Cambridge O Level

STATISTICS 4040/12
Paper 1 October/November 2021
MARK SCHEME
Maximum Mark: 100

Published

This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the
examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the
details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have
considered the acceptability of alternative answers.

Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for
Teachers.

Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes.

Cambridge International is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2021 series for most
Cambridge IGCSE™, Cambridge International A and AS Level components and some Cambridge O Level
components.

This document consists of 9 printed pages.

© UCLES 2021 [Turn over

4040/12 Cambridge O Level – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2021

Generic Marking Principles

These general marking principles must be applied by all examiners when marking candidate answers.
They should be applied alongside the specific content of the mark scheme or generic level descriptors
for a question. Each question paper and mark scheme will also comply with these marking principles.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1:

Marks must be awarded in line with:

• the specific content of the mark scheme or the generic level descriptors for the question
• the specific skills defined in the mark scheme or in the generic level descriptors for the question
• the standard of response required by a candidate as exemplified by the standardisation scripts.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2:

Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3:

Marks must be awarded positively:

• marks are awarded for correct/valid answers, as defined in the mark scheme. However, credit
is given for valid answers which go beyond the scope of the syllabus and mark scheme,
referring to your Team Leader as appropriate
• marks are awarded when candidates clearly demonstrate what they know and can do
• marks are not deducted for errors
• marks are not deducted for omissions
• answers should only be judged on the quality of spelling, punctuation and grammar when these
features are specifically assessed by the question as indicated by the mark scheme. The
meaning, however, should be unambiguous.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 4:

Rules must be applied consistently, e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed
instructions or in the application of generic level descriptors.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 5:

Marks should be awarded using the full range of marks defined in the mark scheme for the question
(however; the use of the full mark range may be limited according to the quality of the candidate
responses seen).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 6:

Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should
not be awarded with grade thresholds or grade descriptors in mind.

© UCLES 2021 Page 2 of 9

4040/12 Cambridge O Level – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2021

MARK SCHEME NOTES

The following notes are intended to aid interpretation of mark schemes in general, but individual mark
schemes may include marks awarded for specific reasons outside the scope of these notes.

Types of mark

M Method marks, awarded for a valid method applied to the problem.

A Accuracy mark, awarded for a correct answer or intermediate step correctly obtained. For
accuracy marks to be given, the associated Method mark must be earned or implied.

B Mark for a correct result or statement independent of Method marks.

When a part of a question has two or more ‘method’ steps, the M marks are in principle independent
unless the scheme specifically says otherwise; and similarly where there are several B marks
allocated. The notation ‘dep’ is used to indicate that a particular M or B mark is dependent on an
earlier, asterisked, mark in the scheme.

The symbol √ implies that the A or B mark indicated is allowed for work correctly following on from
previously incorrect results. Otherwise, A and B marks are given for correct work only.

Abbreviations

AG answer given on question paper

awrt answer which rounds to
cao correct answer only
dep dependent
ft follow through after error
oe or equivalent
SC special case
soi seen or implied
www without wrong working

© UCLES 2021 Page 3 of 9

4040/12 Cambridge O Level – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2021

Partial
Question Answer Marks
Marks

1(a) population 1 B1

1(b) correlation 1 B1

1(c) interpolation 1 B1

1(d) representation 1 B1

1(e) transformation 1 B1

Partial
Question Answer Marks
Marks

2(a) [two of] the designs use all three fabrics 1 B1

2(b)(i) 13 1 B1

2(b)(ii) 28 1 B1

2(b)(iii) 9 1 B1

2(c) 11 1 B1

2(d) 25[%] 1 B1

Partial
Question Answer Marks
Marks

3(a) correct method for mean ( Σx = 101.7) 5 M1

20.3 or 20.34 A1

correct method for SD (Σx2 = 2070.47) M1

0.615[14…] A1

correct conclusion from their calculated mean and their calculated B1√
SD ft
mean at least 1dp SD at least 2dp
(yes (satisfies the ruling))

3(b) no; small SD is a desirable feature 1 B1

since it indicates high precision/little variation/consistency

© UCLES 2021 Page 4 of 9

4040/12 Cambridge O Level – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2021

Partial
Question Answer Marks
Marks

4(a)(i) indication of column area being proportional to class frequency 2 M1

(e.g. first class 2 teenagers)

8 A1

4(a)(ii) indication of column area being proportional to class frequency 3 M1

(e.g. fourth class 27 teenagers or fifth class 17 teenagers)

((2/3) × 27) + 17 or 18 + 17 A1

35 A1

4(b) evidence of need to find number from 2 hours up to 5 hours 2 M1

16 A1

Partial
Question Answer Marks
Marks

5(a) standard deviation/variance/range 1 B1

5(b) interquartile range 1 B1

5(c) median 3 B1

find cf (7 12 18 26 30 39) and identify 20th item M1

3 A1
OR
B3 for ‘modal class’ = 5 or more

5(d) find cf (10 15 21 29 33 42) and identify 21st, 22nd items 2 M1

2.5 A1
OR
B2 for 0 if modal class or mode in (c)

5(e) mode is 0 and mode not named in (c) 1 B1

© UCLES 2021 Page 5 of 9

4040/12 Cambridge O Level – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2021

Partial
Question Answer Marks
Marks

6(a) (5/12) × (4/11) × (3/10) only 2 M1

1/22 oe (0.0455) A1

6(b) (4/12) × (5/11) × (3/10) 3 M1

….. × 6 M1

3/11 oe (0.273) A1

6(c) (4/12) × (8/11) × (7/10) × 3 3 M1

….. × (6/9) × (5/8) × (4/7) M1

4/33 oe (0.121) A1

Partial
Question Answer Marks
Marks

7(a) correctly plotted points 2 B2

(allow B1 for 6 or 7 correct)

7(b) correct method for LSA 2 M1

(31.25, 2.375) A1

7(c) correct method for gradient 3 M1

correct method for c M1

m = 0.0690–0.0700 and c = 0.190–0.210 A1

7(d) young trees produce fewer apricots than mature trees oe 1 B1

7(e) reasonable ruled line, from x = 20 to x = 65 1 B1

not joining first and last points

7(f) read y from their line corresponding to x = 40 2 M1

accurate reading from their ruled line with positive gradient

3600 kg–3900 kg A1

© UCLES 2021 Page 6 of 9

4040/12 Cambridge O Level – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2021

Partial
Question Answer Marks
Marks

7(g) 5000 kg of apricots must be produced 3 B1

read x from their ruled line with positive gradient corresponding to M1

y=5

55, 56 or 57 A1

Partial
Question Answer Marks
Marks

8(a) as job tenure increases, injury rate decreases 1 B1

8(b) in all groups, injury rate for Construction highest 1 B1

8(c)(i) for Manufacturing or Services 5 M1

any group rate multiplied by standard population figure

sum of four such products M1

(50.3 × 0.10) + (41.7 × 0.15) + (34.6 × 0.50) + (29.3 × 0.25) oe or A1

(55.9 × 0.10) + (38.0 × 0.15) + (27.7 × 0.50) + (20.1 × 0.25) oe

Manufacturing awrt 35.9 A1

Services awrt 30.2 A1

8(c)(ii) (Services because standardised injury rate is lower) ft 1 B1√

8(d) for Manufacturing or Construction 5 M1

any group rate multiplied by group population figure

sum of four such products M1

(0.8 × 50.3) + (1.1 × 41.7) + (4.3 × 34.6) + (2.5 × 29.3) oe or A1

(0.7 × 88.0) + (0.9 × 42.5) + (2.6 × 35.7) + (1.2 × 32.4) oe

Manufacturing 308 or Construction 232 A1

Manufacturing greater by 76 A1

8(e) (their 232/(700 + 900 + 2600 + 1200)) × 1000 2 M1

43.0 A1

© UCLES 2021 Page 7 of 9

4040/12 Cambridge O Level – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2021

Partial
Question Answer Marks
Marks

9(a) 2 10 30 45 52 55 56 1 B1

9(b) horizontal plots at UCBs 3 B1

vertical plots at cfs M1

smooth correctly-shaped curve joining 7 plotted points A1

9(c)(i) 48.5–49.5 [km/h] 1 B1

9(c)(ii) read speed for cf = 42 2 M1

57.0–58.5 [km/h] A1

9(c)(iii) read cf for speed 44 km/h (≈ 16 – 17.5) 2 M1

and express as percentage of 56

28.5 – 31.5 A1

9(d) read speed for cf = 30 + (1/4)(56 – 30) (=36.5) 2 M1

53.0 [km/h] – 55.0 [km/h] A1

9(e) [3S 0F] (17/56) × (17/56) × (17/56) 4 M1

[2S 1F] (17/56) × (17/56) × (39/56) × 3 M1

addition of their 3S 0F and 2S 1F M1

0.221 A1

Partial
Question Answer Marks
Marks

10(a) use of area/r2 to find radius 6 M1

correct equation with r or r2 (r = √[(180/120)  32]) M1

r = 3.7 cm A1

correct method of angle calculation M1

correct angles calculated: Good 170°, Fair 142°, Poor 48°, A1

fully correct chart, radius ±0.2 cm, angles ±2°, and labelled A1

© UCLES 2021 Page 8 of 9

4040/12 Cambridge O Level – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2021

Partial
Question Answer Marks
Marks

10(b) proportion of visitors with a good opinion greater for the Aquarium 3 B1
than the Museum oe

proportion of visitors with only a fair opinion greater for the B1

Museum than the Aquarium oe

proportions with a poor opinion same/approximately same for both B1

attractions

10(c) attempted use of class mid-points for either 5 M1*

(10 30 50 70)

correct method for mean for either attraction M1dep

(Σfx=2590 Σfy=3810)

37.5 Aquarium and 44.8 Museum A2

(Allow A1 for one correct, or answers to more than 3sf rounding to
these values)

correct conclusion from their calculated means B1√

(visitors who enjoyed the Aquarium were generally younger than
those enjoying the Museum oe) ft

10(d) systematic 1 B1

10(e) closed 1 B1
visitors were limited in their possible responses (only three)

© UCLES 2021 Page 9 of 9