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    Group 6 Hydrology 3

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    Group 6 Hydrology 3

    Uploaded by

    khein.kervin03
    8 views12 pages

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    8 views12 pages

    Group 6 Hydrology 3

    Uploaded by

    khein.kervin03

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 12

    BASIC SUBSURFACE FLOW

    (STEADY STATE ONDITION)


    CASTRO-DOMINGO-FERNANDO-LOPEZ-SIMON
    WHO IS DARCY?

    Henry Darcy was a French engineer living in Dijon during


    the mid-1800’s. During this time Darcy began to conduct
    experiments with columns of sand to understand how
    water moves through the material. The results of his
    experiment are formulated in Darcy’s Law.

    Darcy’s Law is one of the fundamental equations used in


    hydrogeology to describe the movement of water through
    an aquifer and shows that discharge is proportional to the
    hydraulic gradient and the aquifer material.
    DARCY’S LAW)

    Darcy's law describes the flow of water through a porous medium such as an aquifer.
    Darcy's Law is a fundamental principle in hydrology that describes how water flows
    through porous materials like soil and rock.
    DARCY’S LAW)

    Hydraulic conductivity (K) is a measure of how


    Darcy's Law helps us understand how
    easily water can move through an aquifer
    water moves through porous materials
    under the influence of a hydraulic gradient. It is
    like soil and rock.
    typically expressed in units of meters per
    second (m/s) or meters per day (m/day).
    DARCY’S LAW)

    Storativity (S) is a measure of the


    storage capacity of an aquifer
    per unit surface area and is
    typically expressed in
    dimensionless units.

    Transmissivity (T) is the ability of


    an aquifer to transmit water. It
    is measured in square meters per
    day (m²/day).
    Basic Subsurface Flow (Steady State Condition)

    Steady-state flow
    refers to a condition where the flow of groundwater through an aquifer remains
    constant over time.

    Conditions for steady-state flow


    The rate of groundwater recharge equals the rate of groundwater discharge.
    The water table remains at a constant elevation.

    Importance in groundwater hydrology


    Steady-state flow is crucial for understanding the long-term behavior of
    groundwater systems.
    It simplifies groundwater modeling and helps in predicting groundwater movement over
    time.
    Confined and Unconfined Aquifers)

    Confined aquifers are bounded above and below by impermeable layers.


    Unconfined aquifers have a water table as the upper boundary.

    Characteristics of confined and unconfined aquifers:


    Confined aquifers have horizontal flow, while unconfined aquifers have
    vertical and horizontal flow.
    The flow of water in aquifers is influenced by the presence or absence of
    confining layers.
    Groundwater Flow in Confined Aquifers

    Horizontal flow in confined aquifers:


    Groundwater flow in confined aquifers is primarily horizontal.

    Application of Darcy's law:


    Darcy's law is used to describe the movement of groundwater through
    confined aquifers.
    Darcy's Law helps to understand how water moves through confined
    aquifers, which are layers of underground rock or sediment that can hold and
    transmit water.
    Groundwater Flow in Unconfined Aquifers

    Vertical and horizontal flow in unconfined aquifers:


    Groundwater flow in unconfined aquifers is vertical near the recharge area
    and becomes more horizontal with distance.

    Application of Darcy's law:


    Darcy's law is used to describe the movement of groundwater through
    unconfined aquifers.
    Darcy's Law is like a map that helps to understand how water flows through
    the ground, especially in unconfined aquifers where the water table is open to
    the atmosphere.
    Radial Water Flow

    Radial flow in both confined and unconfined aquifers:


    Radial flow occurs from a pumping well into the surrounding aquifer.

    Theis equation for confined aquifers and Hantush equation for unconfined
    aquifers:
    Theis equation describes radial flow in confined aquifers.
    Hantush equation is a modification of Theis equation for radial flow in
    unconfined aquifers.
    Travel Time of Groundwater in Confined
    Aquifers

    Travel time refers to the time it takes for groundwater to travel from a recharge area
    to a discharge area within a confined aquifer.
    THAT'S A
    WRAP!
    Thank you for listening!

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