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Lesson 4

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25 views8 pages

Lesson 4

Uploaded by

allan tomas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Prepare and Interpret Technical Drawing

Definition of Terms
Drawing act or the art of representing any object by means of lines and shades

Picture visual representation or image painted, drawn, photographed, or otherwise rendered on a flat

surface

Process a series of actions, changes, or functions bringing about a result

Technical pertaining to the useful or mechanical arts, or to science or business

Technician a person skilled in mechanical or industrial techniques or in a particular technical field

Flowchart a diagram that uses graphic symbols to depict the nature and flow of the steps in a

process

Tool kit a small bag or box equipped with hand tools

Tree structure an algorithm for placing and locating files in an organized database

Video display terminal(VDT) a computer terminal having a video display that uses a cathode-ray

tube.

LEARNING OUTCOME 1
Identify different kinds of technical drawing

PRETEST:
Directions: Match Column A with Column B. Write only the letter of the correct answer on a separate
sheet of paper.

Column A Column B
1. It is represented by a rectangle. It refers to an action in a business process. a. Decision

2. It is represented by a diamond. A process that can answer a decision of b. Process

"yes" or "no" requires a decision box. c. Arrow line

3. It is represented by a small circle or a connector box and is labelled using letters. d. Connector

4. Drawn in one direction, preferably from top to bottom to keep a flowchart clear. e. Sub-process

5. A process is represented by a rectangle with double lines on each side.


INFORMATION SHEET 1.1
Flowchart
A flowchart is a diagram that uses graphic symbols to depict the nature and flow of the steps in
a process. Another name for this tool is "flow diagram."

What Are the Elements of a Flowchart?


A flowchart is commonly used by systems analysts to visualize the series of processes in a
business system. A flowchart is a useful tool to design an efficient business system and to
troubleshoot or improve an existing system. A flowchart consists of elements, such as the
terminator, process, sub process, decision, arrow lines, and connectors.

1. Terminator
A terminator is represented by a small rectangle with curved corners. A terminator appears at
the start and at the end of a flowchart. The end terminator appears only once on a single
flowchart.

2. Process
A process is represented by a rectangle. It refers to an action in a business process. It must be
described clearly and concisely. A process can be described using a single verb noun phrase;
for example, "Order Office Supplies." The same level of detail must be kept in processes on a
single flowchart.

3. Sub-process
A sub-process is represented by a rectangle with double lines on each side. A sub-process is a
major process that could be broken up into simpler processes developed into another
flowchart.

4. Decision
A decision is represented by a diamond. A process that can answer a decision of "yes" or "no"
requires a decision box.

5. Connector
A connector is represented by a small circle or a connector box and is labelled using letters. A
flowchart written on a single page is clearer than a flowchart on several pages. A connector
ensures that the processes are connected logically and correctly on several pages.
6. Arrow Lines
Arrow lines drawn in one direction, preferably from top to bottom, keep a flowchart clear. Avoid
arrow lines that loop because this could indicate redundancy in the business process.

Benefits of Using Flowcharts


1. Promote understanding of a process.
People may have differing ideas about how a process works. A flowchart can help you gain
agreement about the sequence of steps. Flowcharts promote understanding in a way that
written procedures cannot do. One good flowchart can replace pages of words.

2. Provide a tool for training employees.


Because of the way they visually lay out the sequence of process steps, flowcharts can be
very helpful in training employees to perform the process according to standardized
procedures.

3. Identify problem areas and opportunities for process improvement.


Once you break down the process steps and diagram them, problem areas become more
visible. It is easy to spot opportunities for simplifying and refining your process by analysing
decision points, redundant steps, and rework loops.

Basic Flowchart Symbols


The symbols that are commonly used in flowcharts have specific meanings and are connected by
arrows indicating the flow from one step to another:
1. Oval. Ovals indicate both the starting point and the ending point of the process steps.

2. Box. A box represents an individual step or activity in the process.


3. Diamond. A diamond shows a decision point, such as yes/no or go/no-go. Each path
emerging from the diamond must be labelled with one of the possible answers.

4. Circle. A circle indicates that a particular step is connected to another page or part of the
Flowchart. A letter placed in the circle clarifies the continuation.

5. Triangle. A triangle shows where an in-process measurement occurs.


Fig 1. Example of a Simple Flowchart
How Much Have You Learned?
A. Directions: Match Column A with Column B. Write only the letter of the correct answer on a
separate sheet of paper.
Column A Column B
Practice Occupational Safety and Health
Definition of Terms:
Chemical hazard any hazard that results from the accidental caused by toxic chemical.
Desktop computer is a personal computer (PC) in a form intended for stationary use.
Electric shock characterized by pain and muscular spasm cause by an electric current.
Elimination the process of removing the hazard from the workplace.
Ergonomics the science of designing the workplace environment to fit the user.
Hazard A situation that has the potential to harm the health and safety of people.
Hazard control the development of systems to prevent accidents or injuries.
Health the general condition of a person in all aspects.
Housekeeping is the systematic process of making a home neat and clean and in order.
Risk a potential condition that a chosen action or activity causes.
Risk management the process of analyzing exposure to risk and managing it.
Safety the state of being "safe".
Standards something accepted as a basis for comparison.
Tree structure an algorithm for placing and locating files in an organized database.

Acronyms:
OSH Occupational safety and health
PPE Personal protective equipment

LEARNING OUTCOME 1: Identify hazards and risk


Pretest:
Directions: Identify the type of hazards. Match Column A with Column B. Write only the letter of each
correct answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Column A Column B
1. cables running across the floor a. mechanical hazard

2. hot components or sharp edges of computers b. physical hazard

3. inkjet printer cartridge c. electric shock hazards

4. exposed power cable d. chemical hazard

5. open casing of computer monitor e. CRT monitor high voltage


hazard

Information Sheet 1.1


Occupational safety and health (OSH) is a planned system of working to prevent illness
and injury where you work by recognizing and identifying hazards and risks. Health and
safety procedure is the responsibility of all persons in the computer and technology
industries. You must identify the hazards where you are working and decide how dangerous
they are. Eliminate the hazard or modify the risk that it presents.

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