Scribd
Upload
41 views4 pages

Maths Exam Solutions

Uploaded by

tcl.sharath
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
41 views4 pages

Maths Exam Solutions

Uploaded by

tcl.sharath
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Maths Exam Solutions

UNIT I: Fourier SeriesQuestion 1: Derive the Fourier Series for a Periodic Function

Derive the Fourier series for the function f(x) = x defined in the interval [-L, L]. Show all steps in the

derivation and compute the Fourier coefficients a_n and b_n.

The Fourier series for a function f(x) defined on [-L, L] is given by:

f(x) = a0/2 + Sum (a_n cos(n*pi*x/L) + b_n sin(n*pi*x/L))

where the coefficients a0, a_n, and b_n are given by:

a0 = (1/L) Integral[-L, L] f(x) dx

a_n = (1/L) Integral[-L, L] f(x) cos(n*pi*x/L) dx

b_n = (1/L) Integral[-L, L] f(x) sin(n*pi*x/L) dx

Solution:

1. Compute a0:

a0 = (1/L) Integral[-L, L] x dx = (1/L) [x^2/2] from -L to L = (1/L) (L^2/2 - (-L)^2/2) = (1/L) (L^2/2 +

L^2/2) = (1/L) L^2 = 0

2. Compute a_n:

a_n = (1/L) Integral[-L, L] x cos(n*pi*x/L) dx


Maths Exam Solutions

This integral can be computed using integration by parts. Let u = x and dv = cos(n*pi*x/L) dx. Then,

du = dx and v = (L/(n*pi)) sin(n*pi*x/L).

a_n = (1/L) [x (L/(n*pi)) sin(n*pi*x/L)] from -L to L - (1/L) Integral[-L, L] (L/(n*pi)) sin(n*pi*x/L) dx

The first term evaluates to zero because sin(n*pi*x/L) is zero at x = ±L:

a_n = (1/L) 0 - (L/(n*pi*L)) Integral[-L, L] sin(n*pi*x/L) dx

a_n = -(1/n*pi) [-L/(n*pi) cos(n*pi*x/L)] from -L to L

Since cos(n*pi*x/L) is -1 at x = -L and 1 at x = L:

a_n = -(1/n*pi) [-L/(n*pi) (1 - (-1))]

a_n = -(1/n*pi) [-L/(n*pi) 2]

a_n = -(-2L/((n*pi)^2))

a_n = 2L/(n*pi)^2

3. Compute b_n:

b_n = (1/L) Integral[-L, L] x sin(n*pi*x/L) dx


Maths Exam Solutions

Again, use integration by parts. Let u = x and dv = sin(n*pi*x/L) dx. Then, du = dx and v = -(L/(n*pi))

cos(n*pi*x/L).

b_n = (1/L) [x (-L/(n*pi)) cos(n*pi*x/L)] from -L to L - (1/L) Integral[-L, L] -(L/(n*pi)) cos(n*pi*x/L) dx

b_n = -(L/(n*pi*L)) [x cos(n*pi*x/L)] from -L to L + (1/n*pi) [L/(n*pi) sin(n*pi*x/L)] from -L to L

Since sin(n*pi*x/L) is zero at x = ±L:

b_n = -(1/n*pi) [L cos(n*pi) - (-L) cos(-n*pi)]

Since cos(n*pi) = (-1)^n:

b_n = -(1/n*pi) [L (-1)^n - (-L) (-1)^n]

b_n = -(1/n*pi) [L (-1)^n + L (-1)^n]

b_n = -(1/n*pi) 2L (-1)^n

b_n = -2L (-1)^n / (n*pi)

Final Fourier Series:

So, the Fourier series for f(x) = x defined in the interval [-L, L] is:
Maths Exam Solutions

f(x) = Sum [ (2L/(n*pi)^2) cos(n*pi*x/L) - (2L (-1)^n / (n*pi)) sin(n*pi*x/L) ]

You might also like