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TTC - Understanding Complexity

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101 views3 pages

TTC - Understanding Complexity

Uploaded by

thotapavan2809
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Understanding Complexity

Course No. 5181

12 lectures, 30 minutes/lecture [FIXED]

Taught by Scott E. Page

Course Lecture Titles


1. Complexity�What Is It? Why Does It Matter?
2. Simple, Rugged, and Dancing Landscapes
3. The Interesting In-Between
4. Why Different Is More
5. Explore Exploit�The Fundamental Trade-Off
6. Emergence I�Why More Is Different
7. Emergence II�Network Structure and Function
8. Agent-Based Modeling�The New Tool
9. Feedbacks�Beehives, QWERTY, the Big Sort
10. The Sand Pile�Self-Organized Criticality
11. Complexity versus Uncertainty
12. Harnessing Complexity

Synopsis

Recent years have seen the introduction of concepts from the new and exciting field
of complexity science that have captivated the attention of economists,
sociologists, engineers, businesspeople, and many others.

These include:

* tipping points, the sociological term used to describe moments when unique or
rare phenomena become more commonplace;
* the wisdom of crowds, the argument that certain types of groups harness
information and make decisions in more effective ways than individuals;
* six degrees of separation, the idea that it takes no more than six steps to
find some form of connection between two random individuals; and
* emergence, the idea that new properties, processes, and structures can emerge
unexpectedly from complex systems.

Interest in these intriguing concepts is widespread because of the utility of this


field. Complexity science can shed light on why businesses or economies succeed and
fail, how epidemics spread and can be stopped, and what causes ecological systems
to rebalance themselves after a disaster.

In fact, complexity science is a discipline that may well hold the key to unlocking
the secrets of some of the most important forces on Earth. But it's also a science
that remains largely unknown, even among well-educated people.

Now you can discover and grasp the fundamentals and applications of this amazing
field with Understanding Complexity. Professor Scott E. Page�one of the field's
most highly regarded teachers, researchers, and real-world practitioners�introduces
you to this vibrant and still evolving discipline. In 12 lucid lectures, you learn
how complexity science helps us understand the nature and behavior of systems
formed of financial markets, corporations, native cultures, governments, and more.

What Makes a System Complex?


What defines a system as complex, as opposed to being merely "complicated"? The
answer lies in the presence of four factors:

* A population of diverse agents, all of which are


* Connected, with behaviors and actions that are
* Interdependent, and that exhibit
* Adaptation.

Understanding Complexity is filled with insights not only into the systems around
you, but into yourself as well. For example, you discover how your own
consciousness is perhaps the ultimate example of a complex system, as billions of
neurons coalesce and communicate to create the mystery of awareness.

Similarly, your own local city is another pointed example of a complex system, with
its storefronts, trash collection schedules, police activity, and more that
organize themselves into the patterns and rhythms that make life in your particular
area entirely different from life in another. Then there are the financial markets,
business sectors, global regions, ecological and climatic systems, and more�all
complex systems that you work with or are affected by daily.

Understanding these and other complex systems is important for several reasons:

* They're often unpredictable.


* They sometimes produce events with global ramifications.
* They're remarkably robust and can withstand substantial trauma and variation.

Most important, however, are the stakes, which, in a modern world so interconnected
that the links between systems are often invisible, are far different from what
they once were. Our social, economic, and political worlds are more complex than
they were years ago, and they may become too complex for us to understand unless we
develop new ways of seeing and thinking about them.

"From a pragmatic perspective, we have no choice but to take an interest in


complexity," notes Professor Page at the start of the course. "Like it or not, we
live in complex times, and there is little or no sign of the complexity abating."

Discover New Tools for Understanding

While modern decision-making theory has long been the "canonical" tool for guiding
choices in the business, government, and nonprofit sectors, complexity science
takes it a step further and provides us with a useful model for understanding and
determining what to do in these complex systems. Understanding Complexity shows you
how the ideas and tools made possible by complexity science�such as agent-based
computer modeling, which builds a complex system for individual agents�can
effectively take on those problems that decision-making theory cannot.

In one of the many illuminating examples Professor Page uses throughout the course,
he reveals how such a model showed architects how a change in the shape of a
ballroom with its doors on two opposite walls�from a square to a long rectangle
with the doors on two opposite walls�made it much less likely that people fleeing a
fire would jam the doorways. The narrower shape encouraged people to approach the
doors straight-on instead of at a sharp angle.

Learn a New Way to See the World

Professor Page maintains an active involvement with the Santa Fe Institute, the
interdisciplinary think tank recognized as the nerve center of complexity theory
research, and his depth of knowledge in, and passion for, complexity science shines
through in each of these 12 lectures.
Designed to be both a comprehensive and accessible gateway into the world of
complexity science, the course features nearly 40 two- and three-dimensional
computer graphics and a variety of highly illustrative thought experiments�to say
nothing of the teaching skills that have earned Professor Page several awards and a
career as a national speaker.

By the conclusion of Understanding Complexity, you'll have attained a new lens


through which to better view, understand, and make sense of your world. While the
systems you explore in this course will continue to remain complex, the science
behind them will attain a startling new level of clarity.

About Your Professor:

Dr. Scott E. Page is Collegiate Professor of Political Science, Complex Systems,


and Economics at the University of Michigan, where he has taught since 2000.
Professor Page has also been Professor of Economics at the California Institute of
Technology and at The University of Iowa. His many honors as both scholar and
educator include teaching awards earned at Cal Tech, Northwestern, and Michigan.

Additional Reading and Viewing:

http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=7108406426776765294

* Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems: An Introductory Analysis with


Applications to Biology, Control, and Artificial Intelligence. Holland, John.

* Complexity: A Guided Tour. Mitchell, Melanie.

* Complexity: The Emerging Science at the Edge of Order and Chaos. Waldrop,
Mitchell.

* Emergence: From Chaos To Order. Holland, John.

* Hidden Order: How Adaptation Builds Complexity. Holland, John.

* The Difference: How the Power of Diversity Creates Better Groups, Firms,
Schools, and Societies. Page, Scott E.

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