Assignment 1- EN1010

Marking Scheme
15 September 2022
Question F2-1
Determine the magnitude of the resultant force acting on the screw eye and its direction measured 10
clockwise from the x axis.

Parallelogram law of addition

According to parallelogram law of addition, the resultant force is shown in the figure.
Here, 𝜃1 = 60°, 𝜃2 = 45° , 𝐹1 = 6 𝑘𝑁 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐹2 = 2 𝑘𝑁
We know that:
𝜃4 = 𝜃3 = 180° − (𝜃1 + 𝜃2 ) = 180° − (60° + 45°) = 180° − 105° = 75.0°
Also,
𝜃4 + 𝜃5 + 𝜃3 + 𝜃6 = 360°
Since, 𝜃5 = 𝜃6,
360° − 2 × 𝜃3 360° − 2 × 75° 360° − 150° 210°
𝜃5 = 𝜃6 = = = = = 105°
2 2 2 2
Using Law of Cosines, we know that:
 3
𝐹𝑅 = √𝐹12 + 𝐹22 − 2 × 𝐹1 × 𝐹2 cos 𝜃5 = √(6𝑘𝑁)2 + (2𝑘𝑁)2 − 2 × 6𝑘𝑁 × 2𝑘𝑁 × cos 105° = 𝟔. 𝟖𝟎 𝒌𝑵
To find the angle 𝜃7 , we use the Law of Sines. So,
𝐹𝑅 𝐹1
=
sin(𝜃5 ) sin(𝜃7 )
So,
𝐹1 6𝑘𝑁 3
𝜃7 = sin−1 ( × sin(𝜃5 )) = sin−1 ( × sin(105°)) = 58.46° = 58.5°
𝐹𝑅 6.8𝑘𝑁
So the clockwise angle with x axis
𝜃8 = 𝜃7 + 𝜃2 = 58.46° + 45.00° = 𝟏𝟎𝟑. 𝟒𝟔° = 𝟏𝟎𝟒° 1
Question F2-3
Determine the magnitude of the resultant force and its direction measured counterclockwise from
the positive x axis.
10

Parallelogram law of addition

Given:
𝜃1 = 30°, 𝜃2 = 90° , 𝐹1 = 800𝑁, 𝐹2 = 600𝑁
From figure:
𝜃3 = 180° − (90° + 30°) = 180° − 120° = 60.0°
Using Law of Cosines:

𝐹𝑅 = √𝐹12 + 𝐹22 − 2𝐹1 𝐹2 cos 𝜃3 = √(800N)2 + (600N)2 − 2 ∗ 800N ∗ 600N ∗ cos(60°) = 𝟕𝟐𝟏. 𝟏𝟏 𝑵
= 𝟕𝟐𝟏 𝑵 3
From figure: 𝜃3 = 𝜃6
Using Law of Sines:

𝐹𝑅 𝐹2
=
sin 𝜃6 sin 𝜃4
𝐹2 600N
sin 𝜃4 = sin 𝜃6 = sin(60°) = 0.7206 = 0.721
𝐹𝑅 721.11N 3
𝜃4 = sin−1 0.7206 = 46.102° = 46.1°
𝜃5 = 90° − 𝜃4 = 90° − 46.102° = 𝟒𝟑. 𝟖𝟗𝟖° = 𝟒𝟑. 𝟗° 1
Question F2-5
The force 𝑭 = 𝟒𝟓𝟎 𝑵 acts on the frame. Resolve this force into components acting along members.
AB and AC and determine the magnitude of each component. 10

N
3

Parallelogram law of addition

Given:
𝜃1 = 45°, 𝜃2 = 30°, 𝐹𝑅 = 450𝑁
From Figure:
𝜃3 = 180° − 𝜃2 = 180° − 30° = 150°
Also,
𝜃3 = 𝜃6 , 𝜃4 = 𝜃5
And,
𝜃3 + 𝜃4 + 𝜃5 + 𝜃6 = 360°
So,
360° − 2 ∗ 𝜃3 360° − 2 ∗ 150°
𝜃4 = = = 30.0°
2 2
Using Law of Sines:

𝐹𝑅 𝐹2
=
sin 𝜃4 sin 𝜃1
So,
𝐹𝑅 sin 𝜃1 sin 45°
𝐹2 =
sin 𝜃4
= 450N ∗
𝑠𝑖𝑛30°
= 𝟔𝟑𝟔. 𝟑𝟗𝟏 𝑵 = 𝟔𝟑𝟔 𝑵 4
Similarly, using Law of Sines:

𝐹1 𝐹𝑅
=
sin(𝜃3 − 𝜃1 ) sin 𝜃5
𝐹𝑅 sin(𝜃3 − 𝜃1 ) sin 150° − 45°
𝐹1 =
sin 𝜃5
= 450N ∗
sin 30°
= 𝟖𝟔𝟗. 𝟑𝟑𝟑 𝑵 = 𝟖𝟔𝟗 𝑵 3
Question F2-6 10
If force F is to have a component along the u axis of 𝑭𝒖 = 𝟔 𝒌𝑵, determine the magnitude of F and
the magnitude of its component 𝑭𝒗 along the v axis.

Parallelogram law of addition

Given:
𝜃1 = 45°, 𝜃2 = 105°, 𝐹1 = 6𝑘𝑁
From figure:
𝜃3 + 𝜃4 + (𝜃1 + 𝜃2 ) + 𝜃5 = 360°
Also:
𝜃1 + 𝜃1 = 𝜃5 , 𝜃3 = 𝜃4
So,
360° − 2(𝜃1 + 𝜃2 ) 360 − 2(45° + 105°)
𝜃3 = = = 30.0°
2 2
Using Law of Sines:

𝐹𝑅 𝐹1
=
sin 𝜃4 sin 𝜃2
𝐹1 sin 𝜃4 sin 30°
𝐹𝑅 = = 6𝑘𝑁 ∗ = 𝟑. 𝟏𝟎𝟔 𝒌𝑵 = 𝟑. 𝟏𝟏 𝒌𝑵
sin 𝜃2 sin 105° 4
Again using Law of Sines:

𝐹𝑅 𝐹2
=
sin 𝜃3 sin 𝜃1
𝐹2 =
𝐹𝑅 sin 𝜃1
= 3.106𝑘𝑁 ∗
sin 45°
= 𝟒. 𝟑𝟗𝟐 𝒌𝑵 = 𝟒. 𝟑𝟗 𝒌𝑵 3
sin 𝜃3 sin 30°
Question 2-5 10
If the magnitude of the resultant force is to be 500 N, directed along the positive y axis, determine the
magnitude of force F and its direction 𝜽.

Parallelogram law of addition

Given:
𝐹1 = 700𝑁, 𝐹𝑅 = 500𝑁, 𝜃1 = 15°, 𝜃2 = 90°
From the figure:
𝜃3 = 𝜃1 + 𝜃2 = 15° + 90° = 105°
Using Law of Cosines:
 3
𝐹2 = √𝐹𝑅2 + 𝐹12 − 2𝐹1 𝐹𝑅 cos(𝜃3 ) = √(500N)2 + (700N)2 − 2 ∗ 500N ∗ 700N ∗ cos 105°
= 𝟗𝟓𝟗. 𝟕𝟕𝟖𝑵 = 𝟗𝟔𝟎 𝑵
Using Law of Sines:
𝐹1 𝐹2
=
sin 𝜃4 sin 𝜃3
𝐹1 700N
sin 𝜃4 = sin 𝜃3 =
𝐹2 959.778N
sin 105° = 0.7044 = 0.704 3
𝜃4 = sin−1(0.7044) = 44.788° = 44.8°
𝜃 = 90 − 𝜃4 = 90° − 44.788° = 𝟒𝟓. 𝟐𝟏𝟐° = 𝟒𝟓. 𝟐° 1
Question 2-7 15
If the resultant force is required to act along the positive u axis and have a magnitude of 5 kN,
determine the required magnitude of 𝑭𝑩 and its direction 𝜽.

Parallelogram law of addition

Given:
𝐹1 = 3𝑘𝑁, 𝐹𝑅 = 5𝑘𝑁, 𝜃1 = 30°
Using Law of Cosines:
 5
𝐹2 = √𝐹𝑅2 + 𝐹12 − 2𝐹1 𝐹𝑅 cos(𝜃1 ) = √(5kN)2 + (3kN)2 − 2 ∗ 3kN ∗ 5kN cos(30°) = 𝟐. 𝟖𝟑𝟏 𝒌𝑵
= 𝟐. 𝟖𝟑 𝒌𝑵
Using the Law of Sines:

𝐹1 𝐹2
=
sin 𝜃3 sin 𝜃2
sin 𝜃3 =
𝐹1 sin 𝜃2
=
3kN
sin 30° = 0.529 4
𝐹2 2.831kN
𝜃3 = sin−1(0.529) = 31.995° = 32.0°
So,
𝜃 = 𝜃1 + 𝜃3 = 31.995° + 30° = 𝟔𝟏. 𝟗𝟗𝟓° = 𝟔𝟐. 𝟎° 1
Question 2-27
20
If the resultant force of the two tugboats is required to be directed towards the positive x axis, and
𝑭𝑩 is to be a minimum, determine the magnitude of 𝑭𝑹 and 𝑭𝑩 and the angle 𝜽.
 6

Parallelogram law of addition

Given:
𝐹1 = 2 𝑘𝑁, 𝜃1 = 30°
Using Law of Sines we know that:

𝐹2 𝐹1
=
sin 𝜃1 sin 𝜃
So,
𝐹2 sin 𝜃 = 𝐹1 sin 𝜃1
𝐹1 sin 𝜃1
𝐹2 =
sin 𝜃
So to minimize 𝐹2 , sin 𝜃 should be maximized. So sin 𝜃 = 1 and 𝜽 = 𝟗𝟎. 𝟎 °.
And
5
𝐹2 = 𝐹1 sin 𝜃1 = 2𝑘𝑁 ∗ sin 30° = 1.00𝑘𝑁
From figure :
4
𝜃 = 𝜃2
𝜃3 = 180° − (𝜃1 + 𝜃2 ) = 180° − (30° + 90°) = 60.0°
So the resultant force 𝐹𝑅 using Law of Cosines is given by:
 5
𝐹𝑅 = √𝐹12 + 𝐹22 − 2𝐹1 𝐹2 cos(𝜃3 ) = √(1kN)2 + (2kN)2 − 2 ∗ 1kN ∗ 2kN ∗ cos 60° = 𝟏. 𝟕𝟑𝒌𝑵

Question 2-31
15
Two forces act on the screw eye. If 𝑭 = 𝟔𝟎𝟎 𝑵, determine the magnitude of the resultant force and
the angle 𝜽 if the resultant force is directed vertically upward.

Parallelogram law of addition

Given and from figure:

𝐹1 = 500 𝑁, 𝐹2 = 600 𝑁, 𝜃2 = 𝜃1 = 30 °, 𝜃3 = 𝜃4 , 𝜃5 = 𝜃
Using Law of Sines:

𝐹1 𝐹2
=
sin 𝜃1 sin 𝜃5
𝐹2 sin 𝜃1 600N
sin 𝜃5 =
𝐹1
=
500N
sin 30° = 0.600 5
𝜃 = 𝜃5 = sin−1 0.6 = 𝟑𝟔. 𝟖𝟕° = 36.9°
From Figure:
𝜃3 + (𝜃1 + 𝜃) + (𝜃5 + 𝜃2 ) + 𝜃4 = 360°
So,
360° − 2 ∗ (30° + 36.87°) 360° − 2 ∗ 66.87°
𝜃3 = 𝜃4 = = = 113.13° = 113°
2 2
Using Law of Sines:
𝐹𝑅 𝐹1
=
sin 𝜃4 sin 𝜃1
𝐹1 sin 𝜃4 sin 113.13° 5
𝐹𝑅 = = 500N ∗ = 𝟗𝟏𝟗. 𝟔𝟏𝟓 𝑵 = 𝟗𝟐𝟎 𝑵
sin 𝜃1 sin 30°