Assignment 3

Bassel M Eissa
Assignment 3
Contents
A Review of Phase Behavior Mechanisms of CO2 EOR and Storage in Subsurface Formations.............................2
Phase Behavior Measurements and Modeling for CO2-Water/Brine Mixtures......................................................2
Experimental Studies:...............................................................................................................................................2
Modeling Process.......................................................................................................................................................2
Findings:.....................................................................................................................................................................3
Phase Behavior Measurements and Modeling for CO2-Oil Mixtures......................................................................3
Experimental Methods:.............................................................................................................................................3
Modeling Approaches:...............................................................................................................................................3
Findings:.....................................................................................................................................................................4
A Review of Phase Behavior Mechanisms of CO2 EOR and Storage
in Subsurface Formations
This review focuses on the interactions between CO2 and formation fluids, which significantly impact CO2 trapping
mechanisms and storage capacity.
Two main strategies for storing CO2 are considered:
1. Saline aquifers
2. Oil reservoirs.
This summary covers both experimental studies and modeling approaches to these mechanisms.
Phase Behavior Measurements and Modeling for CO2-Water/Brine Mixtures

Storing CO2 in water formations and brine formations is a promising option due to their large storage capacities.
However, the solubility of CO2 in water/brine is generally low (<6%) and decreases with rising temperatures or
increasing salinities. Additionally, many aquifers lack impermeable cap rocks, leading to potential CO2 leakage.
Experimental Studies:
1. Volumetric Expansion: Measures the change in volume when CO2 is dissolved in water/brine.
2. Water Trapping and Gas Chromatography: Used to analyze phase compositions.
3. Raman Spectroscopy and Calorimetric Techniques: Provide detailed phase equilibrium data across various
temperature and pressure ranges.
Modeling Process
Identify the System and Conditions by defining the temperature, pressure, and salinity conditions of the subsurface
formation where CO2 will be stored. Also, Specify the components involved: CO2, water, and salts (e.g., NaCl, KCl).
Select Appropriate Models by choosing the thermodynamic models based on the conditions and system complexity.
The paper used common models including:
1. Equation of State (EOS) models
a. Peng-Robinson (PR) EOS to determine the parameters a and b for CO2 and water/brine. It uses mixing
rules to calculate interaction parameters. Then, apply the EOS to predict phase equilibria at given
conditions.
b. Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) EOS is a similar process as PR EOS with different parameter equations.
And it is suitable for predicting phase behavior at various pressures and temperatures.
2. Activity Coefficient (γ-φ) models
a. Component Interaction Parameters to estimate activity coefficients for each component depending on
the experimental solubility data to refine these parameters.
b. Combination with EOS to predict solubility of CO2 in brine by solving for chemical potentials.
3. Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (SAFT) models to account for molecular interactions, association, and
chain formation and calculate phase behavior using parameters specific to CO2 and brine.
Develop Empirical Correlations using experimental data to create empirical formulas for quick solubility estimates.
Then, validate the correlations against a wide range of conditions.
Perform Simulation and Prediction by using the selected models to predict phase behavior under different conditions.
Then, analyze the effects of temperature, pressure, and salinity on CO2 solubility.
Findings:
 CO2 solubility increases with pressure but decreases with temperature and salinity.
 Accurate measurements of CO2 solubility in mixed-salt solutions and high-pressure conditions are still needed.
Phase Behavior Measurements and Modeling for CO2-Oil Mixtures

CO2 flooding enhances oil recovery (EOR) and stores CO2 in subsurface formations, making it a widely used CCUS
method.
Experimental Methods:
1. Slim Tube Tests: Determine minimum miscibility pressures (MMP) between CO2 and crude oil.
2. Vanishing Interfacial Tension and Rising Bubble Methods: Assess the miscibility of CO2 with oil.
Modeling Approaches:
Component Complexity: CO2 with oil involves detailed modeling of various hydrocarbons, whereas CO2 with brine
focuses on simpler CO2-water/salt interactions.
Minimum Miscibility Pressure (MMP): For CO2 with oil, determining MMP is crucial for enhanced oil recovery and
involves techniques like slim-tube tests, MOC, and MMC methods. In contrast, CO2 with brine primarily focuses on
solubility and phase equilibria without the need for MMP calculations.
Phase Behavior Mechanisms: CO2 with oil emphasizes predicting miscibility, handling asphaltene precipitation, and
optimizing oil displacement. Meanwhile, CO2 with brine addresses solubility, hydrate formation, and mineral trapping.
Simulation Techniques: Oil systems use compositional simulations (e.g., slim-tube, MOC, MMC) for optimal EOR
conditions, whereas brine systems rely on EOS models, activity coefficient models, and empirical correlations for
predicting solubility and equilibria.
Thermodynamic Models: EOS models for oil are adapted to complex hydrocarbon interactions, but for brine, EOS
models are combined with activity coefficient models to manage CO2-water/salt systems.
Findings:
 High CO2 concentrations can be stored in the residual oil after flooding.
 Robust algorithms for multiphase equilibrium calculations are essential for accurate predictions.

Assignment 3

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Assignment 3

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Assignment 3

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Bassel M Eissa

Phase Behavior Measurements and Modeling for CO2-Water/Brine Mixtures

Phase Behavior Measurements and Modeling for CO2-Oil Mixtures

You might also like