Pump Control (Main Hydraulic) - Main Pump Regulator

320D & 320D L Excavators FAL00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C6.4 Engine(S...
Page 1 of 9
Previous Screen
Welcome: j210ru
Product: EXCAVATOR
Model: 320D EXCAVATOR FAL
Configuration: 320D & 320D L Excavators FAL00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C6.4 Engine
Systems Operation
320D and 323D Excavators Hydraulic System
Media Number -RENR7294-12 Publication Date -01/09/2012 Date Updated -24/09/2012
i02691086
Pump Control (Main Hydraulic) - Main Pump Regulator

SMCS - 3222; 5070; 5086
Operation
The regulators for the drive pump and the idler pump are identical in construction and operation. The following description is given for the idler pump regulator.
The main pump regulators are controlled in the following manner.
Power Shift System - The pump regulators are controlled by the electronic control system. The machine ECM continually monitors the engine speed and the load
on the engine. The machine ECM sends an electrical signal to the proportional reducing valve for power shift pressure. The proportional reducing valve assists in
controlling the output flow of the pumps by changing the hydraulic signal pressure (power shift pressure) that flows to the pump regulators.
Cross sensing control - The pump regulators are controlled by cross sensing control. In order to maintain the engine horsepower to the pumps at a constant rate,
the pump regulators receive average delivery pressure of the drive pump and the idler pump through the cross sensing control. This is called constant horsepower
control.
Negative Flow Control - When the joysticks and/or the travel levers/pedals are in the NEUTRAL position or when the joysticks and/or the travel levers/pedals are
partially moved from the NEUTRAL position, the pump regulators receive negative flow control pressure from the main control valve. The main pumps are
controlled by negative flow control pressure at this time.
Reference: For more information concerning the power shift system, refer to Systems Operation, "Pilot Hydraulic System".
Reference: For more information concerning the negative flow control operation at the main control valve, refer to Systems Operation, "Negative Flow Control
System".
Illustration 1 g00687567
P-Q characteristic curve
(A) Pressure/flow point (destroke point)
(B) P-Q characteristic curve
https://sis.cat.com/sisweb/sisweb/techdoc/techdoc_print_page.jsp?returnurl=/sisweb/sisw... 07/04/2018
320D & 320D L Excavators FAL00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C6.4 Engine(S... Page 2 of 9
The output characteristics of each pump depends on the following pressures.
• Pump output circuit pressure
• Power shift pressure
• Negative flow control pressure
The flow rate of each pump is represented on P-Q characteristic curve (B) from pressure/flow point (A). Each point on the P-Q characteristic curve represents the
flow rate and pressure when pump output horsepower is maintained at a constant rate.
Pump compartment
(1) Proportional reducing valve (power shift pressure)
(44) Line (negative flow control pressure to drive pump regulator)
(67) Line (pilot oil flow to proportional reducing valve)
(68) Line (negative flow control pressure to idler pump regulator)
(69) Line (power shift pressure from proportional reducing valve to idler pump regulator)
Main pumps
(6) Port (negative flow control pressure to the drive pump)
(17) Port (negative flow control pressure to the idler pump)
Idler pump regulator
(20) Swashplate
(26) Pin
(31) Passage
(32) Passage
(33) Passage (average delivery pressure of the drive pump and the idler pump)
(34) Guide
(35) Slide plate
(36) Control linkage
(38) Passage (power shift pressure)
(41) Spool
(42) Pilot piston
(43) Control piston
(46) Passage
(47) Piston
(48) Piston chamber
(49) Passage
(50) Passage
(51) Sleeve
(52) Shoulder
(54) Pin
(56) Left body
(65) Piston chamber
(66) Passage
(P2) Delivery pressure (idler pump)
Delivery pressure for the idler pump (P2) flows through passage (66) and passage (32) into the left chamber around spool (41). Spool (41) meters the oil flow
through passage (49) to passage (46), passage (31) and piston chamber (48) in order to control the movement of piston (47).
The cross sensing control delivers the average delivery pressure of the drive pump and the idler pump (PM) through passage (33). Under total horsepower control,
the average delivery pressure of the drive pump and the idler pump (PM) from passage (33) acts on shoulder (52) of pilot piston (42).
Power shift pressure (PS) that flows through passage (38) acts on the right end of pilot piston (42). The average delivery pressure of the drive pump and the idler
pump (PM) combines with the power shift pressure (PS) in order to control the movement of pilot piston (42) and spool (41).
During negative flow control, negative flow control pressure (PN) from line (44) enters piston chamber (65). The right end of control piston (43) is pressurized.
Control piston (43) acts on spool (41) in order to control the output flow of the pump.
The position and the movement of piston (47) determines the position and the movement of swashplate (20) and sleeve (51). Pin (26) connects one end of control
linkage (36) to piston (47). The other end of control linkage (36) is connected to left body (56) by pin (54). When piston (47) shifts, control linkage (36) rotates on
the axis of pin (54). The movement of the control linkage causes slide plate (35) to move sleeve (51). The movement of sleeve (51) and spool (41) cause passages
(49) and (50) to open, and/or the movement of sleeve (51) and spool (41) cause passages (49) and (50) to close. As piston (47) shifts to the right, swashplate (20)
moves toward the minimum angle position.
STANDBY Position
Main pump regulator in the STANDBY position
(20) Swashplate
(31) Passage
(32) Passage

(39) Spring
(40) Spring
(41) Spool
(42) Pilot piston
(43) Control piston
(44) Passage (NFC)
(46) Passage
(47) Piston
(48) Piston chamber
(49) Passage
(50) Passage
(52) Shoulder
(53) Piston chamber
(55) Passage
(57) Stopper
(65) Piston chamber
Illustration 6 shows the idler pump regulator in the STANDBY position. All of the joysticks and the travel levers/pedals are in the NEUTRAL position. The main
pump regulators are controlled by the negative flow control pressure (PN) in piston chamber (65).
The machine ECM controls the power shift pressure (PS) to a level that is dependent on engine speed. When the main pump regulator is in the STANDBY
position, decreased power shift pressure flows through passage (38). The decreased power shift pressure acts on the end of pilot piston (42).
The cross sensing control delivers the average delivery pressure of the drive pump and the idler pump (PM) through passage (33). The average delivery pressure of
the drive pump and the idler pump (PM) acts on shoulder (52) in the center of pilot piston (42). Since the main pump regulators are in the STANDBY position,
pressure (PM) in passage (33) is low pressure standby pressure.
When all of the joysticks and the travel levers/pedals are in the NEUTRAL position, all of the control valves for the implements, swing and travel are in the
NEUTRAL position. The oil flow rate through the center bypass passage in the main control valve is maximum. The oil flow through the center bypass passage is
restricted at the negative flow control orifice. High negative flow control pressure (PN) flows from the main control valve through line (44) and port (17) to piston
chamber (65) of the idler pump regulator. When the negative flow control pressure is maximum, the output flow of the pump is maintained at a minimum
(STANDBY).
Negative flow control pressure (PN) enters the idler pump regulator at port (17). The negative flow control pressure (PN) flows to piston chamber (65). When the
negative flow control pressure (PN) increases, control piston (43) is pushed to the left against the force of spring (64). As the negative flow control pressure
increases further, control piston (43) pushes pilot piston (42) and spool (41) to the left. The movement of the control piston, the pilot piston and the spool will stop
when the force of the negative flow control pressure becomes equal to the force of springs (39), (40) and (64). Delivery pressure of the idler pump (P2) is now
blocked at passage (49).
The negative flow control pressure in piston chamber (48) flows through passage (31), passage (50), past spool (41) and through passage (55) to the case drain of
the pump.
The delivery pressure of the idler pump (P2) in piston chamber (53) pushes piston (47) to the right. Piston (47) moves to the right until the piston contacts stopper
(57). Control linkage (36) causes swashplate (20) to rotate toward the minimum angle position. As a result, the output flow of the pump decreases.
UPSTROKE Position
Main pump regulator in the UPSTROKE position
(20) Swashplate
(31) Passage
(32) Passage
(34) Guide
(39) Spring
(40) Spring
(41) Spool
(42) Pilot piston
(43) Control piston
(44) Passage (NFC)
(46) Passage
(47) Piston
(48) Piston chamber
(49) Passage
(50) Passage
(51) Sleeve
(52) Shoulder
(64) Spring
(65) Piston chamber
Three conditions that can cause an increase in flow from the main pumps are listed below.
• A decrease in the system pressure
• A decrease in the cross sensing control
• A decrease in power shift pressure
• A decrease in negative flow control pressure
Illustration 7 shows the main pump regulator in the UPSTROKE position due to an decrease in negative flow control pressure.
When the joysticks and/or travel levers/pedals are slowly moved from the NEUTRAL position, the oil flow rate through the center bypass passage in the main
control valve decreases proportionally by the amount of movement of the individual spools in the main control valve. The negative flow control pressure decreases
proportionally to the length of spool movement. Therefore, the negative flow control pressure (PN) that flows to piston chamber (65) decreases proportionally with
the amount of movement of the joysticks and/or travel levers/pedals. Control piston (43) moves to the right against the force of springs (39), (40) and (64). The
angle of swashplate (20) gradually increases and the output flow of the pump gradually increases. Since pump delivery flow is proportional to the amount of
movement of the joysticks and/or travel levers/pedals, fine operation of the implements can be performed. During fine operation of the implements, the output flow
rate of the pump is controlled by the negative flow control pressure.
The average delivery pressure of the drive pump and the idler pump (PM) from passage (33) acts on shoulder (52) of pilot piston (42). Power shift pressure (PS)
from passage (38) acts on the right end of pilot piston (42). The combined force of pressure (PM) and pressure (PS) attempt to force pilot piston (42) and spool (41)
to the left against the force of springs (39) and (40). The combined force of pressure (PM) and pressure (PS) is less than the force of springs (39) and (40). Springs
(39) and (40) push guide (34) to the right. The position of spool (41) in sleeve (51) closes passage (50) so that the flow of the delivery pressure of the idler pump
(P2) to case drain is blocked. Delivery pressure of the idler pump (P2) now flows through passages (32), (49), (46) and (31) to piston chamber (48). Delivery
pressure of the idler pump (P2) acts on both ends of piston (47). Since the surface area on the right end of the piston is greater than the surface area on the left end
of the piston, piston (47) is positioned fully to the left. As a result, control linkage (36) positions swashplate (20) at the maximum angle position. At the
UPSTROKE position, the pump delivers the maximum output flow.
DESTROKE Position
Main pump regulator in the DESTROKE position
(20) Swashplate
(31) Passage
(32) Passage
(35) Slide plate
(39) Spring
(40) Spring
(41) Spool
(42) Pilot piston
(43) Control piston
(44) Passage (NFC)
(46) Passage
(47) Piston
(48) Piston chamber
(49) Passage
(50) Passage
(51) Sleeve
(52) Shoulder
(53) Piston chamber
(55) Passage
(65) Piston chamber
Conditions that can cause a decrease in flow from the main pumps are listed below.
• An increase in system pressure
• An increase in the cross sensing control
• An increase in power shift pressure
• An increase in negative flow control pressure
Illustration 8 shows the main pump regulator in the DESTROKE position due to an increase in system pressure.
The negative flow control pressure in piston chamber (65) is low. Control piston (43) is shifted to the right.
The average delivery pressure of the drive pump and the idler pump (PM) in passage (33) increases. The increased pressure (PM) acts on shoulder (52) of pilot
piston (42). Pilot piston (42) forces spool (41) to the left. Spool (41) compresses springs (39) and (40). Passages (50) and (49) close and the flow of the delivery
pressure of the idler pump (P2) from passage (32) to piston chamber (48) is blocked.
As the average delivery pressure of the drive pump and the idler pump (PM) in passage (33) increases further, pilot piston (42) and spool (41) shift farther to the
left. Passage (50) opens. The oil from piston chamber (48) now flows through passages (31), (46), (50) and (55) to the case drain of the pump. Since the pressure in
piston chamber (48) is now lower than the pressure in piston chamber (53), piston (47) shifts to the right. As a result, control linkage (36) moves swashplate (20)
toward the minimum angle position.
Piston (47) is connected to sleeve (51) by control linkage (36). As piston (47) shifts, the movement of the control linkage causes slide plate (35) to move sleeve
(51) to the left. Sleeve (51) closes passages (49) and (50). The spool, the sleeve and the swashplate stop in a position that maintains the engine horsepower to the
pumps at a constant rate.
Copyright 1993 - 2018 Caterpillar Inc. Sat Apr 7 18:32:36 UTC+0800 2018
All Rights Reserved. j210ru
Private Network For SIS Licensees.

Pump Control (Main Hydraulic) - Main Pump Regulator

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Pump Control (Main Hydraulic) - Main Pump Regulator

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Pump Control (Main Hydraulic) - Main Pump Regulator

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

320D & 320D L Excavators FAL00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C6.4 Engine(S...

Pump Control (Main Hydraulic) - Main Pump Regulator

The main pump regulators are controlled in the following manner.

The output characteristics of each pump depends on the following pressures.

• Pump output circuit pressure

• Power shift pressure

• Negative flow control pressure

(36) Control linkage

• A decrease in the system pressure

• A decrease in the cross sensing control

• A decrease in power shift pressure

• A decrease in negative flow control pressure

• An increase in system pressure

• An increase in the cross sensing control

• An increase in power shift pressure

• An increase in negative flow control pressure

You might also like