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    Normalization

    Uploaded by

    Sara Ali

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Normalization

    Uploaded by

    Sara Ali
    6 views6 pages

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    6 views6 pages

    Normalization

    Uploaded by

    Sara Ali

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 6

    DATABASE

    NORMALIZATION
    NORMALIZATION

    • Normalization is a database design technique that reduces data redundancy and


    eliminates issues caused by anomalies while performing Insertions, Updates and
    Deletions.
    • Normalization rules divides larger tables into smaller tables and links them using
    relationships.
    • The purpose of Normalization in SQL is to eliminate redundant (repetitive) data and
    ensure data is stored logically.
    NORMAL FORMS

    Here is a list of Normal Forms in SQL:


    • 1NF (First Normal Form)
    • 2NF (Second Normal Form)
    • 3NF (Third Normal Form)
    • BCNF (Boyce-Codd Normal Form)
    • 4NF (Fourth Normal Form)
    • 5NF (Fifth Normal Form)
    • 6NF (Sixth Normal Form)
    NORMALIZATION RULES
    • 1NF (First Normal Form) Rules
    • Each table cell should contain a single value.
    • Each record needs to be unique.

    • 2NF (Second Normal Form) Rules


    • Rule 1- Be in 1NF
    • Rule 2- Single Column Primary Key that does not functionally dependent on any subset of
    candidate key relation

    • 3NF (Third Normal Form) Rules


    • Rule 1- Be in 2NF
    • Rule 2- Has no transitive functional dependencies
    NORMALIZATION RULES
    • BCNF (Boyce-Codd Normal Form)
    • Even when a database is in 3rd Normal Form, still there would be anomalies resulted if it
    has more than one Candidate Key.
    • Sometimes is BCNF is also referred as 3.5 Normal Form.

    • 4NF (Fourth Normal Form) Rules


    • If no database table instance contains two or more, independent and multivalued data
    describing the relevant entity, then it is in 4th Normal Form.

    • 5NF (Fifth Normal Form) Rules


    • A table is in 5th Normal Form only if it is in 4NF and it cannot be decomposed into any
    number of smaller tables without loss of data.

    • 6NF (Sixth Normal Form) Proposed


    • 6th Normal Form is not standardized, yet however, it is being discussed by database
    experts for some time.
    NORMALIZATION - SUMMARY

    • Database designing is critical to the successful implementation of a database


    management system that meets the data requirements of an enterprise system.
    • Normalization in DBMS is a process which helps produce database systems that are
    cost-effective and have better security models.
    • Functional dependencies are a very important component of the normalize data
    process
    • Most database systems are normalized database up to the third normal forms in
    DBMS.

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