using Verilog
constructs for registers and counters.

UNIT IV Sequential Logic Circuits

Basic architectural distinction between combinational and sequential circuits, Design
procedure, latches, flip-flops, truth tables and excitation tables, timing and triggering
consideration, conversion of flip- flops, design of counters, ripple counters, synchronous
counters, ring counter, Johnson counter, registers, shift registers, universal shift register.

UNIT V Finite State Machines and Programmable Logic Devices

Types of FSM, capabilities and limitations of FSM, state assignment, realization of FSM
using flip-flops, Mealy to Moore conversion and vice-versa, reduction of state tables using
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partition technique, Design of sequence detector. Types of PLD’s: PROM, PAL, PLA, basic
structure of CPLD and FPGA, advantages of FPGAs, Design of sequential circuits using
ROMs, PLAs, CPLDs and FPGAs,

Textbooks:
1. M. Morris Mano, “Digital Design”, 3rd Edition, PHI. (Unit I to IV)
2. Stephen Brown and ZvonkoVranesic, “Fundamentals of Digital Logic with Verilog
Design”, 3rd Edition, McGraw-Hill (Unit V)

Reference Books:
1. Charles H. Roth, Jr, “Fundamentals of Logic Design”, 4th Edition, Jaico Publishers.
2. ZviKohavi and NirajK.Jha, “Switching and Finite Automata Theory, 3rd Edition,
Cambridge University Press, 2010.
3. Samir Palnitkar, “Verilog HDL: A Guide to Digital Design and Synthesis”, 2 ndEdition,
Prentice Hall PTR.
4. D.P. Leach, A.P. Malvino, “Digital Principles and Applications”, TMH, 7th Edition.
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DIGITAL DESIGN & SIGNAL SIMULATION LAB

Course Objectives:
 Verify the truth tables of various logic circuits.
 Design sequential/combinational circuit using Hardware Description Language and
verify their functionality.
 Simulate various Signals and Systems through MATLAB
 Analyze the output of a system when it is excited by different types of deterministic
and random signals.

Course Outcomes: After completing the course, the student should be able to:
 Verify the truth tables of various logic circuits. (L2)
 Understand how to simulate different types of signals and system response. (L2)
 Design sequential and combinational logic circuits and verify their functionality. (L3,
L4)
 Analyze the response of different systems when they are excited by different signals
and plot power spectral density of signals. (L4)
 Generate different random signals for the given specifications. (L5)

List of Experiments:

PART A
1. Design a simple combinational circuit with four variables and obtain minimal SOP
expression and verify the truth table using Digital Trainer Kit.
2. Verification of functional table of 3 to 8-line Decoder /De-multiplexer
3. 4 variable logic function verification using 8 to1 multiplexer.
4. Design full adder circuit and verify its functional table.
5. Design a four-bit ring counter using D Flip–Flops/JK Flip Flop and verify output.
6. Design a four-bit Johnson’s counter using D Flip-Flops/JK Flip Flops and verify output
7. Verify the operation of 4-bit Universal Shift Register for different Modes of
operation.
8. Draw the circuit diagram of MOD-8 ripple counter and construct a circuit using T-Flip-
Flops and Test It with a low frequency clock and sketch the output waveforms.
9. Design MOD–8 synchronous counter using T Flip-Flop and verify the result and sketch
the output waveforms.
10. (a) Draw the circuit diagram of a single bit comparator and test the output
(b) Construct 7 Segment Display Circuit Using Decoder and7 Segment LED and test it.

Note: Design and verify combinational and sequential circuits using Hardware Description
Language
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References:
1. M. Morris Mano, “Digital Design”, 3rd Edition, PHI

PART B

List of Experiments:
1. Write a program to generate various Signals and Sequences: Periodic and Aperiodic,
Unit Impulse, Unit Step, Square, Saw tooth, Triangular, Sinusoidal, Ramp, Sinc
function.
2. Perform operations on Signals and Sequences: Addition, Multiplication, Scaling,
Shifting, Folding, Computation of Energy and Average Power.
3. Write a program to find the trigonometric & exponential Fourier series coefficients of
a rectangular periodic signal. Reconstruct the signal by combining the Fourier series
coefficients with appropriate weightings- Plot the discrete spectrum of the signal.
4. Write a program to find Fourier transform of a given signal. Plot its amplitude and
phase spectrum.
5. Write a program to convolve two discrete time sequences. Plot all the sequences.
6. Write a program to find autocorrelation and cross correlation of given sequences.
7. Write a program to verify Linearity and Time Invariance properties of a given
Continuous System.
8. Write a program to generate discrete time sequence by sampling a continuous time
signal. Show that with sampling rates less than Nyquist rate, aliasing occurs while
reconstructing the signal.
9. Write a program to find magnitude and phase response of first order low pass and
high pass filter. Plot the responses in logarithmic scale.
10. Write a program to generate Complex Gaussian noise and find its mean, variance,
Probability Density Function (PDF) and Power Spectral Density (PSD).
11. Generate a Random data (with bipolar) for a given data rate (say 10kbps). Plot the
same for a time period of 0.2 sec.
12. To plot pole-zero diagram in S-plane of given signal/sequence and verify its stability.

Note: Any 10 experiments. All the experiments are to be simulated using MATLAB or
equivalent software.

References:
Stephen J. Chapman, “MATLAB Programming for Engineers”, Cengage, November 2012.
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EM WAVES AND TRANSMISSION LINES

Course Objectives:
 To understand and analyze different laws and theorems of electrostatic fields.
 To study and analyze different laws and theorems of magnetostatic fields.
 Analyzing Maxwell’s equations in different forms.
 To learn the concepts of wave theory and its propagation through various mediums.
 To get exposure to the properties of transmission lines.

Course Outcomes: At the end of this course the student will be able to:
 Learn the concepts of wave theory and its propagation through various mediums. (L2)
 Understand the properties of transmission lines and their applications. (L2)
 Apply the laws & theorems of electrostatic fields to solve the related problems (L3)
 Gain proficiency in the analysis and application of magnetostatic laws and theorems
(L4).
 Analyze Maxwell’s equations in different forms. (L4)

UNIT I
Review of Co-ordinate Systems, Electrostatics: Coulomb’s Law, Electric Field Intensity,
Electric Flux Density, Gauss Law and Applications, Electric Potential, Maxwell’s Two
Equations for Electrostatic Fields, Energy Density, Illustrative Problems. Convection and
Conduction Currents, Dielectric Constant, Poisson’s and Laplace’s Equations; Capacitance –
Parallel Plate, Coaxial Capacitors, Illustrative Problems.

UNIT II
Magnetostatics: Biot-Savart Law, Ampere’s Circuital Law and Applications, Magnetic Flux
Density, Maxwell’s Two Equations for Magnetostatic Fields, Magnetic Scalar and Vector
Potentials, Forces due to Magnetic Fields, Ampere’s Force Law, Inductances and Magnetic
Energy, Illustrative Problems.

Maxwell’s Equations (Time Varying Fields): Faraday’s Law and Transformer EMF,
Inconsistency of Ampere’s Law and Displacement Current Density, Maxwell’s Equations in
Different Final Forms and Word Statements, Conditions at a Boundary Surface, Illustrative
Problems.

UNIT III
EM Wave Characteristics: Wave Equations for Conducting and Perfect Dielectric Media,
Uniform Plane Waves – Definition, All Relations Between E & H, Sinusoidal Variations,
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Wave Propagation in Lossy dielectrics, lossless dielectrics, free space, wave propagation in
good conductors, skin depth, Polarization & Types, Illustrative Problems.

Reflection and Refraction of Plane Waves – Normal and Oblique Incidences, for both Perfect
Conductor and Perfect Dielectrics, Brewster Angle, Critical Angle and Total Internal
Reflection, Surface Impedance, Poynting Vector and Poynting Theorem, Illustrative
Problems.

UNIT IV
Transmission Lines - I : Types, Parameters, T & π Equivalent Circuits, Transmission Line
Equations, Primary & Secondary Constants, Expressions for Characteristic Impedance,
Propagation Constant, Phase and Group Velocities, Infinite Line, Lossless lines, distortion
less lines, Illustrative Problems.

UNIT V
Transmission Lines – II: Input Impedance Relations, Reflection Coefficient, VSWR,
Average Power, Shorted Lines, Open Circuited Lines, and Matched Lines, Low loss radio
frequency and UHF Transmission lines, UHF Lines as Circuit Elements, Smith Chart –
Construction and Applications, Quarter wave transformer, Single Stub Matching, Illustrative
Problems.

Textbooks:
1. Elements of Electromagnetics, Matthew N.O. Sadiku, 4 th Edition, Oxford University
Press, 2008.
2. Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems, E.C. Jordan and K.G. Balmain, 2 nd
Edition, PHI, 2000.

References:
1. Electromagnetic Field Theory and Transmission Lines, G. S. N. Raju, 2 nd Edition,
Pearson Education, 2013.
2. Engineering Electromagnetics, William H. Hayt Jr. and John A. Buck, 7 th Edition, Tata
McGraw Hill, 2006.
3. Electromagnetics, John D. Krauss, 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill, 1988.
4. Networks, Lines, and Fields, John D. Ryder,2nd Edition, PHI publications, 2012.
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ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS ANALYSIS

Course Objectives:
 Understand the characteristics of Differential amplifiers, feedback and power
amplifiers.
 Analyze the response of tuned amplifiers
 Categorize different oscillator circuits based on the application
 Design the electronic circuits for the given specifications and for a given application.

Course Outcomes:
 Understand the characteristics of differential amplifiers, feedback and power
amplifiers. (L2)
 Examine the frequency response of multistage and differential amplifier circuits using
BJT & MOSFETs at low and high frequencies. (L3)
 Investigate different feedback and power amplifier circuits based on the application.
(L4)
 Derive the expressions for frequency of oscillation and condition for oscillation of RC
and LC oscillator circuits. (L4)
 Evaluate the performance of different tuned amplifiers (L5)
 Design analog circuits for the given specifications and application. (L6)

UNIT I Multistage and Differential Amplifiers

Introduction –Classification of Amplifiers- Distortion in amplifiers, Coupling Schemes, RC
Coupled Amplifier using BJT, Cascaded RC Coupled BJT Amplifiers, Cascode amplifier,
Darlington pair, the MOS Differential Pair, Small-Signal Operation of the MOS Differential
Pair, The BJT Differential Pair, and other Nonideal Characteristics of the Differential
Amplifier.

UNIT II Frequency Response

Low-Frequency Response of the CS and CE Amplifiers, Internal Capacitive Effects and the
High-Frequency Model of the MOSFET and the BJT, High-Frequency Response of the CS,
follower, CE, CG and Cascode Amplifiers,

UNIT III Feedback Amplifiers

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Feedback Amplifiers: Introduction, The General Feedback Structure, Some Properties of

Negative Feedback, The Four Basic Feedback Topologies, The Feedback Voltage Amplifier
(Series—Shunt), The Feedback Transconductance Amplifier (Series—Series), The Feedback
Trans-Resistance Amplifier (Shunt—Shunt), The Feedback Current Amplifier (Shunt—
Series).

UNIT IV Oscillators and Tuned Amplifiers

Oscillators: General Considerations, Phase Shift Oscillator, Wien-Bridge Oscillator, LC
Oscillators, Relaxation Oscillator, Crystal Oscillators, Illustrative Problems.

Tuned Amplifiers: Basic Principle, Use of Transformers, Single Tuned Amplifiers,

Amplifiers with multiple Tuned Circuits, Stagger Tuned Amplifiers.

UNIT V Power Amplifiers

Introduction, Classification of Output Stages, Class A Output Stage, Class B Output Stage,
Class AB Output Stage, Biasing the Class AB Circuit, CMOS Class AB Output Stages,
Power BJTs, Variations on the Class AB Configuration, MOS Power Transistors.

Textbooks:
1. . Millman, C Chalkias, “Integrated Electronics”, 4thEdition, McGraw Hill Education
(India) Private Ltd., 2015.
2. Adel. S. Sedra and Kenneth C. Smith, “Micro Electronic Circuits,” 6th Edition,
Oxford University Press, 2011.

References:
1. Behzad Razavi, “Fundamentals of Micro Electronics”, Wiley, 2010.
2. Donald A Neamen, “Electronic Circuits – Analysis and Design,” 3rdEdition, McGraw
Hill (India), 2019.
3. Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky, “Electronic Devices and Circuits Theory”,
9th Edition, Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2006.

ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS ANALYSIS LAB

Course Objectives:
 Plot the characteristics of Differential amplifiers, feedback and power amplifiers.
 Analyze the response of tuned amplifiers and multivibrators.
 Categorize different oscillator circuits based on the application.
 Design the electronic circuits for the given specifications and for a given application.

Course Outcomes:
 Know about the usage of equipment/components/software tools used to conduct
experiments in analog circuits. (L2)
 Conduct the experiment based on the knowledge acquired in the theory about various
analog circuits using BJT/MOSFETs to find the important parameters of the circuit
experimentally. (L3)
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 Analyze the given analog circuit to find required important metrics of it theoretically.
(L4)
 Compare the experimental results with that of theoretical ones and infer the
conclusions. (L4)
 Design the circuit for the given specifications. (L6)

List of Experiments:
1. Design and Analysis of Darlington pair.
2. Frequency response of CE – CC multistage Amplifier
3. Design and Analysis of Cascode Amplifier.
4. Frequency Response of Differential Amplifier
5. Design and Analysis of Series – Series feedback amplifier and find the frequency
response of it.
6. Design and Analysis of Series – Shunt feedback amplifier and find the frequency
response of it.
7. Design and Analysis of Shunt – Series feedback amplifier and find the frequency
response of it.
8. Design and Analysis of Shunt – Shunt feedback amplifier and find the frequency
response of it.
9. Design and Analysis of Class A power amplifier
10. Design and Analysis of Class AB amplifier
11. Design and Analysis of RC phase shift oscillator
12. Design and Analysis of LC Oscillator
13. Frequency Response of Single Tuned amplifier

Note: At least 10 experiments shall be performed. Both BJT and MOSFET based circuits
shall be implemented.

Faculty members who are handling the laboratory shall see that students are given design
specifications for a given circuit appropriately and monitor the design and analysis aspects of
the circuit.
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ANALOG AND DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS

Course Objectives:
 Introduce various modulation and demodulation techniques of analog and digital
communication systems.
 Analyze different parameters of analog and digital communication techniques.
 Understand function of various stages of AM, FM transmitters and Know
characteristics of AM &FM receivers.
 Analyze the performance of various digital modulation techniques in the presence of
AWGN.

Course Outcomes:
 Recognize the basic terminology used in analog and digital communication technique
for transmission of information/data. (L1)
 Explain the basic operation of different analog and digital communication systems at
baseband and passband level. (L2)
 Compute various parameters of baseband and passband transmission schemes by
applying basic engineering knowledge. (L3)
 Analyze the performance of different modulation & demodulation techniques to solve
complex problems in the presence of noise. (L4)
 Evaluate the performance of all analog and digital modulation techniques to know the
merits and demerits of each one of them in terms of bandwidth and power efficiency.
(L5)

UNIT I Continuous Wave Modulation

Introduction: The communication Process, Communication Channels, Baseband and
Passband Signals, Analog vs Digital Communications, Need for the modulation.
Amplitude Modulation (AM): AM and its modifications – DSB, SSB, VSB. Frequency
Translation, Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM).
Angle Modulation: Frequency Modulation (FM), Phase Modulation, PLL, Nonlinear Effects
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in FM, Superheterodyne Receivers.

UNIT II Noise and Pulse Modulation

Introduction to Noise: Types of Noise, Receiver Model,Noise in AM, DSB, SSB, and FM
Receivers, Pre-Emphasis and De-emphasis in FM.
Introduction to Pulse Modulation: The Sampling Process, PAM, TDM, Bandwidth-Noise
Trade off, Quantization process, PCM, Noise considerations in PCM systems, Delta
Modulation, DPCM, Coding speech at low bit rates.

UNIT III Baseband Pulse Transmission

Introduction, Matched Filter, Properties of Matched Filter, Error rate due to noise, Inter
Symbol Interference (ISI), Nyquist Criterion for distortion less baseband binary transmission,
Correlative level coding, Baseband M-ary PAM transmission, QAM, MAP and ML
decoding, Equalization, Eye pattern.

UNIT IV Digital Passband Transmission

Introduction, Passband Transmission Model, Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization Procedure,
Geometric Interpretation of Signals, Response of bank of correlators in noise, Correlation
receiver, Probability of Error, Detection of Signals with unknown phase.

UNIT V Digital Modulation Schemes

Coherent Digital Modulation Schemes – ASK, BPSK, BFSK, QPSK, Non-coherent BFSK,
DPSK. M-ary Modulation Techniques, Power Spectra, Bandwidth Efficiency, Timing and
Frequency synchronization.
Information theory: Entropy, Mutual Information and Channel capacity theorem.

Textbooks:
1. Simon Haykin, “Communication Systems”, JohnWiley& Sons, 4th Edition, 2004.
2. B. P. Lathi, Zhi Ding “ Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems”, Oxford
press, 2011.

References:
1.Sam Shanmugam, “Digital and Analog Communication Systems”,JohnWiley& Sons, 1999.
2. Bernard Sklar, F. J. harris“Digial Communications: Fundamentals andApplications”,
Pearson Publications, 2020.
3. Taub and Schilling, “ Principles of Communication Systems”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2007.
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ANALOG AND DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS LAB

Course Objectives:
 Understand the basics of analog and digital modulation techniques.
 Integrate theory with experiments so that the students appreciate the knowledge
gained from the theory course.
 Design and implement different modulation and demodulation techniques and their
applications.
 Develop cognitive and behavioral skills for performance analysis of various
modulation techniques.

Course Outcomes:
 Know about the usage of equipment/components/software tools used to conduct
experiments in analog and digital modulation techniques. (L2)
 Conduct the experiment based on the knowledge acquired in the theory about
modulation and demodulation schemes to find the important metrics of the
communication system experimentally. (L3)
 Analyze the performance of a given modulation scheme to find the important metrics
of the system theoretically. (L4)
 Compare the experimental results with that of theoretical ones and infer the
conclusions. (L4)

List of Experiments:
Design the circuits and verify the following experiments taking minimum of six from each
section shown below.
Section-A
1. AM Modulation and Demodulation
2. DSB-SC Modulation and Demodulation
3. Frequency Division Multiplexing
4. FM Modulation and Demodulation
5. Radio receiver measurements
6. PAM Modulation and Demodulation
7. PWM Modulation and Demodulation
8. PPM Modulation and Demodulation
Section-B
1. Sampling Theorem.
2. Time Division Multiplexing
3. Delta Modulation and Demodulation
4. PCM Modulation and Demodulation
5. BPSK Modulation and Demodulation
6. BFSK Modulation and Demodulation
7. QPSK Modulation and Demodulation
8. DPSK Modulation and Demodulation
Note: Faculty members (who are handling the laboratory) are requested to instruct the
students not to use readymade kits for conducting the experiments. They are advised to make
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the students work in the laboratory by constructing the circuits and analyzing them during the
lab sessions.

LINEAR CONTROL SYSTEMS

Course Objectives:
 Introduce the basic principles and applications of control systems.
 Learn the time response and steady state response of the systems.
 Know the time domain analysis and solutions to time invariant systems.
 Understand different aspects of stability analysis of systems in frequency domain.
 Understand the concept of state space, controllability and observability.

Course Outcomes: After completing the course, the student should be able to:
 Summarize the basic principles and applications of control systems. (L2)
 Understand the time response and steady state response of the systems. (L2)
 Understand the concept of state space, controllability and observability. (L2)
 Apply time domain analysis to find solutions to time invariant systems. (L3)
 Analyze different aspects of stability analysis of systems in frequency domain. (L4)

UNIT I
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Control Systems Concepts: Open loop and closed loop control systems and their
differences- Examples of control systems- Classification of control systems, Feedback
characteristics, Effects of positive and negative feedback, Mathematical models – Differential
equations of translational and rotational mechanical systems and electrical systems,
Analogous Systems, Block diagram reduction methods – Signal flow graphs - Reduction
using Mason’s gain formula. Controller components, DC Servomotor and AC Servomotor-
their transfer functions, Synchros.

UNIT II
Time Response Analysis: Step Response - Impulse Response - Time response of first order
systems – Characteristic Equation of Feedback control systems, Transient response of second
order systems - Time domain specifications – Steady state response - Steady state errors and
error constants, Study of effects and Design of P, PI, PD and PID Controllers on second order
system.

UNIT III
Stability Analysis in Time Domain: The concept of stability – Routh’s stability criterion –
Stability and conditional stability - limitations of Routh’s stability. The Root locus concept -
construction of root loci-effects of adding poles and zeros to G(s) H(s) on the root loci.

UNIT IV
Frequency Response Analysis: Introduction, Frequency domain specifications-Bode
diagrams-Determination of Frequency domain specifications and transfer function from the
Bode Diagram - Stability Analysis from Bode Plots. Polar Plots- Nyquist Plots- Phase margin
and Gain margin-Stability Analysis.
Compensation techniques – Study of Effects and Design of Lag, Lead, Lag-Lead
Compensator design in frequency Domain on a second order system.

UNIT V
State Space Analysis of Continuous Systems: Concepts of state, state variables and state
model - differential equations & Transfer function models - Block diagrams. Diagonalization,
Transfer function from state model, solving the Time invariant state Equations- State
Transition Matrix and it’s Properties. System response through State Space models. The
concepts of controllability and observability, Duality between controllability and
observability.

Textbooks:
1. Modern Control Engineering by Katsuhiko Ogata, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.,
5thedition, 2010.
2. Control Systems Engineering by I. J. Nagrath and M. Gopal, New Age International (P)
Limited Publishers, 5th edition, 2007.

References:
1. Control Systems Principles & Design by M.Gopal, 4th Edition, McGraw Hill
Education,2012.
2. Automatic Control Systems by B. C. Kuo and Farid Golnaraghi, John wiley and sons,
8th edition,2003.
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3. Feedback and Control Systems, Joseph J Distefano III, Allen R Stubberud & Ivan J
Williams, 2nd Edition, Schaum's outlines, McGraw Hill Education,2013.
4. Control System Design by Graham C. Goodwin, Stefan F. Graebe and Mario E.
Salgado, Pearson, 2000.
5. Feedback Control of Dynamic Systems by Gene F. Franklin, J.D. Powell and Abbas
Emami- Naeini, 6th Edition, Pearson,2010.

DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING (DRAFT)

UNIT I
Introduction to discrete time signals and systems: Introduction to digital signal processing,
Review of discrete-time signals and systems, Analysis of discrete-time linear time invariant
systems, frequency domain representation of discrete time signals and systems
Z–Transform: Definition, ROC, Properties, Poles and Zeros in Z-plane, the inverse Z-
Transform, System analysis, Transfer function, BIBO stability, System Response to standard
signals, Solution of difference equations with initial conditions, Illustrative Problems,
analysis of linear time-invariant systems in the z-domain, pole-zero stability.

UNIT II
Discrete Fourier Transform - Introduction, Discrete Fourier Series, properties of DFS,
Discrete Fourier Transform, Inverse DFT, properties of DFT, Linear and Circular
convolution, convolution using DFT.
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Fast Fourier Transform: Introduction, Fast Fourier Transform, Radix-2 Decimation in time
and Decimation in frequency FFT, Inverse FFT (Radix-2).

UNIT III
IIR Filters-Introduction to digital filters, Analog filter approximations – Butterworth and
Chebyshev, Design of IIR Digital filters from analog filters by Impulse invariant and bilinear
transformation methods, Frequency transformations, Basic structures of IIR Filters - Direct
form-I, Direct form-II, Cascade form and Parallel form realizations.

UNIT IV
FIR Filters-Introduction, Characteristics of FIR filters with linear phase, Frequency response
of linear phase FIR filters, Design of FIR filters using Fourier series and windowing methods
(Rectangular, Triangular, Raised Cosine, Hanging, Hamming, Blackman), Comparison of IIR
& FIR filters, Basic structures of FIR Filters – Direct form, Cascade form, Linear phase
realizations.

UNIT V
Architectures for Programmable DSP Devices: Architecture of TMS320C5X: Introduction,
Bus Structure, Central Arithmetic Logic Unit, Auxiliary Register ALU, Index Register, Block
Move Address Register, Parallel Logic Unit, Memory mapped registers, program controller,
some flags in the status registers, On- chip memory, On-chip peripherals.

Textbooks:
1. John G. Proakis, Dimitris G. Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing, Principles,
Algorithms, and Applications, Pearson Education, 2007.
2. A.V.Oppenheim and R.W. Schaffer, Discrete Time Signal Processing ,PHI.

References:
1. S.K.Mitra, Digital Signal Processing – A practical approach , 2nd Edition, Pearson
Education, New Delhi, 2004.
2. MH Hayes, Digital Signal Processing, Schaum’s Outline series, TATA Mc-Graw Hill,
2007.
3. Robert J. Schilling, Sandra L. Harris, Fundamentals of Digital Signal Processing
using Matlab, Thomson, 2007.
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