SIT A man attempts to support a stack of 01 Determine the greatest number of books

books horizontally by applying a that can be supported assuming the books

compressive force of F = 120 N to the ends are on the verge of sliding together
of the stack with his hands. Each book has between the two books at the edge.
a mass of 0.95 kg. The coefficient of static
friction between the man’s hands and a a 10 c 13
book is 0.6 and between any two books is b 12 d 15
0.4.
02 Determine the greatest number of books
that can be supported assuming the books
are on the verge of sliding together in the
stack between the hands.
a 10 c 13
b 12 d 15

03 Determine the greatest number of books

that can be supported in the stack.
a 10 c 13
b 12 d 15
 SOLUTION: n + 2 = 12 books (number of books that
can be supported)
01 the books are on the verge of
sliding together between the 02 the books are on the verge of
two books at the edge sliding together in the stack
W = n(0.95)(9.81) between the hands
W = n(0.95)(9.81)

120N = N N = 120N
120N = N N = 120N

0.4N = f f = 0.4N
0.6N = f f = 0.6N
ΣFV = 0] 0.4(120)(2) - n(0.95)(9.81)= 0 ΣFV = 0] 0.6(120)(2) - n(0.95)(9.81)= 0
n = 10.3 books ≈ 10 books n =15.45 books≈ 15 books
SIT The 1200-N weight is suspended from a 01 Which of the following most nearly gives
cable that runs over a small pulley the tension in cable BE, in N?
attached to the boom ABC. The boom is
supported by a ball-and-socket joint at C a 3,435 c 625
and two cables attached at B. Neglecting
b 1,374 d 1,563
the weight of the boom,

02 Which of the following most nearly gives

the tension in cable BF, in N?
a 3,435 c 625
b 1,374 d 1,563

03 Which of the following most nearly gives

the vertical reaction at C, in N?
a 3,896 c 480
b 2,450 d 766
SOLUTION: ΣMC = 0]

Cy TBE
Cx

1200 N
TBF

Cz

1200 N
 SOLUTION: (Vct A)
For TBE: TBE = TBE
[ -6i - 2.5j + 4k
(-6)2 + (-2.5)2 + 42 ]
(0, 0, 9) TBE = TBE (-0.786i - 0.328j + 0.524k)
(0,-2.5,4)
TBE r = (6,0,0) - (0,0,0) = 6i - 0j + 0k (Vct B)
(0,0,0) M = Vct B x VctAns
1200 N (0,7.5, 4) M = TBE (0i - 3.145j - 1.965k)
TBF

(12,0,0) (6,0,0) For TBF: TBF = TBF

[ -6i + 7.5j + 4k
(-6)2 + 7.52 + 42 ]
TBF = TBF (-0.577i + 0.721j + 0.384k)
ΣMC = 0]
r = (6,0,0) - (0,0,0) = 6i - 0j + 0k
1200 N
M = TBF (0i - 2.307j + 4.325k)
 SOLUTION:

(0, 0, 9)
For TAD: TAD = 1200
[ -12i + 0j + 9k
(-12)2 + 02 + 92 ]
(0,-2.5,4) TAD = -960i + 0j + 720k
TBE
r = (12,0,0) - (0,0,0) = 12i - 0j + 0k
(0,0,0)
1200 N (0,7.5, 4) M = 0i - 8,640j + 0k
TBF

(12,0,0) (6,0,0)
For W: W = 0i + 0j - 1200 k
r = (12,0,0) - (0,0,0) = 12i - 0j + 0k
ΣMC = 0] M = 0i + 14,400j + 0k
1200 N
 SOLUTION:
M = TBE (0i - 3.145j - 1.965k)
M = TBF (0i - 2.307j + 4.325k)
(0, 0, 9) M = 0i - 8,640j + 0k
(0,-2.5,4)
TBE M = 0i + 14,400j + 0k
(0,0,0) ∑MCy = 0]
1200 N (0,7.5, 4)
TBF -3.145TBE - 2.307TBF - 8,640 + 14,400 = 0
(6,0,0) 3.145TBE + 2.307TBF = 5760 1
(12,0,0)
∑MCz = 0]

ΣMC = 0] -1.965TBE + 4.325TBF = 0 2

1200 N TBE = 1,373.67 N TBF = 624.11 N

SOLUTION:

TBE = TBE (-0.786i - 0.328j + 0.524k)

TBF = TBF (-0.577i + 0.721j + 0.384k)
TAD = -960i + 0j + 720k
Cy TBE Cx
W = 0i + 0j - 1200 k
1200 N TBE = 1,373.67 N TBF = 624.11 N
TBF
∑Fz = 0] 0.524 (1,373.67) + 0.384 (624.11)
+ 720 - 1200 + Cz = 0
Cz
Cz = - 479.46 N
Cz = 479.46 N
1200 N
SIT An 80-N box is placed on a folding table 01 Determine the reaction in the pin
as shown in the figure. Neglecting friction connection at C, in N.
and the weights of the members,
a 116.01 c 88.9
b 111.12 d 92.8

02 Determine the reaction in the pin

connection at F, in N.
a 88.9 c 116.01
b 92.8 d 111.12

03 Determine the tension in the cable

connecting points B and D, in N.
a 22.22 c 53.33
b 26.67 d 33.33
SOLUTION: ΣMH = 0]Gy (400+ 400)- 80(200 + 400) = 0
Gy = 60 N
80 N
Isolate the tabletop:
80 N

Ax Ex

Hx
53.33N = Ay Ey = 26.67N
ΣME = 0]
Ay (400 + 200 + 600)- 80 (200 + 600) = 0
60 N = Gy Hy = 20 N
Ay = 53.33 N
 SOLUTION:

Isolate leg AH:

Ay = 53.33 N
ΣMF = 0]
-53.33(600) + Ax (360) - 20 (400) = 0
A Ax Fy Ax = 111.11 N = Fx
360 ΣFy = 0] -53.33 + Fy + 20 = 0
F
Fx Fy = 33.33 N
240
H RF = Fy2 + Fx2 = (33.33)2 + (111.11)2
600 400 RF = 116.00 N
Hy = 20 N
 SOLUTION:

Isolate ABC:
ΣMC = 0]53.33 (600) - 80 (200) + T (180)
80 N - 111.11(180) = 0
T = 22.23 N

111.11 N = Ax T ΣFy = 0] 53.33 - 80 + Cy = 0 Cy = 26.67 N

180
Cx ΣFx = 0] -111.11 + 22.23 + Cx = 0
Cx = 88.88 N
53.33 N = Ay
Cy RC = Cy2 + Cx2 = (88.88)2 + (26.67)2
RC = 92.80 N
SIT A prestressed concrete beam 350 mm x 01 Determine the stress at the bottom fiber, in
450 mm in cross section has a simple span MPa.
of 10 m, supporting a uniformly distributed
load. a 4.16 c 8.34
Stresses due to external loads: b 1.42 d 5.60
Compression = 4.88 MPa
Tension = 4.88 MPa 02 Determine the maximum additional
Stresses due to prestressing force: external moment, in kN-m, if the allowable
Compression = 3.46 MPa tensile stress is zero. Loss of stress = 20%.
Tension = 0.72 MPa
Unit weight of concrete = 24 kN/m3 a 24.95 c 57.65
b 32.70 d 16.77
350
03 Determine the superimposed uniform load,
w in kN/m, if the allowable tensile stress is 2
MPa and the allowable compressive stress
450 is 4.0 MPa. Loss of stress = 20%.
10 m
a 0.726 c 4.324
b 0.544 d 4.506
 SOLUTION: Fiber due to P due to load
Top + 0.72 - 4.88
350 w
Bottom - 3.46 + 4.88

450 10 m fbot = -3.46 + 4.88 = 1.42 MPa (T) b

C-
T+ 02 Maximum additional moment if
01 stress at the bottom fiber, in MPa the allowable tensile stress is
zero. Loss of stress = 20%
Stresses due to external loads:
Considering the 20% loss of stress:
Compression = 4.88 MPa -
Tension = 4.88 MPa + fbot = (-3.46) (0.80) + 4.88 = 2.112 MPa (T)
For zero tensile stress:
Stresses due to prestressing force:
2.112 + fadd = 0 fadd = -2.112 MPa
Compression = 3.46 MPa -
Tension = 0.72 MPa + fadd = 2.112 MPa (C)(due to add’l load)
 SOLUTION: 03 superimposed uniform load, if
the allowable tensile stress is 2
350 w MPa and the allowable
compressive stress is 4.0 MPa.
Loss of stress = 20%
450 10 m
C- Stresses due to prestressing force:
Compression = 3.46 MPa -
T+
Tension = 0.72 MPa +
Note: Additional load will cause
additional bending stress Fiber w/ 20% loss allowable
Mc 6M Top + 0.576 -4
fadd = 2.112 = = (for rectangular) Bottom - 2.768 +2
I bd2
6M
2.112 = General equation:
350 (450)2
stress due to P + stress due to load =
M = 24.95 x 106 N-mm = 24.95 kN-m a allowable stress
SOLUTION: 6M
ftop = - 2.768 + = +2
350 (450) 2

350 w M = 56.322 x 106 N-mm = 56.322 kN-m

\ Use M = 54.054 kN-m
450 10 m
C- Calculating for w:
T+ w L2 w(102)
54.054 = =
8 8
Fiber w/ 20% loss allowable
w = 4.324 kN/m (total loading)
Top + 0.576 -4
Bottom - 2.768 +2 Calculating for the superimposed load:

6M 4.324 = wSL + wb
ftop = + 0.576 - = -4
350 (450)2 4.324 = wSL + 24 (0.35)(0.45)
M = 54.054 x 106 N-mm = 54.054 kN-m wSL = 0.544 kN/m b
SIT As shown in the figure, the square steel 01 Determine the tensile force in cable AD, in
plate has a mass of 1800 kg with mass N.
center at its center G. If the plate is to be
lifted while remaining horizontal, a 5,409.33 c 551.47
b 9,875.84 d 1,006.71

02 Determine the tensile force in cable CD, in

N.
a 5,409.33 c 551.47
b 9,875.84 d 1,006.71

03 Determine the tensile force in cable BD, in

N.
a 5,409.33 c 551.47
b 9,875.84 d 1,006.71
 SOLUTION:
04 Tensile force in cable AD, CD, BD
y W = 1800 (9.81) = 17,658 N

(0, 2.4, 0)
[
TAD = TAD
1.2 i + 2.4 j - 1.2 k
1.22 + 2.42+ (-1.2)2 ]
TAD = TAD (0.408i + 0.816j - 0.408 k)
W = 17,658 N

[ ]
TCD -1.2 i + 2.4 j - 1.2 k
TAD TBD = TBD
(0, 0,-1.2)
TBD (-1.2)2+ 2.42 + (-1.2)2
TBD = TBD (-0.408i + 0.816j - 0.408 k)

[ ]
(-1.2, 0,1.2) x
0i + 2.4 j + 1.2 k
TCD = TCD
z (1.2, 0,1.2) 02 + 2.42 + 1.22
TCD = TCD (0i + 0.894j + 0.447 k)
 SOLUTION:
04 Tensile force in cable AD, CD, BD
y
TAD = TAD (0.408i + 0.816j - 0.408 k)
TBD = TBD (-0.408i + 0.816j - 0.408 k)
(0, 2.4, 0) TCD = TCD (0i + 0.894j + 0.447 k)
W= 17,658 N ΣFx = 0] 0.408 TAD - 0.408 TBD = 0 eq.1
TCD
TAD ΣFy = 0] 0.816 TAD + 0.816 TBD + 0.894 TCD
(0, 0,-1.2)
TBD = 17,658 eq. 2
ΣFz = 0] -0.408 TAD - 0.408 TBD + 0.447 TCD
(-1.2, 0,1.2) x =0 eq. 3
TAD = 5,409.93 N a TCD = 9,875.84 N b
z (1.2, 0,1.2)
TBD = 5,409.93 N a
SIT The quarter circular plate is subjected to 04 Determine the reaction (N) in the ball-and-
forces as shown in the figure. If the plate socket joint at A.
weighs 50 kg, and assuming equilibrium,
a 333.3 c 581.4
b 373.2 d 541.5

05 Determine the reaction (N) in the roller at

B.
a 333.3 c 581.4
b 373.2 d 541.5

06 Determine the tension (N) in the cord CD.

a 43.5 c 117.6
b 124.8 d 204.6
SOLUTION: 04 Reaction (N) in the ball-and-socket
joint at A
TCD ΣFx = 0] Ax= 0 ΣFy = 0] Ay = 0

[ ]
W= 50 (9.81)
4(3)
ΣMB-C = 0] Az (3) - 350 (2) - 50(9.81)
3π
- 200 (3cos60°) = 0 Az = 541.51 N d

Ax Ay

Az = 541.51 N
581.38 N = RB 05 Reaction (N) in the roller at B

[ ]
ΣMA-C = 0] 50 (9.81)
4(3)
3π
+ 200 (3sin60°)

+ 200(3) - RB (3)= 0 RB = 581.38 N c

SOLUTION:

TCD
W= 50 (9.81)
06 Tension (N) in the cord CD
ΣFz = 0] 541.51- 350 + TCD - 50 (9.81)- 200
- 200 + 581.38 = 0 TCD = 117.61 N c

581.38 N = RB
Az = 541.51 N
SIT Using the figure below, the coefficient of 01 Sliding of the cylinder is prevented
friction between the cylinder and the
surface is 0.20. The cylinder is filled with a 32.15 c 15.43
water to a depth of 2.4 m. Find the
b 14.79 d 30.82
maximum value of the force P (kN) that
will satisfy the following conditions.

Given:
Weight of the cylinder = 3.2 kN 02 Tipping of the cylinder is prevented
D = 2.0 m H1 = 2.4 m H2 = 3.0 m a 15.43 c 14.79
b 32.15 d 30.82

P
H2
03 The cylinder remains in equilibrium
H1
a 30.82 c 32.15
b 15.43 d 14.79
D
 SOLUTION: ΣFH = 0] P - 0.20N = 0
P = 0.20 (77.17) = 15.43 kN c
W 02 Tipping of the cylinder is
P prevented
3.0 m
Move the normal force and frictional
2.4 m force at the tipping point.

f = 0.20N ΣMA = 0] P (2.4) - W(1.0) = 0

A f = 0.20N P (2.4) - 77.17(1.0) = 0 P = 32.15 kN b
2.0 m
N
N 03 The cylinder remains in
01 Sliding of the cylinder is equilibrium
prevented
π For sliding: P ≤ 15.43 kN
W = WC + Ww = 3.2 + (9.81) (2)2 (2.4)
4 For tipping: P ≤ 32.15 kN
W = 77.17 kN
ΣFV = 0] N - W = 0 N = 77.17 kN For equilibrium: Pmax = 15.43 kN b
SIT The truss shown in the figure is composed 01 In space GFLM, determine which diagonal
is acting and the force in it, in kN.
of 45° right triangles. The crossed
members in the center two panels are a GM, 84.85 c FL, 84.85

slender tie rods incapable of supporting b GM, 56.57 d FL, 56.57

compression.
02 In space FEMN, determine which diagonal
is acting and the force in it, in kN.

a EM, 56.57 c FN, 56.57

b EM, 84.85 d FN, 84.85

03 Determine the force in member MN, in kN.

a 10, Tension c 20, Tension

b 10, Compression d 20, Compression
 SOLUTION: 01 Acting diagonal in space GFLM
FGF

L FGM (T)
FFL (C) = 0
80AkN
x
L FLM
80 kN
The crossed members in
L L L L L L the center two panels
are slender tie rods
60AkN
y 40BkN
y incapable of supporting
60 kN compression.
ΣMB = 0] Ay (6L) - 80 (2L) - 100(2L)= 0
Ay = 60 kN \The acting diagonal is member GM.

ΣFH = 0] Ax - 80 = 0 Ax = 80 kN ΣFV = 0] 60 - FGM sin45º = 0

ΣFV = 0] 60 - 100 + By = 0 By = 40 kN FGM = 84.85 kN a
SOLUTION: \The acting diagonal is member FN.
02 Acting diagonal in space FEMN ΣFV = 0] FFN sin45º - 100 + 40 = 0
FEF FFN = 84.85 kN d
0 = (C) FEM 60 kN
(T) FFN 03 Force in member MN

FMN ΣMF = 0] FMN (L)+ 100 (L) - 40(3L) = 0

FMN = 20 kN , Tension c
100 kN

The crossed members in

the center two panels
40 kN
are slender tie rods
incapable of supporting
compression.