132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

INTERNSHIP REPORT

University Name: University of Engineering & technology, Taxila.

Name: Rimsha Tariq
Roll no: 16-EE-07
Semester: 6th
CGPA: 3.25
Letter ref no. : 9947-49/ISE(GSO)IESCO/ISD
Date of joining: July 10,2019.
Date of joining (P&I): July 25,2019.
Date of completion: August 08,2019

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

Name: Rimsha Tariq

Father Name: Dr Tariq Mahmood
School/College/university Marks/GPA

Matric Divisional public school and 1008/1100

college, Rawalpindi
Fsc (pre.engg) Punjab College for women 1021/1100 (2nd position in BISE
Rawalpindi RWP)

BS (electrical) UET Taxila 1st sem: 3.19

2nd sem: 3.20
3rd sem: 3.51
4th sem: 2.96
5th sem: 3.44

INTRODUCTION:
My name is Rimsha Tariq. I am currently doing BS electrical engineering from
UET Taxila. I want to get higher education and a well reputed job. I want to
achieve all my goals and targets and I really want to serve my country.

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................2
1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:.........................................................................................................................4
2 ABSTRACT:...........................................................................................................................................5
3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.........................................................................................................................6
4 GRID AND THE SUB STATION...............................................................................................................6
5 DEFINITION OF SUB-STATION..............................................................................................................6
6 ABOUT THE GRID STATION...................................................................................................................6
7 EQUIPMENT OF GRID STATION............................................................................................................7
8 HANDING OVER/ TAKING OVER SHIFT:..............................................................................................11
8.1 NIGHT SHIFT:..............................................................................................................................11
8.2 MORNING SHIFT:........................................................................................................................11
8.3 EVENING SHIFT:..........................................................................................................................11
9 NAME PLATES:...................................................................................................................................12
10 BATTERY SPECIFICATIONS:.............................................................................................................22
11 PERCENTAGE LOSSES:....................................................................................................................23
12 11KV EVENT MESSAGE:...................................................................................................................24
13 132KV MESSAGE BOOK (EVENT MESSAGE)....................................................................................24
14 PERMIT TO WORK...........................................................................................................................25
Blank........................................................................................................................................................25
15 PERMIT TO WORK (PTW) FILLED....................................................................................................26
16 FORM OF RECEIPTS........................................................................................................................27
17 CLEARANCE CERTIFICATE...............................................................................................................27
18 CANCELLATION...............................................................................................................................27
19 BATTERY SPECIFICATIONS:.............................................................................................................28
20 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE.............................................................................................................29
21 IEC STANDARDS:.............................................................................................................................32
22 REFRENCES:....................................................................................................................................43

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:
First of all I would like to thank Allah, who blessed me with the ability and wisdom to
complete this project. Especially thanks to IESCO who provided me an opportunity of
enhancing my professional experience and the members and especially workers, that they
have cooperated with me so well. My report will remain incomplete if I don’t mention the
sincere efforts
of those gentlemen who helped and guided me in completion of my internship and this
report. First of all I want to thank ALLAH Almighty; I also want to thank my worthy teachers
the main source of enlightenment of our minds and the development of natural potentials,
then I’m thankful to the staff who cooperated with me and I become able to do this work.

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

2 ABSTRACT:
The present day electrical power system is ac i.e electricity is generated, transmitted and
distributed in the form of alternating current. the electric power is at favorable places,
generally quit away from through a large network of transmission and distribution. At many
place in the line of the power system, it may be desirable and necessary to change some
characteristic (e.g. voltage, ac to dc, frequency, pf etc.) of electric supply. This is accomplished
by suitable apparatus called substation. For example, generation voltage (15.7KV, 11KV or
6.6KV) at the power station is stepped up to high voltage (say 400KV, 220KV or 132KV) for
transmission of electric power. The assembly of apparatus (e.g. transformer etc.) used for this
purpose is the substation. Similarly, near the consumers localities, the voltage may have to be
stepped down to utilization level. this job is again accomplished by a suitable apparatus called
substation. yet at some places in the line of the power system, it may be desirable to convert
large quantities of ac power to dc power e.g. for traction, electroplating, dc motor etc. this job
is again performed by suitable apparatus (e.g. ignitron) called substation.it clear that type of
equipment needed in a substation will depend upon the service requirement. Although there
can be several types of substations, we shall mainly confine our attention to only those
substations where the incoming and outgoing supplies are ac i.e. substations which change
the voltage level of the electrical supply.

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
An electrical grid station is an interconnection point between two transmission ring circuits, often
between two geographic regions. They might have a transformer, depending on the possibly different
voltages, so that the voltage levels can be adjusted as needed. Grid station regulates and controls the
power between interconnected transmission lines to increase the reliability of the power system. It
receive power from the power station at extremely high voltage and then convert these voltage to
some low levels and supplied electric power to the sub stations or to other grid stations at the same
voltage level according to the requirements. National grid system of Pakistan contains an
interconnected group of transmission lines in a ring system. It covers most of the power stations of the
country in this single ring and supplied electric power to the different areas of the country. Main
function of the grid station is switching between the connected line stations and the load centers. The
electric power is produce at the power station, which are located at favorable places, generally quite
away from the consumers. It is delivered to the consumer through a large network of transmission and
distribution. At many place in the line of power system, it may be desirable and necessary to change
some characteristic ( e.g. Voltage, ac to dc, frequency p.f. etc.) of electric supply. This is accomplished
by suitable apparatus called sub- station for example, generation voltage(11kv or 6.6kv) at the power
station is stepped up to high voltage (Say220kv to 132kv) for transmission of electric power. Similarly
near the consumer’s localities, the voltage may have to be stepped down to utilization level. This job is
again accomplished by suitable apparatus called sub-station.

4 GRID AND THE SUB STATION:

An electrical power substation is a conversion point between transmission level voltages (such as
138Kv) and distribution level voltages (such as 11Kv). A substation has one or more step-down
transformers and serves a regional area such as part of a city or neighborhood. Substations are
connected to each other by the transmission ring circuit system by equipements.

An electrical grid station is an interconnection point between two transmission ring circuits, often
between two geographic regions. They might have a transformer, depending on the possibly different
voltages, so that the voltage levels can be adjusted as needed.

The interconnected network of sub stations is called the grid, and may ultimately represent an entire
multi-state region. In this configuration, loss of a small section, such as loss of a power station, does
not impact the grid as a whole, nor does it impact the more localized neighborhoods, as the grid simply
shifts its power flow to compensate, giving the power station operator the opportunity to effect
repairs without having a blackout.

5 DEFINITION OF SUB-STATION :
“The assembly of apparatus used to change some characteristics (e.g Voltage level, freq, p.f. etc) of
electric supply is called sub-station”

6 ABOUT THE GRID STATION:

It consists of mainly two sources of busbars Rawal and Satellite town. The circuits are ISM1 and ISM2.
ISM1 coming from Rawal and ISM2 out at satellite town, connected in ring system and can interchange
supplies in case of emergency . At start there is a line bay which feed into the main bus bar and then
connects to transformer bay and a power transformer and current transformer and isolator before

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

incoming control panel. There is also a capacitor bank for power factor increase. While at the end we
have incoming and outgoing feeder for the distribution of power supply to the consumers. The
protection equipements are installed according to the requirement of grid station.

7 EQUIPMENT OF GRID STATION :

i. ISOLATORS:
A disconnector, isolator switch is used to ensure that an electrical circuit is completely de-
energized for service or maintenance. Such switches are often found in electrical
distribution and industrial applications, where machinery must have its source of driving power
removed for adjustment or repair. High-voltage isolation switches are used in electrical
substations to allow isolation of apparatus such as circuit breakers, transformers, and
transmission lines, for maintenance. The disconnector is usually not intended for normal control
of the circuit, but only for safety isolation. Disconnectors can be operated either manually or
automatically. Unlike load switches and circuit breakers, disconnectors lack a mechanism for
suppression of electric arcs, which occurs when conductors carrying high currents are
electrically interrupted. Thus, they are off-loaded devices, intended to be opened only after
current has been interrupted by some other control device.

ii. EARTH SWITCH:

Earth switch is used to ground or earth current flowing in lines. It is closed when any repair in
the parts of grid station is required. It can be used as part of disconnector or stand-alone. It is
capable of withstanding currents under abnormal conditions such as those of short circuit for a
specified time, but not required to carry current under normal conditions of the circuit.

iii. CURRENT TRANSFORMER:

It is a protective device used for safety purpose. It is connected in series. It is a setup transformer
used for measuring current of HV line. The number of turns in secondary is greater than the
primary side. It should not be open circuited. If it draws high current, it gets open circuited and
primary winding is damaged.

iv. POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER:

Voltage transformers (VT), also called potential transformers (PT), are a parallel connected type
of instrument transformer. They are designed to present negligible load to the supply being
measured and have an accurate voltage ratio and phase relationship to enable accurate secondary
connected metering. In PT the number of turns in primary windings are greater than secondary.
PT should not be short circuited otherwise it will be damaged.

v. BUSBAR:
Busbar is a metallic strip or bar, used for local high current power distribution. They are also
used to connect high voltage equipment at electrical switchyards, and low voltage equipment in
battery banks.

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

vi. LIGHTENING ARRESTORS:

A lightning arrester is a device used on electric power systems to protect the insulation and
conductors of the system from the damaging effects of lightning. The typical lightning
arrester has a high-voltage terminal and a ground terminal. When a lightning surge (or
switching surge) travels along the power line to the arrester, the current from the surge is
diverted through the arrester, in most cases to earth.

vii. TRANSFORMER:
A transformer is a static electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or
more circuits through electromagnetic induction. A varying current in one coil of the transformer
produces a varying magnetic field, which in turn induces a varying electromotive force (emf) or
"voltage" in a second coil. Power can be transferred between the two coils, without a metallic
connection between the two circuits. Faraday's law of induction discovered in 1831 described
this effect. Transformers are used to increase or decrease the alternating voltages in electric
power applications. The power transformer used in this grid station is 132kv to 11 kv stepdown
transformer.

PARTS OF TRANSFORMER:
 BUCHOLZ RELAY:
The Buchholz Relay is a protective device container housed over the connecting pipe from the
main tank to the conservator tank. It is used to sense the faults occurring inside the transformer.
It is a simple relay that is operated by the gases emitted during the decomposition of transformer
oil during internal faults. It helps in sensing and protecting the transformer from internal faults .
 SILICA GEL BREATHER:
The breather controls the moisture level in the transformer. Moisture can arise when temperature
variations cause expansion and contraction of the insulating oil, which then causes the pressure
to change inside the conservator. Pressure changes are balanced by a flow of atmospheric air in
and out of the conservator, which is how moisture can enter the system. If the insulating oil
encounters moisture, it can affect the paper insulation or may even lead to internal faults.
Therefore, it is
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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

necessary that the air entering the tank is moisture-free. The transformer's breather is a
cylindrical container that is filled with silica gel. When the atmospheric air passes through the
silica gel of the breather, the air's moisture is absorbed by the silica crystals. The breather acts
like an air filter for the transformer and controls the moisture level inside a transformer. It is
connected to the end of breather pipe.
 CONSERVATOR TANK:
The conservator conserves the transformer oil. It is an airtight, metallic, cylindrical drum that is
fitted above the transformer. The conservator tank is vented to the atmosphere at the top, and the
normal oil level is approximately in the middle of the conservator to allow the oil to expand and
contract as the temperature varies. The conservator is connected to the main tank inside the
transformer, which is completely filled with transformer oil through a pipeline.
 DOUBLE DIAPHRAGM EXPLOSION VENT:
The explosion vent is used to expel boiling oil in the transformer during heavy internal faults to
avoid the explosion of the transformer. During heavy faults, the oil rushes out of the vent. The
level of the explosion vent is normally maintained above the level of the conservatory tank.
 OIL LEVEL INDICATOR:
It is used to indicate the level of oil used in the transformer.

 WINDING TEMPERATURE INDICATOR:

It is used to indicate the temperature of transformer windings.

 RADIATORS:
Cooling tubes are used to cool the transformer oil. The transformer oil is circulated through the
cooling tubes. The circulation of the oil may either be natural or forced. In natural circulation,
when the temperature of the oil rises the hot oil naturally rises to the top and the cold oil sinks
downward. Thus, the oil naturally circulates through the tubes. In forced circulation, an external
pump is used to circulate the oil.
 TAP CHANGER:
The output voltage of transformers varies according to its input voltage and the load. During
loaded conditions, the voltage on the output terminal decreases, whereas during off-load
conditions the output voltage increases. To balance the voltage variations, tap changers are used.
Tap changers can be either on-load tap changers or off-load tap changers. In an on-load tap
changer, the tapping can be changed without isolating the transformer from the supply. In an off-
load tap changer, it is done after disconnecting the transformer. Automatic tap changers are also
available.

viii. CAPACITOR BANKS:

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

Capacitor banks are used to improve the power factor of the power system. They are connected
in parallel to the system. They are also used for voltage stability and reduction in system losses,
hence increasing the power transmission capability.

ix. FEEDER:
These are the conductors which are of large current carrying capacity. The feeders connect the
substation to the area where power is to be finally distributed to the consumers. No tapings are
taken from the feeders. The feeder current always remain constant. The voltage drop along the
feeder is compensated by compounding the generator.

x. RELAYS:
A relay is a low-powered device used to activate a high-powered device. Relays are used to
trigger circuit breakers and other switches in substations and transmission and distribution
systems when any fault occur.
 DIFFERENTIAL RELAY:
It is used to protect generators, transformers. If relay operate on one pulse all three circuit
breakers are opened.
 IMPEDANCE RELAY:
It is usually used for protection of lines from fault. It is also called as distance relay as it is
operated depending upon the impedance of line.

xi. CIRCUIT BREAKERS:

A circuit breaker is an automatically or manually operated electrical switch designed to protect
an electrical circuit from damage caused by excess current from an overload or short circuit. Its
basic function is to interrupt current flow after a fault is detected. A circuit breaker can be reset
(either manually or automatically) to resume normal operation. The circuit breakers used in this
grid station are:
 SF6 CIRCUIT BREAKER:
It is an equipment which can make or break circuit either manually or automatically under
normal condition or break a circuit under abnormal, short circuit, overload conditions or other
faults.
 VACUUM CIRCUIT BREAKER:
It is used for arc extinction. Its arc quenching is very fast (used in 3.3 to 33 KV).

xii. BATTERY ROOM:

A battery room is present in the grid station having a total of 55 DC lead acid batteries each of 2
volts. These batteries are used to provide the necessary voltage i.e. 110V DC, required to
operate the protection system of grid station (relays / circuit breakers etc.).

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

8 HANDING OVER/ TAKING OVER SHIFT:

8.1 NIGHT SHIFT:
 Charge taken from over previous shift.
 AC/DC supply and SF6 gas pressure checked and found OK.
 No hotspot found.
 No PTW remain in force.
 No message pending yet.
 All equipment checked and found OK.
 Complete charge handed over to next shift.

8.2 MORNING SHIFT:

 Charge taken from over previous shift.
 AC/DC supply and SF6 gas pressure checked and found OK.
 No hotspot found.
 No PTW remain in force.
 No message pending yet.
 All equipment checked and found OK.
 Complete charge handed over to next shift.

8.3 EVENING SHIFT:

 Charge taken from over previous shift.
 AC/DC supply and SF6 gas pressure checked and found OK.
 No hotspot found.
 No PTW remain in force.
 No message pending yet.
 All equipment checked and found OK.
 Complete charge handed over to next shift.

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

9 NAME PLATES:

 132KV POWER TRANSFORMER

Type TMAO 40/145 Type of cooling ONAN/ONAF

Standard
TOP P-46:2008,IEC
oil temperature rise in degree centigrade Rated high voltage 145 KV 50 ºC
60076
Winding temperature rise in degree centigrade Rated low voltage 11.5 KV55 ºC
Oil specifications H.V current IECA
87.5/113.7
Serial no. PEL HV 1160050 60296
L.V current 1004/1305 A
Quantity
Year ofofmanufacture
oil 1 2016 21300
Rated power 20/26
OilNumber
weight of
kg phases 3 19000
Power at 55ºC winding temp rise 31.5/40 MVA
Weight
Numberof case and fittings kg 2
of windings 16500
Power at 60ºC winding temp rise 33.5/42 MVA
Weight
Ratedoffrequency
core and coil kg 50 33500
Power at 65ºC winding temp rise 35/43.5 MVA
Total weight kg 72000
Transport weight kg 62000
Untanking weight kg 37000
Weight of heavy part kg 62000
Auxiliary Power of fans KW 3.0
Tap changer position 1 12 23
Short circuit impedance Ω 212.3 166 132.9

Impedance voltage at 31.5/40 MVA % 10.50/13.33 9.96/12 9.80/12.44

Copper losses at 75ºC, 100%V kW 90.52/145.96 91.37/147.34 107.34/173.09

Iron loss at 75ºC, 100%V kW 21.0346

Max. exciting current on 31.5 MVA 0.37

base

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

Type of on load tap changer VV III 250-D-145-12 23 1W of MR Germany

Tapping ranges 132 KV + 11x 0.909 %
_ 11x 0.909 %
Highest operating voltage for which tapings are 110 %
designed

CT 1& CT 3 CT 2
Function Thermal image For AVR
Terminals S1-S2 S1-S2
Ratio 300 / 2A 300 / 5A
Burden 10 VA 10 VA

ACC. Class Class 3 Class 3

No. of CTs / cores 2/2 1/1

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

Impulse test voltage, H.V. winding KV peak 650

Impulse test voltage, L.V. winding KV peak 110

Separate source power frequency test voltage, H.V. winding KV rms 275

Separate source power frequency test voltage, L.V. winding KV rms 38

Duration of short circuit sec 3

H.V winding uniformly insulated Yes

Tank & conservator designed for full vacuum filling Yes

Figure 1TRANSFORMER

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

TAP CHANGING SPECIFICATIONS

Tap Tap Reversing Switch HV Side LV Side Permissible

position selector position Max. load
Voltage Current Voltage Current
position (MVA)
(kV) (A) (kV) (A)
1 1 145.2 159.05
2 2 144.0 160.38
3 3 142.8 161.72
4 4 141.6 163.09
5 5 140.4 164.49
6 6 139.2 165.91
7 7 + 138.0 167.35
8 8 + 136.8 168.82
9 9 135.6 170.31
10 10 134.4 171.83
11 11 133.2 173.38
12 K 132.0 174.95
13 1 130.8 176.56 11.5 2008.2 40.0
14 2 129.6 178.19
15 3 128.4 179.85
16 4 127.2 181.56
17 5 126.0 183.29
18 6 124.8 185.05
19 7 123.6 186.84
20 8 122.4 188.68
21 9 121.2 190.54
22 10 120.0 192.45

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

23 11 115.8 194.39

 132KV CIRCUIT BREAKER:

Rated voltage 145KV

Rated Lightening Impulse withstand voltage 650KV
Rated frequency 50Hz
Rated normal current 2000A
Rated duration of short circuit 3s
Rated short circuit breaking current 40KA
First-pole-to-clear factor 1.5
Rated line charging breaking current 50A
Rated operating sequence 0-0.3s-Co-180s-Co
Rated SF6 gas pressure(at 20ºC,1013 hpa) 0.64 M Pa
Contact resistance 48µΩ
Standard No IESCO62271-100:2001
Rated supply voltage of opening & closing devices 110V DC
Rated supply voltage of auxiliary circuit 110V DC
Rated supply voltage of motor 110V DC
Temperature class -30ºC----+50ºC
Mass of SF6 gas 10kg

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

NAME PLATE OF OUTGOING CONTROL PANEL

PEL
Pak Elektron Limited Lahore Pakistan
Type WPV-25-0
Standard IESCO 298 WAPDA P-
44:96
Frequency 50 Hz
Rated voltage 12KV
System voltage 11 KV
Insulation level 36/95 KV
Current rating of breaker 630 A/25KA (1-sec)

Current rating of main busbar 2500 A

Breaking capacity 25KA
C.T ratio (Protection & Metering) 400/5, 200/5 A
C.T ratio (Differential) ----
Voltage transformer ratio ----
C.B trip coil rating 110V DC
C.B close coil rating 110V DC
Wiring Diag D 395 5273
Weight C.B 260, Total 860
Contract No ADB-IECSCO/PMU-
01/2009
Serial No 6900/33
Op. Instruct. Book
Dated 16/12/2009

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

Figure 2 OUTGOING CIRCUIT

DIAGRAM

 NAME PLATE OF AUXILIARY TRANSFORMER:

3 phase transformer TSUN 5341

Standard of Transformer DDS-71.2004

Rated Power 200 KVA

Rated Frequency 50 Hz

Type of Cooling ONAN

Total weight 1050 Kg

Liftable weight 490 Kg

Oil weight 231 Kg

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

 NAME PLATE OF INCOMING CONTROL PANEL

PEL
Pak Elektron Limited Lahore Pakistan
Type WPV-25-1
Standard IEC298 WAPDA P-44:96
Frequency 50 Hz
Rated voltage 12KV
System voltage 11 KV
Insulation level 36/95 KV
Current rating of breaker 2500A/25KA (1-sec)

Current rating of main busbar 2500 A

Breaking capacity 25KA
C.T ratio (Protection & Metering) 2400-1200/5/5 A
C.T ratio (Differential) 2400-1200/5 A
Voltage transformer ratio 11000/√3:110/√3
C.B trip coil rating 1A AC, shunt 110V DC
C.B close coil rating 110V DC
Wiring Diag D 395 5274
Weight C.B 390, Total 1400
Contract No ADB-IECSCO/PMU-
01/2009
Serial No 6899/10
Op. Instruct. Book
Dated 16/12/2009

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

Figure 3 INCOMING CIRCUIT

DIAGRAM

Figure 4 BUS COUPLER CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

 BUS COUPLER:
Johnson and Phillips

Type WPV-25-C
Standard IEC 298 WAPDA P-
44:96
Frequency 50 Hz
Rated voltage 12KV
System voltage 11 KV
Insulation level 36/95 KV
Current rating of breaker 2500A/25KA (1-sec)

Current rating of main busbar 2500A

Breaking capacity 25KA
C.T ratio (Protection & Metering) ----
C.T ratio (Differential) ----
Voltage transformer ratio ----
C.B trip coil rating Shunt 110V DC
C.B close coil rating 110V DC
Wiring Diag D 395 5273
Weight

Contract No ADB-IECSCO/PMU-
01/2009
Serial No 6902/01
Op. Instruct. Book

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

Dated 16/12/2009

10 BATTERY SPECIFICATIONS:

Exide Pakistan LTD.

A-45, Hill street
P.Obox:3680
Cell type Flat plate lead acid

No of cells 55

Cell designation 1 x MP-19

Capacity AH/10H Rate to 1.85 VPC at 25ºC 150

Specific gravity 25ºC

Top of charge 1.205-1.215

End of discharge 1.100-1.130

Float voltage at 25ºC 2.15-2.23

Boost voltage at 25ºC 2.24-2.70

Finishing current 10A

Date of Manufacture April 2010

Order No & Date WB-IESCO/NCB-O/PMV-12

Dated 3/3/2010

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

11 PERCENTAGE LOSSES:
Sr. no Unit received Unit sent out Difference %age losses

1 307470 308217 -747 -0.24

2 285860 286200 -340 -0.12

3 304310 304924 -610 -0.20

4 273910 274607 -697 -0.25

5 278090 276446 1644 0.59

6 310300 311875 -1575 -0.50

7 245550 245232 318 0.12

8 274750 275462 -712 -0.25

9 274750 275280 -530 -0.19

10 309240 309870 -639 -0.20

11 277900 278476 -576 -0.20

12 257900 258391 -491 -0.19

13 296000 296573 -573 -0.19

14 231700 232119 -419 -0.18

15 304166 304790 -690 -0.22

16 324400 325732 -1352 -0.4

17 338700 338610 90 0.02

18 274400 274938 -538 -0.19

19 243700 244308 -608 -0.24

20 299550 300104 -554 -0.184

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

12 11KV EVENT MESSAGE:

11KV 0/4 F-7 feeder tripped showing indication V, load 150A. After 5min due to closed VCB
but did not held. P/Fault on the line. Feeder code 022306 informed Mr. SDO F-6 ISD.
Signature
From SDO F-6 to SSO I/C 132KV GSS Zero point. The 11KV O/G F-7 feeder has been
sectionalized. Kindly resolve the VCB of 11KV O/G F-7 feeder.
Signature

13 132KV MESSAGE BOOK (EVENT MESSAGE)

19-04-19

From:-RE I-8 ISD

TO :- XEN SS&TL Division

Subject:- Annual Maintenance shutdown on 132KV ISM-3 C-B

It is stated that today on date 19-05-19 at 09-20 Hrs. a PTW no 99 issued to Mr. Rooh-Ul-Amin
line FM for maintenance at T/Line and tree trimming and broken disc replace on “Y-phase” at
L.No.16. Jumpers tighten at L.No.16 at “RYB” phase jumpers tighten at terminal towers other
PTW no.96 issued to Mr. Baksh Shah AFM maintenance S/Division ISD on 132KV C.B ISD-3 for
cleaning the HT Bushes. C.T and all moving parts were lubricated with oil and grease. All the
nut bolts of the jumpers checked and retightened.

PTW.96 issued at 09:25 to 11:15 Hrs. All operation carried out by the instruction of RCC Mr.
Bilal S/Engineer ISD

The PTW no.99 cancelled at 14:20 Hrs. and system normalized at 14:30 Hrs.

C.C
SE GSO ISD
XEN SS&TL ISD

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

14 PERMIT TO WORK
Blank:
PEPCO PTW no. 116 issued on 11KV O/G feeder I-8/2 for the removal of P/fault sub division I-
9 issued to .

It is safe to work on the following apparatus which is dead, Isolated form all live conductors,
and is earthed. All other parts dangerous.

Here state exactly

the apparatus on which

it is safe to work.

Here state exactly at

which point or points

the apparatus is connected

to earth.

Time Dated Sig

Shift Engineer.

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

15 PERMIT TO WORK (PTW) FILLED:

PEPCO PTW no. 116 issued on 11KV O/G feeder I-8/2 for the removal of P/fault sub division I-
9 issued to Saleem shahid .

It is safe to work on the following apparatus which is dead, Isolated form all live conductors,
and is earthed. All other parts dangerous.

Here state exactly ff and trolley racked

the apparatus on which outrest work position

it is safe to work.

Here state exactly at side before start the job

which point or points on connected to earth

the apparatus is connected the line

to earth.

Time Dated Sig

Shift Engineer.

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

16 FORM OF
RECEIPTS Note:
This form after signed for the work proposed must be retained by the authorized person in
the charge of the work until the work is suspended or completed.

Signed by designation being the authorized person in charge of the

work for which the apparatus mentioned person has been made dead and to whom all the
keys of the locked in earthing switches and locked out isolating switches and circuit breakers
controlling the circuit have been duly handed over.

17 CLEARANCE CERTIFICATE
NOTE: The apparatus mentioned hereon must not be again made live until this form has been
signed and returned by the authorized person in charge of the work. In the cases where more
than one gang of men are working on the same apparatus the authorized persons in the charge
of the work.
I hereby declare that all men under my charge have been withdraw and warned that it
is mo longer safe to work on the apparatus specified on this form and that gear tools,
temporary earth and other connections are all clear leaving that portions of the apparatus
upon which may men have been working ready for putting in to commission.
Signed by designation
Authorized person. In charge of the work. All switchgear keys returned.
Time: Date:

18 CANCELLATION

I hereby declare this form cancelled. All switchgear keys received back.

Signed by

Shift Engineer T.P.S

Time Date
This form duly completed, must be forwarded for record at once to the Engineer according to whose
instruction the apparatus was made dead and earthed.

2
 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

19 BATTERY SPECIFICATIONS:

Exide Pakistan
LTD.
Cell type A-45, Hill street Flat plate lead acid

No of cells 55

Cell designation 1 x MP-19

Capacity AH/10H Rate to 1.85 VPC at 25ºC 150

Specific gravity 25ºC

Top of charge 1.205-1.215

End of discharge 1.100-1.130

Float voltage at 25ºC 2.15-2.23

Boost voltage at 25ºC 2.24-2.70

Finishing current 10A

Date of Manufacture April 2010

Order No & Date WB-IESCO/NCB-O/PMV-12

Dated 3/3/2010

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

20 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE

Equipment Daily/ Half year annually Five Ten Non- Standards

weekly years years scheduled
EARTHING Grounding Earth Shield As & when No damage be left
SYSTEM Connection resistance wire abnormally unattended
Records & Grounding observed be
Visual readings problems attended Earth resistance be
inspection immediately < 2 ohms better
results are in 0.2-
0.5 ohms

Mesh buried joints

11 KV Visual Operating Major Major Oil be Local & remote

BREAKERS inspection mechanism overhaulin overhaul replaced after operations be OK
SF6 adjusts g of SF6 -ing of 10 heavy
pressure gas SF6 gas faults tripping Timing be as
check Oil DES breakers & manufacturer
Test vacuum Contact specifications
Oil level circuit inspection along with contact
check Operating breakers after 10 heavy resistance
test faults
Ground No dust be allowed
Connection Timing test in operating
check mechanism
Contact
inspection
POWER Visual Cooling Oil DES Overhauli Overhau Tightening of Oil level be correct
TRANSFORMERS inspection system test ng of ling of earth as per oil level
check power power connections indication
Oil level OL-TC test transform transfor when required
check OL-TC operation ers mers Cooling system &
counter IR/TTRC& temp gauges be
Temp. check reading D-F test OK Silica gel be
check healthy
Silica Gel
color Chemical
specifications be as
Oil leakage per WAPDA
check specifications

Lightening
arrestor
readings

2
 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

CIRCUIT Oil level Earth Operating Overhauli Major After 10 Rated pressure at
BREAKERS check connection mechanism ng of over heavy halt 200oC
SF6 tightness adjustment vacuum hauling trips oil, be
pressure Oil DES breakers of SF6 checked Oil level be as per
check test & SF6 gas & oil indicator
breakers vacuum Oil DES test
Visual Operation circuit Ground
inspection test breakers connections be
intact
Ground Contact
check resistance No damage in
test operating
mechanism
Timing test
Operating
mechanism
adjustment contact
resistance closing
& tripping timing
be as per
manufacturer
specification

DES>50kV for
2.5mm gap

RECTIFIER AND Ventilation Cleaning of High & Replacem Replace Applying In capacity test
BATTERY check rectifier low ent of ment of anti-corrosive voltage should be
voltage test battery battery Vaseline to all greater than 1.8 V
terminals

Cell Float & Meter Cleaning of Exhaust fan be

appearance boost charge calibration battery room healthy
check

Electrolyte Ripple Wiring No leakage from

level check current cell
check

Specific Indication Exhaust Level of electrolyte

gravity of check cleaning & be near to max
pilot cell overhaulin
g
All connections
Volt per cell kept tight
check

3
 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

PROTECTION Visual 11 KV Check of Check of Checking should

SYSTEMS inspection Feeder all the line indiscriminate carry out by P&I
for flange & protection protection tripping. staff
indications on check power
transformer All relays should
& other. Failure of any be calibrated .
Contact protective
Inspection equipment be
Check of checked Calibration should
all relays be done by T.S.G
to see the
Setting of characterist
relays ics

C.T AND P.T Oil level Dust Insulation Oil leakage No damage be left
check removal & resistance attending unattempted
Visual cleaning test
inspection
Ground Busbar Attending Oil level must be
connection connection accidental as per oil indicator
check damages

For tightening the

busbar connection
thermovision
survey be
conducted
TRAINING On job Refresher One-week Training to Training be in
training of courses for training be SSOs & AEs objective type &
staff by RE- staff imparted be planned at given in
staff by SE on different grid understandable
quarterly stations language
basis

Different
equipment &
working be shown
to whole working
staff
LIGHTNING Visual Earth Busbar No damage should
ARRESTORS inspection resistance connection be prevailed
measuring & check
Counter dust removal
readings Thermovision
survey must be
Ground conduct for busbar
connections

No dust is allowed
on the porcelain of
LA to avoid
damage

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

ISOLATOR Visual Remote Cleaning of Dust removal Alignment be

inspection operation male & checked to avoid
check female pitting on blades
blades
Greasing
Alignment Light mechanism
greasing ensuring smooth
operation
Mechanism
oiling
Operating
mechanism
check

21 IEC STANDARDS:
Device number 1—master element
A device, such as a control switch, etc., that serves, either directly or through such
permissive devices as protective and time-delay relays, to place equipment in or out of
operation.
Device number 2—time-delay starting or closing relay
A device that functions to give a desired amount of time delay before or after
any point of operation in a switching sequence or protective relay system, except as specifically
provided by device functions 4 8, 62, 79, and 82.
Device number 3—checking or interlocking relay
A device that operates in response to the position of one or more other devices
or predetermined conditions in a piece of equipment or circuit, to allow an operating
sequence to proceed, or to stop, or to provide a check of the position of these devices or
conditions for any purpose.
Device number 4—master contactor
A device, generally controlled by device function l or the equivalent and the
required permissive and protective devices, that serves to make and break the necessary
control circuits to place equipment into operation under the desired conditions and to take it
out of operation under abnormal conditions.
Device number 5—stopping device
A control device used primarily to shut down equipment and hold it out of
operation. [This device may be manually or electrically actuated, but it excludes the function
of electrical lockout (see device function 86) on abnormal conditions.]
Device number 6—starting circuit breaker

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 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

A device whose principal function is to connect a machine to its source of starting

voltage.
Device number 7—rate-of-change relay
A device that operates when the rate-of-change of the measured quantity
exceeds a threshold value, except as defined by device 63.
Device number 8—control power disconnecting device
A device, such as a knife switch, circuit breaker, or pull-out fuse block, used for connecting
and disconnecting the source of control power to and from the control bus or equipment.
Device number 9—reversing device
A device that is used for reversing the field of a machine or for performing any
other reversing function.
Device number 10—unit sequence switch
A device that is used to change the sequence in which units may be placed in and out
of service in multiple unit equipment.
Device number 11—multifunction device
A device that performs three or more comparatively important functions that could
only be designated by combining several device function numbers. All of the functions
performed by device 11 shall be defined in the drawing legend, device function definition list,
or relay-setting record. See Annex A for further discussion and examples.
Device number 12—overspeed device
A device usually direct-connected, that operates on machine overspeed.
Device number 13—synchronous-speed device
A device such as a centrifugal-speed switch, a slip-frequency relay, a voltage relay,
an undercurrent relay, or any other type of device that operates at approximately the
synchronous speed of a machine.
Device number 14—under speed device
A device that functions when the speed of a machine falls below a predetermined
value.
Device number 15—speed or frequency matching device
A device that functions to match and hold the speed or frequency of a machine or a
system equal to, or approximately equal to, that of another machine, source, or system.

3
 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

Device number 16—data communications device

A device that supports the serial and / or network communications that are a part of
the substation control and protection system. This clause establishes the assignment of IEEE
C37.2™ device number 16 for a data communications device handling protective relaying or
other substation communication traffic. The following suffix list identifies specific functions of a
component identified as device 16. The first suffix letter shall be either S (serial devices for RS-
232, 422, or 485 communications) or E (for Ethernet components). The second and subsequent
suffix letters shall be one or more of the following letters to further define the device:

C Security processing function [Virtual Private Network (VPN), encryption, etc.]

F Firewall or message filter function
M Network managed function [e.g., configured via Simple Network Management Protocol
(SNMP)]
R Router
S Switch (Examples: Port switch on a dial up connection is 16SS, and an Ethernet switch is
16ES)
T Telephone component (Example: auto-answer modem). A device 16 may be a
single function or a multifunction device.
Device number 17—shunting or discharge switch
A device that serves to open or close a shunting circuit around any piece of apparatus
(except a resistor), such as a machine field, a machine armature, a capacitor, or a reactor.
Device number 18—accelerating or decelerating device
A device that is used to close or cause the closing of circuits that are used to increase or
decrease the speed of a machine.
Device number 19—starting-to-running transition contactor
A device that operates to initiate or cause the automatic transfer of a machine from the
starting to the running power connection.
Device number 20—electrically operated valve
An electrically-operated or -controlled device used in a fluid, air, gas, or vacuum line.
Device number 21—distance relay
A device that functions when the circuit admittance, impedance, or reactance increases or
decreases beyond a predetermined value.
Device number 22—equalizer circuit breaker

3
 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

A device that serves to control or make and break the equalizer or the current balancing
connections for a machine field, or for regulating equipment, in a multi-unit installation.
Device number 23—temperature control device
A device that functions to control the temperature of a machine or other apparatus, or of
any medium, when its temperature falls below or rises above a predetermined value.
Device number 24—volts per Hertz relay
A device that operates when the ratio of voltage to frequency is above a preset value or is
below a different preset value. The relay may have any combination of instantaneous or time-
delayed characteristics.
Device number 25—synchronizing or synchronism-check relay
A synchronizing device that produces an output that causes closure of a circuit breaker
between two circuits whose voltages are within prescribed limits of magnitude, phase angle,
and frequency. It may or may not include voltage or speed control. A synchronism-check relay
permits the paralleling of two circuits that are within prescribed (usually wider) limits of
voltage magnitude, phase angle, and frequency.
Device number 26—apparatus thermal device
A device that functions when the temperature of the protected apparatus (other
than the load-carrying windings of machines and transformers as covered by device function
number 49), or that of a liquid or other medium, exceeds a predetermined value; or when the
temperature of the protected apparatus or that of a liquid or other medium, exceeds a
predetermined value or decreases below a predetermined value.
Device number 27—undervoltage relay
A device that operates when its input voltage is less than a predetermined value.
Device number 28—flame detector
A device that monitors the presence of the pilot or main flame in such apparatus
as a gas turbine or a steam boiler.
Device number 29—isolating contactor or switch
A device that is used expressly for disconnecting one circuit from another for
the purposes of emergency operation, maintenance, or testing.
Device number 30—annunciator relay
A nonautomatically reset device that gives a number of separate visual
indications upon the functioning of protective devices and that may also be arranged to
perform a lockout function.

3
 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

Device number 31—separate excitation device

A device that connects a circuit, such as the shunt field of a synchronous
converter, to a source of separate excitation during the starting sequence.
Device number 32—directional power relay
A device that operates on a predetermined value of power flow in a
given direction, such as reverse power flow resulting from the motoring of a generator upon
loss of its prime mover.
Device number 33—position switch
A device that makes or breaks contact when the main device or piece of
apparatus that has no device function number reaches a given position.
Device number 34—master sequence device
A device such as a motor-operated multi-contact switch (or the equivalent), or a
programmable device, that establishes or determines the operating sequence of the major
devices in equipment during starting and stopping, or during sequential switching operations.
Device number 35—brush-operating or slip-ring short-circuiting device
A device for raising, lowering, or shifting the brushes of a machine; short-
circuiting its slip rings; or engaging or disengaging the contacts of a mechanical rectifier.
Device number 36—polarity or polarizing voltage device
A device that operates, or permits the operation of, another device on a
predetermined polarity only, or that verifies the presence of a polarizing voltage in equipment.
Device number 37—undercurrent or underpower relay
A device that functions when the current or power flow decreases below a
predetermined value.
Device number 38—bearing protective device
A device that activates upon excessive bearing temperature or on other
abnormal mechanical conditions associated with bearings, such as undue wear, which may
eventually result in excessive bearing temperature or failure.
Device number 39—mechanical condition monitor
A device that activates upon the occurrence of an abnormal mechanical
condition (except conditions associated with bearings as covered under device function 38),
such as excessive vibration, eccentricity, expansion, shock, tilting, or seal failure.

3
 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

Device number 40—field (over / under excitation) relay

A device that activates upon a given or abnormally high or low value or failure
of machine field current, or on an excessive value of the reactive component of armature
current in an ac machine indicating abnormally high or low field excitation.
Device number 41—field circuit breaker
A device that functions to apply or remove the field excitation of a machine.
Device number 42—running circuit breaker
A device whose function is to connect a machine to its source of running or
operating voltage. This function may also be used for a device, such as a contactor, that is used
in series with a circuit breaker or other fault-protecting means, primarily for frequent opening
and closing of the circuit.

Device number 43—manual transfer or selector device

A manually operated device that transfers control or potential circuits in order
to modify the plan of operation of the associated equipment or of some of the associated
devices.
Device number 44—unit sequence starting relay
A device that functions to start the next available unit in multiple-unit
equipment upon the failure or non-availability of the normally preceding unit.
Device number 45—abnormal atmospheric condition monitor
A device that functions upon the occurrence of an abnormal atmospheric
condition, such as damaging fumes, explosive mixtures, smoke, or fire.
Device number 46—reverse-phase or phase-balance current relay
A device in a polyphase circuit that operates when the polyphase currents are
of reverse-phase sequence, or when the polyphase currents are unbalanced, or when the
negative phase-sequence current exceeds a preset value.
Device number 47—phase-sequence or phase-balance voltage relay
A device in a polyphase circuit that functions upon a predetermined value of
polyphase voltage in the desired phase sequence when the polyphase voltages are
unbalanced, or when the negative phase-sequence voltage exceeds a preset value.
Device number 48—incomplete sequence relay

3
 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

A device that returns the equipment to the normal or off position and locks it
out if the normal starting, operating, or stopping sequence is not properly completed within a
predetermined time.
Device number 49—machine or transformer thermal relay
A device that functions when the temperature of a machine armature winding or other load-
carrying winding or element of a machine or power transformer exceeds a predetermined
value.
Device number 50—instantaneous overcurrent relay
A device that operates with no intentional time delay when the current
exceeds a preset value. The suffix TD should be used (e.g., 50TD) to describe a definite time
overcurrent function. Use 50BF for a current monitored breaker failure function.
Device number 51—ac inverse time overcurrent relay
A device that functions when the ac input current exceeds a predetermined
value, and in which the input current and operating time are inversely related through a
substantial portion of the performance range.
Device number 52—ac circuit breaker
A device that is used to close and interrupt an ac power circuit under normal
conditions or to interrupt this circuit under fault or emergency conditions.
Device number 53—field excitation relay
A device that forces the dc machine field excitation to build up during starting or
that functions when the machine voltage has built up to a given value.
Device number 54—turning gear engaging device
A device either electrically operated, controlled, or monitored that functions to
cause the turning gear to engage (or disengage) the machine shaft.
Device number 55—power factor relay
A device that operates when the power factor in an ac circuit rises above or falls
below a predetermined value.
Device number 56—field application relay
A device that automatically controls the application of the field excitation to a
synchronous ac motor at some predetermined point in the slip cycle.
Device number 57—short-circuiting or grounding device

3
 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

A device that functions to short-circuit or ground a circuit in response to

automatic or manual means.
Device number 58—rectification failure relay
A device that functions if a power rectifier (diode) fails to conduct or block properly.
Device number 59—overvoltage relay
A device that operates when its input voltage exceeds a predetermined value.
Device number 60—voltage or current balance relay
A device that operates on a given difference in voltage, or current input or output,
of two circuits.
Device number 61—density switch or sensor
A device that operates at a given density value or at a given rate of change of density.
Device number 62—time-delay stopping or opening relay
A device that imposes a time delay in conjunction with the device that
initiates the shutdown, stopping, or opening operation in an automatic sequence. Example:
62BF = breaker failure function (with no current monitoring).
Device number 63—pressure switch
A device that operates at a given pressure value or at a given rate of change of
pressure.
Device number 64—ground detector relay
A device that operates upon the insulation failure of a machine or other
apparatus to ground.
Device number 65—governor
A device consisting of an assembly of fluid, electrical, or mechanical control
equipment used for regulating the flow of water, steam, or other media to the prime mover for
such purposes as starting, holding speed or load, or stopping.

Device number 66—notching or jogging device

A device that functions to allow only a specified number of operations of a given
device or piece of equipment, or a specified number of successive operations within a given
time of each other. It is also a device that functions to energize a circuit periodically or for
fractions of specified time intervals, or that is used to permit intermittent acceleration or
jogging of a machine at low speeds for mechanical positioning.

3
 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

Device number 67—ac directional overcurrent relay

A device that functions at a desired value of ac overcurrent flowing in a
predetermined direction.
Device number 68—blocking or “out-of-step” relay
A device that initiates a pilot signal for blocking of tripping on external
faults in a transmission line or in other apparatus under predetermined conditions, or
cooperates with other devices to block tripping or reclosing on an out-of-step condition or on
power swings.
Device number 69—permissive control device
A device with two positions that, in one position permits the closing of a
circuit breaker, or the placing of a piece of equipment into operation, and in the other position,
prevents the circuit breaker or the equipment from being operated.
Device number 70—rheostat
A device used to vary the resistance in an electric circuit when the device is
electrically operated or has other electrical accessories, such as auxiliary, position, or limit
switches.
Device number 71—liquid level switch
A device that operates at a given level value, or on a given rate of change of
level of a liquid.
Device number 72—dc circuit breaker
A device that is used to close and interrupt a dc power circuit under normal
conditions or to interrupt this circuit under fault or emergency conditions.
Device number 73—load-resistor contactor
A device that is used to shunt or insert a step of load limiting, shifting, or
indicating resistance in a power circuit; to switch a space heater in circuit; or to switch a light
or regenerative load resistor of a power rectifier or other machine in and out of circuit.
Device number 74—alarm relay
A device other than an annunciator, as covered under device function 30, that
is used to operate, or that operates in connection with, a visual or audible alarm.
Device number 75—position changing mechanism
A device that is used for moving a main device from one position to
another in equipment; for example, shifting a removable circuit breaker unit to and from the
connected, disconnected, and test positions.
4
 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

Device number 76—dc overcurrent relay

A device that functions when the current in a dc circuit exceeds a given value.
Device number 77—telemetering device
A transmitting device used to generate and transmit to a remote location an
electrical signal representing a measured quantity; or a receiver used to receive the electrical
signal from a remote transmitter and convert the signal to represent the original measured
quantity.
Device number 78—phase-angle measuring relay
A device that functions at a predetermined phase angle between two voltages,
between two currents, or between a voltage and a current.
Device number 79—ac reclosing relay
A device that controls the automatic reclosing and locking out of an ac circuit
breaker.
Device number 80—flow switch
A device that operates at a given flow value, or at a given rate of change of flow.
Device number 81—frequency relay
A device that responds to the frequency of an electrical quantity, operating when
the frequency or rate of change of frequency exceeds or is less than a predetermined value.

Device number 82—dc load-measuring reclosing relay

A device that controls the automatic closing and reclosing of a dc circuit
interrupter, generally in response to load circuit conditions.
Device number 83—automatic selective control or transfer relay
A device that operates to select automatically between certain sources or
conditions in equipment or that performs a transfer operation automatically.
Device number 84—operating mechanism
A device consisting of the complete electrical mechanism or servomechanism,
including the operating motor, solenoids, position switches, etc., for a tap changer, induction
regulator, or any similar piece of apparatus that otherwise has no device function number.
Device number 85—pilot communications, carrier or pilot-wire relay

4
 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

A device that is operated, restrained, or has its function modified by

communications transmitted or received via any media used for relaying.
Device number 86—lockout relay
A device that trips and maintains the associated equipment or devices as
inoperative until it is reset by an operator, either locally or remotely.
Device number 87—differential protective relay
A device that operates on a percentage, phase angle, or other quantitative
difference of two or more currents or other electrical quantities.
Device number 88—auxiliary motor or motor generator
A device used for operating auxiliary equipment, such as pumps, blowers,
exciters, rotating magnetic amplifiers, etc.
Device number 89—line switch
A device used as a disconnecting, load-interrupter, circuit switcher, or isolating
switch in an ac or dc power circuit. (This device function number is normally not necessary
unless the switch is electrically operated or has electrical accessories, such as an auxiliary
switch, a magnetic lock, etc.)
Device number 90—regulating device
A device that functions to regulate a quantity or quantities, such as voltage, current, power,
speed, frequency, temperature, and load, at a certain value or between certain (generally
close) limits for machines, tie lines, or other apparatus.
Device number 91—voltage directional relay
A device that operates when the voltage across an open circuit breaker or contactor
exceeds a given value in each direction.
Device number 92—voltage and power directional relay
A device that permits or causes the connection of two circuits when the voltage
difference between them exceeds a given value in a predetermined direction and causes these
two circuits to be disconnected from each other when the power flowing between them
exceeds a given value in the opposite direction.
Device number 93—field-changing contactor
A device that functions to increase or decrease, in one step, the value of field
excitation on a machine.
Device number 94—tripping or trip-free relay

4
 132KV GSS I-8 ISLAMABAD

A self-resetting device that functions to trip a circuit breaker, contactor, or piece of

equipment; to permit immediate tripping by other devices; or to prevent immediate reclosing
of a circuit interrupter if it should open automatically, even though its closing circuit is
activated or energized.
Device numbers 95–99—used only for specific applications
These device numbers are used in individual specific installations if none of the
functions assigned to the numbers from 1 through 94 in 3.1 or the acronyms in 3.2 are suitable.

22 REFRENCES:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission