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Aops Community 2019 Tuymaada Olympiad

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122 views3 pages

Aops Community 2019 Tuymaada Olympiad

Uploaded by

eulerfermat229
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AoPS Community 2019 Tuymaada Olympiad

Tuymaada Olympiad 2019


www.artofproblemsolving.com/community/c911162
by parmenides51, UlanKZ

– Juniors

– Day 1

1 In a sequence a1 , a2 , .. of real numbers the product a1 a2 is negative, and to define an for n > 2
one pair (i, j) is chosen among all the pairs (i, j), 1 ≤ i < j < n, not chosen before, so that
ai + aj has minimum absolute value, and then an is set equal to ai + aj . Prove that |ai | < 1 for
some i.

2 A triangle ABC with AB < AC is inscribed in a circle ω. Circles γ1 and γ2 touch the lines
AB and AC, and their centres lie on the circumference of ω. Prove that C lies on a common
external tangent to γ1 and γ2 .

3 The plan of a picture gallery is a chequered figure where each square is a room, and every
room can be reached from each other by moving to rooms adjacent by side. A custodian in
a room can watch all the rooms that can be reached from this room by one move of a chess
rook (without leaving the gallery). What minimum number of custodians is sufficient to watch
all the rooms in every gallery of n rooms (n > 1)?

4 A quota of diplomas at the All-Russian Olympiad should be strictly less than 45%. More than
20 students took part in the olympiad. After the olympiad the Authorities declared the results
low because the quota of diplomas was significantly less than 45%. The Jury responded that
the quota was already maximum possible on this olympiad or any other olympiad with smaller
number of participants. Then the Authorities ordered to increase the number of participants
for the next olympiad so that the quota of diplomas became at least two times closer to 45%.
Prove that the number of participants should be at least doubled.

– Day 2

5 Is it possible to draw in the plane the graph presented in the figure so that all the vertices are
different points and all the edges are unit segments? (The segments can intersect at points
different from vertices.)

6 Let S is the set of prime numbers that less or equal to 26. Is there any a1 , a2 , a3 , a4 , a5 , a6 ∈ N
such that
gcd(ai , aj ) ∈ S for 1 ≤ i 6= j ≤ 6

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AoPS Community 2019 Tuymaada Olympiad

and for every element p of S there exists a pair of 1 ≤ k 6= l ≤ 6 such that


s = gcd(ak , al )?

7 A circle ω touches the sides AB and BC of a triangle ABC and intersects its side AC at K. It
is known that the tangent to ω at K is symmetrical to the line AC with respect to the line BK.
What can be the difference AK − CK if AB = 9 and BC = 11?

8 Andy, Bess, Charley and Dick play on a 1000 × 1000 board. They make moves in turn: Andy first,
then Bess, then Charley and finally Dick, after that Andy moves again and so on. At each move
a player must paint several unpainted squares forming 2 × 1, 1 × 2, 1 × 3, or 3 × 1 rectangle.
The player that cannot move loses. Prove that some three players can cooperate to make the
fourth player lose.

– Seniors

– Day 1

1 same as juniors Q1

2 A trapezoid ABCD with BC//AD is given. The points B 0 and C 0 are symmetrical to B and C
with respect to CD and AB, respectively. Prove that the midpoint of the segment joining the
circumcentres of ABC 0 and B 0 CD is equidistant from A and D.

3 The plan of a picture gallery is a chequered figure where each square is a room, and every
room can be reached from each other by moving to adjacent rooms. A custodian in a room
can watch all the rooms that can be reached from this room by one move of a chess queen
(without leaving the gallery). What minimum number of custodians is sufficient to watch all
the rooms in every gallery of n rooms (n > 2)?

4 A calculator can square a number or add 1 to it. It cannot add 1 two times in a row. By several
operations it transformed a number x into a number S > xn + 1 (x, n, S are positive integers).
Prove that S > xn + x − 1.

– Day 2

5 same as juniors Q6

6 Prove that the expression


(14 + 12 + 1)(24 + 22 + 1) . . . (n4 + n2 + 1)
is not square for all n ∈ N

© 2019 AoPS Incorporated 2


AoPS Community 2019 Tuymaada Olympiad

7 N cells chosen on a rectangular grid. Let ai is number of chosen cells in i-th row, bj is number
of chosen cells in j-th column. Prove that
Y Y
ai ! · bj ! ≤ N !
i j

8 In 4ABC ∠B is obtuse and AB 6= BC. Let O is the circumcenter and ω is the circumcircle
of this triangle. N is the midpoint of arc ABC. The circumcircle of 4BON intersects AC on
points X and Y . Let BX ∩ ω = P 6= B and BY ∩ ω = Q 6= B. Prove that P, Q and reflection of
N with respect to line AC are collinear.

© 2019 AoPS Incorporated 3


Art of Problem Solving is an ACS WASC Accredited School.

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