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    The Effect of Temperature On Reaction Rate

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    The Effect of Temperature On Reaction Rate

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    The effect of temperature on reaction rate

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    The Effect of Temperature On Reaction Rate

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    chilekwamichael26

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    of 2

    COPPERBELT UNIVERSITY

    SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL SCIENCES


    1st Year Chemistry Experiment 4
    Reaction Kinetics – The effect of temperature on reaction rate
    The effect of temperature on reaction rate
    This experiment investigates the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction between sodium
    thiosulphate and dilute hydrochloric acid.
    Intended lesson outcomes
    By the end of this practical you should be able to:
    • measure the effect of temperature on a reaction rate;
    • represent your results graphically and draw conclusions;
    • explain, in terms of the collision theory, why temperature change affects the reaction rate.
    Background information
    When sodium thiosulphate reacts with hydrochloric acid, a precipitate of sulphur forms. The time
    taken for a certain amount of sulphur to form is used to measure the reaction rate. The sodium
    thiosulphate solution can be heated to different temperatures before hydrochloric acid is added, so
    the effect of increasing temperature can be measured. The effect of temperature increase on this
    reaction can be predicted using the collision theory. This theory says that for a reaction to occur,
    particles must collide with a certain minimum energy called the activation energy, EA. When
    temperature is increased, particles have increased kinetic energy and move around faster. There is
    therefore an increase in the frequency of collisions.
    Pre-Lab Question
    1 If sodium thiosulphate solution is heated, predict the effect of increasing the temperature on the
    rate of this reaction.
    Procedure
    1. Measure 10 cm3 of sodium thiosulphate solution and 40 cm3 of water into a conical flask.
    2. Measure 5 cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid in a 10 cm3 measuring cylinder.
    3. Warm the thiosulphate solution in the flask to the required temperature, as in Fig. 1.

    1
    Figure 1
    4. Put the conical flask over a piece of paper with a cross drawn on it.
    5. Add the acid and start timing. Swirl the flask to mix the contents. Take the initial temperature of
    the mixture and record it in a table like the one below.
    6. Repeat the experiment using different temperatures in the range 30 o C to 80o C. Remember that
    one of your experiments can be carried out at room temperature and so will not require heating.

    7. Look down on the cross from above. When the cross disappears, stop timing and note the time
    taken. Record the final temperature of the mixture in the flask.
    8. Immediately wash the solution down a sink with plenty of water.

    Processing your results


    For each set of results, calculate the average temperature and the value 1/time. 1/time can be
    taken as a measure of the rate for this reaction. Plot a graph of 1/time on the vertical (y) axis and
    average temperature on the horizontal (x) axis.

    Post-Lab Question
    2 What does the graph indicate about the effect of temperature on this chemical reaction?

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