Rate of Reaction conc

.^
[ P]
Molecularity :

Rate a) Can be an
integer 11,20031 but it cannot be
negative or Fractional
Change in conc or
pressure zero 00
-_ .
.

b) Elementary
Time taken
[R]
reaction ,
molecularity is
equal to its order .

'
c) complex
>
reaction
molecularity of each
-1
of mechanism is defined
step
"
separately
'
Unit -_
molt time ooatm time × time .

d) Maximum value of order is }

Note -_
Rate of Reaction can never be -

ve Reactant → product molecularity or .

rate of Reaction 20000018 reactions In -01 Half life

Average
:
a

tYz
Rate Law
Rate AC AC At=Ao kt
Integrated
-

Rate
-

tyzx Ad
= =

Zeoooodeo
tyz=Az÷
: -

< >
At At Rate =k Icao a

( Reactant ) / product )
.

tyz=,n÷ tyz✗A°
^

Ao =
Initial cone .
At m= -

K First order :

tyz
Instantaneous Rate Of Reaction
At =
conc .
left aftertime 't '

a > " < "

t second order :
tyzx A A
Rate =
DER ] Rate =
DIP ] " "

Rate constant
-

K =

( Reactant ) dt ( Product ) dt :
nthoodeooeactiontyzxn.tn
Half life 11-112001-50%1 completion time ( two ;)
Nz + 3142 →
2MHz
At
-_A÷ At 0 After half life =Ao_
= → n

Rate =
-

dENz] =
-

d[ Hit = + DINH } ] 2h

dt 3dt zdt tY2=A0_ +1001 .

-_
At first order reaction / na )
2K K
"
At=A0é
"

Differential Rate Law collision

theory :
At
14=1 In AI
Rate of
disappearance = -

davit =
-

d[Hal a) Fooaieactiontooccuo there must be collisions in between t At

' "

( Reactant ) dt dt
reacting molecules .

1<=2-3+03 log A- " t

DINH,] Total number of collisions At

Rate of
appearance
+ b)
per second in unit volume is
=

Half life :

( Product ) dt called collision

frequency .

Rate law .
-

For effective collision :

c) Small fraction of collisions are
capable to convert
tyz=
1,21=0.692 K
Independent of Ao .

molecules
an + ppg →
product
a)
Reacting reactants into products called effective collisions .

pseudo first order reactions :

must a
posses
Rate ✗ [A ] -113 ] Energy condition : AH =

Ep Er
-

Elementary bimolecular reactions in which

minimum amount
one of the reactant is in excess These
-4378
"
Rate KEA ]
.

of AH reactions to be of 2nd order but

energy .

appear
K= Rate constant 00
Follow 1st order kinetics
orientation
b) proper 1H=Ive AHI -

ve
'
.

specific reaction date Rate -_ KIA ] →

Order =L
of collision
Endothermic Exothermic
.

Order Of Reaction catalyst substance which can

absorbed released
Energy Energy .

alter oateofixn without

order of reaction wot A
✗
Ep > ER Ep< ER
=

Odder of reaction wit B > Activated complex Activated complex having any change in
composition
y= ^
>

^
Half ^lEa)b
^^ " " f ^
>
with inhibitor

Overall Oxley without

catalyst
^

MthhyEp
^

✗+
y
>
=
.

v
Energy
-
ltalb >
with
catalyst .

Ep
a

Note : Energy
,
- E, ?☐µ ER ET
RAH ~

✗
☐µ

ER ER
a) Order is an experimental quantity <
.

> <
u

,
Rxn Rxn
Odder ofixn
v
progress ×
progress
b) maybe zedo.tl/e
coefficient ( IU )
AH=
Ep-ER Temperature
,

-
He 00 fractional A- H= / Eats -

( Ea )b
21-03
.

µ= K -1+10 =

Half =
Activation forward
Unifoliate constant ( K) energy k,
k=
.

"" "
lEalb= Activation energy backward
1m¥ )
"

E÷
'"
.

k= Time k= latml Time lnk=lnA -

ET __
Threshold energy C

a) order b) First order n=1 Arrhenius constant lnk=-E_a -110g

Zero n=0 Avoehinus
equation : A A
=

' "
2. 30312T

1m¥ ) Ea= Activation

-1
K= see K =
Sec energy
EAIRT
⇐ Ae nc=,oga
-

R= Universal constant
yp=µp= Rate ,
gas .

logk
-

Elementary Reactions m= a_
( Kelvin )
1-
Temperature
=

2.30312

it completes single step

in .

Maxwell Distribution curve :

" >

2) Rate law
equal to stoichiometric coefficients of reactions .

>
Increased
"

f-
Fraction T 1-+10 Fraction
Note
E÷ ( E- -3=2 )
-
:
of molecular at lnK2_ =

Ki
a) Zero order reactions be
can never
elementary •

Ea
b) For
elementary reactions .
Fractional order is not possible .
Ea
i. Energy b)
log ,K÷= 2.30312 ( F- FT ) -