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Access 2013

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Ishaan Garg
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19 views10 pages

Access 2013

Uploaded by

Ishaan Garg
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER-2

INTRODUCTION TO ACCESS 2013


KEY TERMS
• Data-> Data is raw, unorganized facts that need to be processed.
example- each student’s test score in a class is a data.

• Information –> it is the processed data i.e when data is processed,


organized, structured or presented in a given context so as to make it
useful, it is called information.
example : the highest marks in mathematics in a class is information .

• Data redundancy –> duplication of data or occurrence of same data in


multiple files

• Data inconsistency-> insertion , updation or deletion


inconsistency/anomalies which may occur due to data redundancy
• Database->it is simply an organized collection of data . A database arranges
information in such a way that it becomes easy to retrieve or modify any piece of
information. Example telephone directory , dictionary

• Database management system(DBMS) ->a database management system helps


maintain centralized control over data. With the help of DBMS data can be easily
inserted ,deleted, retrieved ,updated .it actually gives complete command over
data ,enabling you to sort , analyse ,summarize and generate the reports quickly.
Example: access 2013,oracle,Mysql,Sql server, firebird etc.

• Relational database-> there are many ways in which data can be organized like
hierarchical, network ,relational etc .in relational database the data is stored in
the form of tables which is the most popular and easy way to store large data

• Relational Database Management System(RDBMS)->in RDBMS data is not


stored in a single large table ,but in several tables , each table containing specific
set of information. And the tables can be linked or related to one another with
the help of similar fields.
Rather than storing data in a large table it can be stored in multiple tables like
salesperson table and supplier table
Advantages of DBMS
1.Reduces data redundancy
In a database ,any information is usually stored at a single place hence
data duplication or data redundancy is virtually eliminated . This is
useful in saving computer memory and leads to accurate
management of data.

2. Controls data inconsistency->data redundancy leads to data


inconsistency so reduced data redundancy also controls data
inconsistency.

3.Enforces standards->every organization can maintains its centralized


database and so organization’s own standards can be applied to data
4. Ensures data security->in a DBMS , DBA (database
administrator) has complete control over data and can ensure
appropriate access be given to authorized people. Different
categories of users can be given different permissions.
5. Facilitates sharing of data-> a database is usually used by many
people simultaneously or at different times. As a database stores
data at a centralized location so it ensures that correct data is
extracted for all the users based on their requirements like for bus
info, account info etc.
6. Maintains data integrity-> DBMS supports data integrity i.e to
set rules for the data to be entered.
Database concepts
1. Table – A collection of rows and columns. A table organizes data
into rows called as records/tuples and columns called fields.
2. Record(row/tuple)-> it contains information about one item or
entity. For eg here all information for a student having
AdmissionNo ST001 is a record.
3. Fields/attributes-a field contains certain type of information for all
the records.eg Rollno,Name,Class etc.
4. Value- each specific piece of information in a table is known as
value.eg 8001,anugya etc
Uniqueness Of Each Record
Each record in a table is unique. That means you can not have identical
records about the same item in the table.so to distinguish one record from
another ,tables contain a primary key.

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