VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

“Jnana Sangama”, Belagavi-18, Karnataka, India.

Synopsis on

“Automated Plant Watering System using Soil Sensor ”

Mini-Project Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of

Bachelor of Engineering
In
Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering
By

Hamsa M 1DS23EI018

Inchara Swamy 1DS23EI022

Sanjana Sargur 1DS23EI047

Narayan Kabra 1DS23EI034

Srushti 1DS23EI053

2nd sem B.E

Under the guidance of
Dr.Gopalaiah
Associate Professor

Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering

DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
BENGALURU -560078

2023-24
1.ABSTRACT

This paper presents the design and implementation of an automated plant watering
system that leverages soil moisture sensors to deliver water to plants only when
needed. The system consists of a soil moisture sensor probe inserted into the plant's
soil to continuously monitor the moisture level. This sensor data is processed by a
microcontroller unit that controls a water pump and valve assembly. When the soil
moisture drops below a predetermined threshold, the microcontroller triggers the
pump to direct water from a reservoir to the plant's root zone until the desired
moisture level is restored. The automated watering cycle helps conserve water
resources, prevents overwatering that can lead to root rot or fungal diseases, and
eliminates the need for manual intervention. An LCD display provides the user with
real-time soil moisture readings and system status updates. The system was tested
extensively with various plant species and soil types, demonstrating increased plant
health, reduced water consumption, and ease of use compared to traditional watering
methods. This low-cost, sensor-based automated irrigation system offers an ef cient
and sustainable solution for home gardeners, nurseries, and urban agriculture
applications.

2.KEYWORD

Soil moisture sensor

Water pump

Plant watering system

LCD display

Soil Sensor
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3.INTRODUCTION

Maintaining optimal soil moisture levels is critical for plant health, but traditional
manual watering practices are often inef cient and can lead to over or under-
watering. This paper presents an automated plant watering system that leverages soil
moisture sensors to deliver water only when needed. The system consists of a soil
moisture probe that continuously monitors the soil, a microcontroller that processes
this data, and a pump/valve assembly. When soil moisture drops below a set
threshold, the microcontroller triggers the pump to water the plant's root zone until
the desired level is restored.

The automated watering helps conserve water, prevents overwatering issues like root
rot, and eliminates the need for manual intervention. An LCD provides real-time soil
moisture readings and system status. Tested across various plants and soil types, the
sensor-based system demonstrated improved plant health, reduced water use, and
ease of use compared to traditional methods. This low-cost automated irrigation
solution is ideal for home gardens, nurseries and urban agriculture applications where
water management is crucial.
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4.OBJECTIVE

The main objectives of this research are:

1.To design and develop a low-cost, sensor-based automated plant watering

system suitable for home gardening and urban agriculture applications.

2.To integrate soil moisture sensors into the system to continuously monitor soil
moisture levels around the plant's root zone.

3.To incorporate a water pump and valve assembly that can deliver precise
amounts of water directly to the plant's root zone based on the microcontroller
commands.

4.To provide real-time feedback to users on soil moisture levels and system
status through an LCD display or other user interface.

5.To optimise water usage by delivering water only when required, preventing
overwatering and potential issues like root rot or fungal diseases.

6.To eliminate the need for manual watering intervention, providing a

convenient and low-maintenance solution for plant care.
5.METHODOLOGY

Circuit Diagram
 6.CODE

int water; //random variable

void setup() {
pinMode(3,OUTPUT); //output pin for relay board, this will sent
signal to the relay
pinMode(6,INPUT); //input pin coming from soil sensor
}

void loop() {
water = digitalRead(6); // reading the coming signal from the
soil sensor
if(water == HIGH) // if water level is full then cut the relay
{
digitalWrite(3,LOW); // low is to cut the relay
}
else
{
digitalWrite(3,HIGH); //high to continue proving signal and
water supply
}
delay(400);
}
7. PROJECT OUTCOMES

1. Successful design and implementation of a low-cost, microcontroller-

based automated plant watering system driven by soil moisture sensor
data.

2. Integration of accurate and responsive soil moisture sensor probes

capable of continuous monitoring of soil conditions in the plant's root
zone.

3.Incorporation of a water pump and valve assembly that can reliably and
consistently supply the required amount of water to the plant's root zone
based on the control unit commands.

4.Implementation of a user-friendly interface, such as an LCD display, to

provide real-time feedback on soil moisture levels and system status.

5.Successful testing and validation of the system's performance across

various plant species, soil types, and environmental conditions,
demonstrating its versatility and robustness.

6.Improved plant health and growth observed in plants watered by the

automated system, with reduced instances of overwatering
8. REFERENCES

1.WWW.GOOGLE.COM

2.WWW.WIKIPEDIA.COM

3.https://www.elprocus.com/soil-moisture-sensor-working-and-
applications/

4.https://www.arduino.cc/en/Guide/Introduction