Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 3 views

    TAQATI Notes Unit 11 Industrial Systems

    Uploaded by

    anwarsubedar.in

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    TAQATI Notes Unit 11 Industrial Systems

    Uploaded by

    anwarsubedar.in
    3 views19 pages

    Original Title

    TAQATI notes Unit 11 Industrial Systems

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    3 views19 pages

    TAQATI Notes Unit 11 Industrial Systems

    Uploaded by

    anwarsubedar.in

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 19

    TAQATI NOTES FOR

    UNIT 11 INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS


    (Compressed Air Systems and Pump Systems)

    Why Bother?
    Industry uses most compressed air (CA)
     Larger compressors
     More end uses
     More complex systems
     Savings potential up to 30% often quoted
    Commercial/ Institutional buildings
     Smaller compressors for pneumatic controls

    TYPICAL COMMERCIAL BUILDING SYSTEM


    SAMPLE INDUSTRIAL LAYOUT

    Layout of industrial compressed air system

    COMPRESSED AIR SYSTEMS


    A SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM

    TYPICAL INDUSTRIAL SYSTEM


    INDUSTRIAL COMPRESSORS
    OTHER SUPPLY SIDE EQUIPMENT
    AIR SYSTEMS COMPONENTS MANAGEMENT

    1. Dryers: Further reduce dew point to avoid moisture in plant equipment

    2. Refrigerated: cools air to about 4 degree Celsius and reheats by pre-cooling incoming air. Thus,
    dew point around 4 C Not dry enough for many point around 4 C. Not dry enough for many plants.

    3. Desiccant: chemically removes moisture by saturating media which must be dried before reusing.
    Usually two stacks. Expensive but dew point around -23 C.

    4. Deliquescent: similar to desiccant but wet material is removed and replaced.

    COMPRESSED AIR USES

    AIR LEAKS AND STEAM LEAKS


    AIR AND STEAM LEAK CHARTS

    EXCESSIVE PRESSURE

    ARTIFICIAL DEMAND
    CONTROLS AND PRESSURE

    COMPRESSOR CONTROL STRATEGIES


    CONTROL OF MULTIPLE COMPRESSORS
    INAPPROPRIATE/ POOR USE

    TYPICAL INDSUTRIAL DEMAND


    OTHER DEMAND SIDE ISSUES

    A FEW ENERGY SAVING IDEAS


    AIR COMPRESSOR HEAT RECOVERY
    PUMP SYSTEMS
    PUMPING SYSTEMS

    WHY BOTHER WITH PUMPING SYSTEMS?


    TYPICAL PUMP SYSTEM

    PUMP SYSTEMS
    PUMP EQUATIONS

    SAMPLE PROBLEM ON PUMP


    CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
    SYSTEM ENERGY CONSERVATION

    PUMP AND SYSTEM CURVES


    CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS – EFFECT OF IMPELLER CURVES

    PUMP TYPE SUMMARY


    SAMPLE CEM QUESTIONS

    Q1. A 75 kW rotary screw air compressor (and motor) generates approximately how much heat as it
    compresses the air? Assume the air compressor only produces 10% of its input in the form of useful
    work with compressed air.
    (A) 1000 kJ/hr (B) 10,000 kJ/hr (C) 100,000 kJ/hr (D) 250,000 kJ/hr
    (E) 500,000 kJ/h

    Answer: (D) kJ/h = (75 kW)(3600 kJ/h/kW)(0.9) = 243,000 kJ/h

    Q2. Which of the following methods could be used to detect failed steam traps? (A) Ultrasonic
    equipment to listen to the steam trap operation (B) Infrared camera to detect the change in
    temperature (C) Real time MMS using conductance probes (D) All the above
    Answer: (D)

    Q3. Which of the following is not a positive displacement air compressor? (A) Helical compressor (B)
    Reciprocating compressor (C) Sliding vane compressor (D) Axial compressor (E) none of the above
    Answer :(D)

    Q4. How much will an air leak cost a facility annually in energy if it has a leak hole that is 6.35 mm in
    diameter at a pressure of 690 kPa and it goes unrepaired for three months? (based upon 7 cents per
    kWh) (A) $935.00 (B) $2390.00 (C) $1620.00 (D) $5390.00
    Answer: (C)

    Q5. If colder air flows into a compressor, generally- the efficiency of the compressor is:
    a. Reduced
    b. Improved
    c. Neither because the efficiency is not related to intake air.

    Answer = B: False. Colder air is more dense and dry, which reduces the work required by the
    compressor, thereby increasing the efficiency.

    Q6. It is not possible for heat recovery systems (heat exchangers) to reduce temperatures below the
    dew point temperature of the hot gas.
    a. True
    b. False

    Answer = B: False. When the flue gases temperatures are reduced below the dew point, they will
    condense… (lets hope that you have a condensing boiler).

    You might also like