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UNIT-II

PART A

DATA, EXPRESSIONS AND STATEMENTS

1. Define python
Python is an object-oriented, high level language, interpreted, dynamic and
multipurpose programming language.

2. Give the features of python.

  Easy to Use:
  Expressive Language
  Interpreted Language
  Cross-platform language
  Free and Open Source
  Object-Oriented language
 Extensible


3. What is python interpreter?
The engine that translates and runs Python is called the Python Interpreter: There
are two ways to use it: immediate mode and script mode. The >>> is called the Python
prompt. The interpreter uses the prompt to indicate that it is ready for instructions.

4. What is the difference between intermediate mode and script mode?

 In immediate mode, you type Python expressions into the Python Interpreter
window, and the interpreter immediately shows the result.
 Alternatively, you can write a program in a file and use the interpreter to
execute the contents of the file. Such a file is called a script. Scripts have
the advantage that they can be saved to disk, printed, and so on.

4. What is meant by value in python?

A value is one of the fundamental things—like a letter or a number—that a
program manipulates.

5. List the standard data types in

python.
Python has five standard data
Types:
 Numbers
 Strings
 List,
 Tuples
 Dictionary
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6.What is meant by python numbers?

Number data types store numeric values. Number objects are created when
you assign a value to them.
Python supports four different numerical types :
 int (signed integers)
 long (long integers, they can also be represented in octal and
 hexadecimal)
 float (floating point real values)
 complex (complex numbers)

7. What are python strings?

Strings in Python are identified as a contiguous set of characters represented in
the quotation marks. Python allows for either pairs of single or double quotes. Subsets of
strings can be taken using the slice operator ([ ] and [:] ) with indexes starting at 0 in the
beginning of the string and working their way from -1 at the end.
The plus (+) sign is the string concatenation operator and the asterisk (*) is the
repetition operator.
str = 'Hello World!'
print str[0] # Prints first character of
the string o/p:
H

8. Mention the features of lists in python

Lists are the most versatile of Python's compound data types. A list contains
items separated by commas and enclosed within square brackets ([]). To some extent,
lists are similar to arrays in C. One difference between them is that all the items
belonging to a list can be of different data type.
The values stored in a list can be accessed using the slice operator ([ ] and [:])
with indexes starting at 0 in the beginning of the list and working their way to end -1.
The plus (+) sign is the list concatenation operator, and the asterisk (*) is the repetition
operator. For example
–
list = [ 'abcd', 786 , 2.23,'john', 70.2 ] print list[0]
o/p

a
b
c
d

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9. What is tuple ? What is the difference between list and tuple?

 A tuple is another sequence data type that is similar to the list. A tuple
consists of a number of values separated by commas.
 The main differences between lists and tuples are: Lists are enclosed in
brackets ( [ ] ) and their elements and size can be changed, while tuples are
enclosed in parentheses ( ( ) ) and cannot be updated. Tuples can be thought
of as read-only lists. Eg:

tuple = ( 'abcd', 786 , 2.23, 'john', 70.2 )

10. Give the features of python dictionaries

Python's dictionaries are kind of hash table type. They work like associative
arrays and consist of key-value pairs. A dictionary key can be almost any Python type,
but are usually numbers or strings. Values, on the other hand, can be any arbitrary
Python object.Dictionaries are enclosed by curly braces ({ }) and values can be assigned
and accessed using square braces ([]). For example − dict = {}

dict['one'] = "This is one"

11. What is a variable?

One of the most powerful features of a programming language is the ability to
manipulate variables. A variable is a name that refers to a value. The assignment
statement gives a value to a variable.
Eg:
>>> n = 17
>>> pi = 3.14159

12. What are the rules for naming a variable?

Variable names can be arbitrarily long. They can contain both letters and digits,
but they have to begin with a letter or an underscore. Although it is legal to use
uppercase letters, by convention we don‘t. If you do, remember that case matters.
Bruce and bruce are different variables.
The underscore character ( _) can appear in a name.
Eg:
my_name

13. What are keywords?

Keywords are the reserved words in Python. We cannot use a keyword as
variable name, function name or any other identifier. They are used to define the syntax
and structure of the Python language In Python, keywords are case sensitive. There are
33 keywords in Python.
Eg:
False, class, finally, return
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14. What are the rules for writing an identifier?

Identifiers can be a combination of letters in lowercase (a to z) or uppercase
(A to Z) or digits (0 to 9) or an underscore (_). Names like myClass, var_1
and print_this_to_screen, all are valid example.
 An identifier cannot start with a digit. 1variable is invalid, but variable1 is
perfectly fine. Keywords cannot be used as identifiers.
 We cannot use special symbols like !, @, #, $, % etc. in our
 identifier. Identifier can be of any length.

15.what are expressions?

An expression is a combination of values, variables, operators, and calls to
functions. If you type an expression at the Python prompt, the interpreter evaluates it
and displays the result:
>>> 1 + 1=2

16. What is a statement?

A statement is an instruction that the Python interpreter can execute. When you type a
statement on the command line, Python executes it. Statements don‘t produce any result.
For example, a = 1 is an assignment statement. if statement, for statement, while
statement etc. are other kinds of statements.

17. What is multiline statement?

In Python, end of a statement is marked by a newline character. But we can make
a statement extend over multiple lines with the line continuation character (\).
For example:
a=1+2+3+\
4+5+6+\
7+8+9

18. What is docstring?

Doc string is short for documentation string. It is a string that occurs as the first
statement in a module, function, class, or method definition. It is used to explain in brief,
what a function does.

19. What is a function? Mention the type of function and use.

A Function can be called as a section of a program that is written once and can
be executed whenever required in the program, thus making code reusability.
There are two types of Functions.
a) Built-in Functions: Functions that are predefined. We have used
many predefined functions in Python.
b) User- Defined: Functions that are created according to the requirements.

20. Mention the types of arguments in python

1.python default
arguments.
2.python keyword
argument