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Vedic Mathematics

Level 6

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Contents

No Topics
1 Square roots
2 Finding a square by Vilokanam Sutra
3 Imperfect Squares
4 Square root of imperfect square
5 Square root by division method
6 Square root of decimal by division method
7 Square of bigger number using Dwandvayoga sutra
8 Square of decimal by dwandvayoga sutra
9 Square root of sum or product of numbers
10 Square roots of sum of squares
11 Cube roots
12 Finding a cube root by Vilokanam Sutra
13 Cube root of 8, 9, 10 digit numbers
14 Cube roots by division method
15 Divisibility
16 Divisibility of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 by vilokanam sutra
17 Divisibility by 7, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29..
18 Simple Equations
19 Simple Equations by Sunyam Sutra
20 Multiplication of Bionomials
21 Multiplication of polynomials
22 Simultaneous linear equation
23 Simultaneous equation using Anurupyena SunyaManyat
24 Equations in 3 variables
25 Calender concept
26 Magic Squares

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SQUARE ROOTS

Finding Square root by Vilokanam Sutra

Meaning: Just by mere observation. To find square root

of number by just mere observation.

Perfect Squares:

1) First divide all the given numbers in groups of 2

digits from RHS. If single digit is left over in LHS
then it is also considered as a group.
2) The numbers of groups will be the numbers of
digits in answer.

For example: 25: is a single group so answer will be in

1 digit only.

If the question is 144: This is 2 groups so the answer will

also have 2 digits.

Formula: If the number has given as x digits then the

square root will ne x/2 or (x+1)/2 digits
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POINTS TO REMEMBER:

The squares of the 1 to 10 numbers are

1=1
2=4
3=9
4 = 16
5 = 25
6 = 36
7 = 49
8 = 64
9 = 81
10 = 100

All the above squares end with 1, 4, 5, 6, 9, 0

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Last digit square root

1 1 or 9
4 2 or 8
5 5
6 4 or 6
9 3 or 7
0 0

Example: 784

Step 1: Divide the given number in group of 2 digits

from RHS

=7 84

Step 2: Observe the last digit of RHS, here its 4

So, here our answer can be ___2 or ___8

As 4 is a number which gives square root of 2 or 8
As shown on above table

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Step 3: To find the 1st digit of the answer, check the

digit given comes in between of which numbers

Here, its 7 which comes in between square root of 2 &

3 as 2 square is 4 & 3 square is 9. Which means our
answer can be

22 or 28 As we already got the second digit.

Step 4: Now compare 7 with the product of the

number selected i.e. 2 & 3) Its observed that it is
greater then 2 square & lesser then 3 square & its
near the 9 So, we select bigger number and final
answer we got is

28 = Square root of 784

This way just by observation we can find square root of

perfect squares.

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Exercise:

1) 784

2) 2025

3) 4489

4) 2304

5) 6561

6) 676

7) 1369

8) 841

9) 2704

10) 12321

11) 5476

12) 625

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IMPERFECT SQUARES

How to check whether the given number is perfect or

imperfect?

Rule 1: If the given number is ending with 1, 4, 5, 6, 9 or

even number of 0’s then it MAY BE a perfect square.
However, if a number ends with rest of the numbers like
2, 3, 7, 8 or odd number of 0’s then its Imperfect
squares.

If its imperfect as per above given rule then no need to

go further. But if it may be a perfect then we need to do
further rules verification.

Rule 2: Now, we will check T.P

As we have passed rule no 1. If the number is ending

with 1, 4, or 9 the T.P should be even number then it
may be a perfect square we can see few example: 49,
81, 144… If in case T.P is odd number, then its
imperfect square.

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If U.P is apart from above given numbers like 6, 5 then
need to check following steps

If its 6 in U.P then T.P should be odd number, then it

may be a perfect square. Always remember it may be a
perfect because it is not sure if you meet U.P & T.P as
per these criteria then it will be 100% perfect square.
See below example:

36 = where both criteria are matched & answer is 6

which is a perfect square.

56 = is also matched with both criteria still its not a

perfect square.

So, perfect square can be found once we follow all the

steps. But imperfect square we can find by observing
the numbers at U.P, T.P at any point of digits.

Let’s do further check

If the U.P is 5 then T.P should be 2 as it may be a

perfect square & if it is not 2 then its imperfect square.

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For example: 25: its perfect square, 45 is imperfect

square

If U.P is 0 or even number of 0, we need to apply rule 1

to first number after 0 from LHS.

Example: 752 / 0000

Here as per rule no 1 we have even 0’s and it may be a

perfect square.

Rule 3: Divisibility Check

1) Divisibility by 4: In case of odd number & remainder

is 1, it may be perfect square. But if the remainder
is other then 1 then its imperfect square.

2) Divisibility by 8: In case of odd number & remainder

is 1, it may be a perfect square. If remainder is
other then 1 its imperfect square.

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In case its even number, if remainder is 0or 4 it may be
a perfect square. If remainder is other then 0 or 4 its
imperfect square.’

Rule 4: Now we can also check digit root (beejank). If

the digit root is 1, 4, 7, 9 then it may be a perfect square.
If the digit root is 2, 3, 5, 6, 8 then it’s a imperfect
square.

Exercise:

1) 4539

2) 5776

3) 3136

4) 87401

5) 15623

6) 95384

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7) 442225

8) 712336

9) 1764

10) 89401

11) 14798685

12) 95384

13) 73849

14) 2395

15) 12321

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Finding Square Root of Imperfect Square

√A = Let A be the number (imperfect square) for which

we are finding square root.

Divide the number A in X & Y, such that X is a perfect

root.

√A = √X+Y
= √X + _ Y_
2√X

Exercise:

1) 112

2) 265

3) 102

4) 55

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5) 87

6) 78

7) 96

8) 95

9) 11

10) 68

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Find a Square root by division method

Step 1: Make a pair of 2 digits from RHS

Step 2: Try to find the number whose square is equal or

below the first pair from LHS

Step 3: Write the divisor & Quotient. Now do the

division, do subtraction if the number is less than the
digit given.

Step 4: Bring next pair down with remainder of 1st pair

Step 5: Now check new number for division (first pair

remainder + next pair)

Step 6: Now, check whether the new divisor is is

available for multiplication equally or less then that.
Same as we do division.

Step 7: Now add last digit from quotient to existing

divisor. New divisor (old remainder & new pair)
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This way we can find square root by division method.

NOTE: FOR EXAMPLE, YOU CAN CHECK VIDEO &

UNDERSTAND PRACTICAL SUM

Exercise:

You can solve the previous exercise with this method &
understand both methods easily.

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Finding Square root of decimal number by Division

method

Here, same as previous topic we will do all steps same.

Only change is we will keep decimal also as pair.

If number is 893.643 then the pairs will be 8 93 . 6 43

Rest all steps will be same as we understood in division

method.

NOTE: WE CAN ADD 0 to dividend after decimal point.

Exercise:

1) 126.93 upto 3 decimals

2) 652 upto 3 decimals
3) 8.2645 upto 3 decimals
4) 1052 upto 2 decimals

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Finding Square of Bigger Numbers by Dwandvayoga

Sutra

Meaning: By adding duplexes. This can be use for both

perfect or imperfect square root.

We have learnt duplex method in details previously.

For details & recall the concept, you can refer duplex
topic or watch video.

NOTE: FINDING A SQUARE OF DECIMAL NUMBERS

BY DWANDVAYOGA SUTRA is also same as duplex &
decimal square root method

Exercise:

1) 3249

2) 7744

3) 1549
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4) 1849

5) 9216

6) 32761

7) 83521

8) 15129

9) 12692

10) 915849

11) 222784

12) 552094

13) 46225

14) 42143

15) 20439441

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Square roots of sum or product of numbers

First understand the example, so that we get a clear

picture of the sum.

Example: 2297 + 1549

Step 1: Add both the number & get a number, which is

3846

Now, we will find a square root for 3846. We can follow

division method for the same.

Refer previous notes or check video for the division

method for finding a square root.

Let’s do practice exercise:

1) 24 * 29

2) 1287 + 482

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3) 2881 – 928

4) 108 * 302

5) 40 * 4829

6) 74 * 38 + 19 * 43

7) 828 * 4 – 407 * 3

8) 38 * 582

9) 281 + 5072

10) 221 – 4762

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Square root of sum of squares

This you can solve by duplex method. So here, we

understand that Vedic Mathematics allow us to follow
many various ways to solve any mathematical problems
by various methods. Whichever you feel easy or quick.
You can follow & solve any difficult problem.

Exercise:

1) 5192 + 3812

2) 8492 – 2342

3) 8922 – 1232

4) 23722 + 1922

5) 1292 + 1222

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CUBE ROOTS
As we have learnt the topic cubes, we know the basic 1
to 10 cubes

No. Cube Last digit of cube

1 1 1
2 8 8
3 27 7
4 64 4
5 125 5
6 216 6
7 343 3
8 512 2
9 729 9
10 1000 0

Here, we observe that every cube is having different

ending digit. Which is more easy as compare as square.

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Find a Cube root by Vilokanam Sutra

We have learnt Vilokanam Sutra in Square root also.

Here, only change is we will make a pair of 3 digits from
RHS as it is a cube root. Rest all steps are same as
square root.

NOTE: This method is applicable only on odd numbers.

Like, 893, 6206550477…

If the number is even then first divide the number by 8 &

get odd number & multiply by 2 to get the cube root of
the number.

Exercise:

1) 3375

2) 1728

3) 4913

4) 8000
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5) 2197

6) 32768

7) 68921

8) 13824

9) 195112

10) 91125

11) 117649

12) 1092727

13) 970299

14) 287460

15) 658509

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Cube root by division method

As we have learnt division method in square root, we will

follow all steps as only 1 thing needs to be remembered
is make a pair of 3 digits.

NOTE: Watch division method video & refer notes for

revision of the method

Exercise:

1) 4

2) 3467

3) 2197

4) 226983

5) 99284

6) 3801

7) 444983
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DIVISIBILITY for 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 19 by Vilokanam

Sutra

1) Divisibility rule for 2: A number is divisible by 2, if its

U.P is any of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8. Which means if U.P is
even number.

2) Divisibility rule for 3: A number is divisible by 3 only

when the sum of its digits is divisible by 3.

3) Divisibility rule for 4: A number is divisible by 4, if is

last 2 digits are divisible by 4

4) Divisibility rule for 5: If U.P is 0 or 5

5) Divisibility rule for 6: If the number is divisible by 2 &

3 both

6) Divisibility rule for 8: If the last 3 digits from RHS is

divisible by 8

7) Divisible rule for 9: All numbers digit sum is 9 are

divisible by 9

8) Divisible rule for 10: When the U.P is 0 then its

divisible by 10

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9) Divisible by 11: If the difference of sum of its digits
at odd places & sum of its digits at even places is
either 0 or a number divisible by 11.

10) Divisible rule for 12: If it is divisible by both 3 &

4 are divisible by 12

LEARN DIVISIBILITY FOR DIVISOR ENDING 1, 3, 7 &

9 by Veshtanam Sutra

We have the standard rules of divisibility by 2, 3, 4, 5 &

11 in conventional method of mathematics. However in
Vedic Mathematics we have method to check divisibility
of 7 too.

Which is known as Veshtanam (Osculators)

What is Osculators?
Osculators is parameter obtained from divisor, which is
the basic requirement for divisibility, Osculators do not
exist for even integers.

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There are 2 types of osculators:

1) Positive Osculator
2) Negative Osculator

It is not mandatory to find both to check divisibility. We

can check by any of them

POSITIVE OSCULATORS

Step 1: Multiply the divisor in such a manner that we get

answer as U.P 9

Step 2: Add 1 to it

Step 3: Cut the 0 from the product

Step 4: The remaining digit is Positive Osculator

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NEGATIVE OSCULATORS

Step 1: Multiply the divisor in such a manner that we get

U.P as 1

Step 2: Cut 1 from the product

Step 3: The remaining digit is a Negative Osculator

NOTE: If we add Positive & Negative Osculator, we will

get the actual divisor

Example: 7 = Follow the above given steps for positive

osculator & negative osculator. It will be 5 & 2 so total of
both will be 7 which is our question.

Exercise:

1) 9
2) 29
3) 37
4) 47
5) 49

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Divisibility by 7, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29…

Divisibility by 7: Multiply the last digit by 5 & add the

product to the remaining truncated number.

Divisibility by 13: Multiply the last digit by 4 & add the

product to the remaining truncated number.

Divisibility by 17: Multiply the last digit by 12 & add the

product to the remaining truncated number.

Divisibility by 19: Multiply the last digit by 2 & add the

product to the remaining truncated number.

Divisibility by 23: Multiply the last digit by 7 & add the

product to the remaining truncated number.

Divisibility by 29: Multiply the last digit by 3 & add the

product to the remaining truncated number.

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Exercise:

1) 12654 by 7

2) 28837 by 13

3) 77361 by 117

4) 372 by 7

5) 22887 by 19

6) 3839 by 13

7) 19937 by 23

8) 99865 by 29

9) 49622 by 13

10) 629619 by 19

11) 37972 by 7

12) 7172 by 29

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SIMPLE EQUATION OF ALGEBRA

SIMPLE EQUATION

It can be solved by Parvartya Sutra & Sunyam Samaya

Samuchchaye.

Meaning: Parvartya Sutra – Transformation &

Adjustment

Formula:
➢ When we have 1 binomial factor each side.

Ax + B = Cx + d

Ax – cx = D – b

X=d-b
A -c

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➢ When we have 2 binominals factor each side.

(x + a) (x + b) + (x + c) (x + d)

= x (a + b – c -d) = Cd – ab

= x = cd - ab
A+b–c–d

➢ Ax + b p
Cx + d = q

= x = dp - bq
Aq – cp

➢ M___ + ___n____ = 0
x+a x+b

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x = _-mb - na __
m+n

➢ M___ + ___n___ + ___P_ = 0

x+a x+b x+c

X = __-mba – nca - pab__ ________

M(b + c) + n(c + a) + p(a + b)

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SIMPLE EQUATIONS BY SUNYAM SUTRA

Meaning: The Sunyam Samuchchaye means when

Samuchchaye is same, it’s a zero or equated to 0.
Samuchchya have various meanings in different context.
Let us understand all of them one by one.

➢ If x is common in all the terms, then x = 0

Example: 15 + 2x + 3x + 8X

Here X is common factor so x = 0

➢ If in a linear equation the independent terms on

both side have same value then value of variable is
0

Example: (x + 3) + (4x + 5) + 8 = 4x + 8

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➢ If in the equation both the fractions have same
numerators than solution of equation is obtained by
putting some of denominator equal to 0

__1___ + ___1__ = 0
3x – 1 4x – 1

Since numerators are same & we have negative sign

here so we will subtract using reverse.

➢ If the sum of numerator and sum of denominators of

the fraction are same or in ratio too.

➢ If the sum of numerators and sum of denominators

of the fraction are same or in a definite ratio.

➢ If difference of numerator & denominators of the

one fraction is same to the difference of numerator
& denominator of second or are in ratio, then
equate that difference zero.

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➢ If in an equation each side contain 2 fractions &

numerator each fraction is same. The sum of the
denominator in LHS fraction & sum of denominator
on RHS are same then that is equated to 0.

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Multiplication of Binomials

As we have learnt that Vedic mathematics have various

methods to solve any multiplication problems. We can
use Urdava Sutra to solve binomials multiplications.

Example:

(x + 5y) (3x + 2Y)

X 5y
3x 2Y
--------------------
3X2 8xy 10y2

This is how simply you can do binomial multiplication by

Vedic mathematics methods

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Multiplication of Polynomials

Same as binomials, we can also solve polynomials by

Urdava Sutra.

Example: (X2 + 4X + 5) (4X2 + 3X + 2)

X2 4x 5
4x2 3x 2
------------------------------
4x4 19x3 34x2 27X 10

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Simultaneous Linear Equation

A1x + b + y = c1
A2x + b2 Y = c2

Simultaneous linear equation can be solved by

Parvartya Sutra

X = Numerator of x
Denominator of y

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Simultaneous equations using Anurupyena sutra

We can solve the linear equations by Anurupyena sutra

means if one is in ration, other is 0. We use this sutra in
solving a special type of simultaneous simple equations
in which coefficient of one variable are in the same
ration to each other as the independent terms are to
each other. In such cases we can use Anurupyena
sutra.

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Equations in 3 variables

2x + 3y – 4z = 4
3x + y +2z = 6
5x + 4y + 3z = 10

Ration of coefficient x = 2: 3: 5
Ration of constant = 4: 6: 10 = 2: 3: 5

As both the ratios are similar

Y=0&x=0

2x = 4 so, x = 2

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Calendar Concept

We have 365 days in a year, 52 weeks in a year & 1

extra day. We call that day a odd day which comes in
February.

With this method, we can check from 16th century to 23rd

century any day, date.

POINTS TO REMEMBER

Days of the Week Code:

Sunday = 1
Monday = 2
Tuesday = 3
Wednesday = 4
Thursday = 5
Friday = 6
Saturday = 0

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Month Key Value

January = 1
February = 4
March = 4
April = 0
May = 2
June = 5
July = 0
August = 3
September = 6
October = 1
November = 4
December = 6

Century Code:

1600 = 6
1700 = 4
1800 = 2
1900 = 0
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2000 = 6
2100 = 4
2200 = 2
2300 = 0

With the help of above given Century code, month keys

& days of the week code. We can find any day, date
from 16th century to 23rd century.

NOTE: Watch the video for detailed rules, explanation &

practical example for the calendar concept.

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MAGIC SQUARE

Magic Square is a square which is filled with numbers in

such a way that total of all digits in all rows vertically,
horizontally or cross is same.

How to place the numbers in box?

We have mentioned all the steps in detailed in video.

Where this magic box is used?

This particular magic box is used in gaming, puzzle,
brain activity with maths like sudoku.

In fact, many ancient cultures follow these magic boxes

to see future of the person like numerology, Chinese
numerology like Lo Shu Grid. They follow the steps &
find the persons nature, future, health, social behavior.

NOTE: You can watch video & understand step by step

method to do the same.

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NOTE: If you face any issue, doubt in any of the sums.

You can reach us for live doubt solving class.

www.inspiringeducationplus.com

Contact - 7738711110

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