(Please write your Exam. Roll No.) Exam. Roll No .

END TERM EXAMINATION'

FIRST SEMESTER (B. TECH.) - JANUARY 20.11
Paper Code: ETMA ~ 101 Subject: Applied Mathematics - 1
Paper 1D : 99101 (Batch: 2010)

Time: 3 Hours Maximum Marks: 75

Note: Attempt Five qu~stions in all. Q. No. 1 is compulsory. Attempt one question from each
unit.

-z: Q. 1. (a) Find thereal part of the principal value of i1og(l+i) (3)

1
(3)h
l i
00

I.
e
(b) Test the convergence of the s~ries . .xc- O
D
0=1
x 0 + x-n

Find all the asymptotes of the curve

N ew
,
(c)

y4 -2xy3 +2x 3y_ x 4 -'-3x 3+3x 2y+3xy2 - 3y3 -2xg2e

lle
+2y2 -1 = 0 (3).

C o
(d) Show that
n g
4 ri
e xe
log(1 +e ) = log 2+~+-. in
2
x x
2 g8
x
+ ...
n
--. (3)

E
192

n d ia
(e) If 1m," I~ f cos'" x sin n x dx , then show. that
e r n
o rth
N
.r-

m .
cas. x cas nx m
1m n =- +--. -.lm-1 n-1 . (3)
m+ n m+n . '.

(f) Find the length of the curve y =log see x between the points

IT
x=Oand x=-. (3)
3

P.T.O.
1

- '- ...-.--...-----------------~~-======'=='="~~~~-=- ..=--=~.=.-.=-.=.

-=--=--=.--=--=--=-- =--=---=-=~--:....:- ~=. ~. ~-
 (g) Fill in the blanks :
(i) Sum of eigenvalues of a matrix = of the matrix. (1)
(ii) Product of eigenvalues of A = . (1)
(iii) If A is an eigenvalue of A, then an eigenvalue of adj. A == .... (1)

(h) Prove that the eig;nvalues of a Hermitian Matrix are always real. (3)

(i) Solve : x2ydx-(x3+y3)dy=O (3)

UNIT - I
Q. 2. (a) Using De-Moivre's theorem, prove that
1 .
cas 69 + sin 6 9 = - (3 cos 49 + 5) (6)
8 .

lh i
e
(b) Discuss the convergence of the series

D
New
ge ,
;x>O (6)

olle
. (IT4+"2'8). . ng C
eri
Q. 3. (a) If u = log tan then show that

in e
n
9=-j log tan (IT +i~)
g
i E
a4 2
(6)

d
.

n I n
he r
t
r Find the interval of convergence
o(b).
,35

N . . ,
of the series x-~+~
3 S
-'-........ (6)

UNIT - II
. . -1
Q. 4. (a) If y = e m SIll x, then prove that

(1- x 2) Y 11+2 - (2n + 1) x y 11+1 - (n 2 + m 2) y 11 =0

and hence find the value of y 11 (0) (6) ,

(b) Find the surface area of the solid generated by the revolution of
the lemniscate r 2 = a2 cas 28 about the- initial line. (6)
 3asinecose
Q.5. (a) Trace the curve r = (6)
cos3-e+sin3e

(b) Find the curvature of x = 4 cas t, Y= 3sin t At what point on

ellipse does fhe curvature have greatest and least values? What
are magnitudes of greatest and least curvatures? (6)

UNIT - III

·ll
Q.6. (a) Reduce the following matrix into normal form and find its rank
2
A=
4' -I
1 0
;1 i
elh
o 3 1 4 (6)

D
. 0 1 0 2

e w
(b) Test whether the transformation
e , N
lle g
o
Y I =2x I + x2 + X3

g C
i n
Y2=xl+x2+2x3

ee r
in
Y3 = X 1- 2x 3

E nIfso,g find the inverse

ia
is non - singular. transformation. (6)

n d
I the values of A and fl such that the following equations
r n
e x + + z = 6, x + +,3z = 10 ,x + + Az =fl
Q, 7. (a) Determine

r t h
No
y 2y 2y

have (i) no solution, (ii) unique solution, (iii)an infinite number

of solutions. (6)

(b) Let A~H -2

3
-1
-
~
l3'
find a modal matrix' P and corresponding
,

spectral matrix D ofA. (6)

3 P TO.

---:------.~ ----- .... -- ------~- - ----

 UNIT - IV
Q. 8. (a) Solve using method. of variation of parameters
d2 - _
---y + 4y = tan2x (6)
dx2
- .
(b) Solve d 2y + 1dy. = 1216g x (6)
dx 2 x dx x2

dz z _ 2 2
Q.9. (a) Solve -+-Iogz=-(\ogz)
i
dx x x2

e l h
(6) _
(b) Solve the simultaneous- equations
w D
Ne
dx \
-+Sx-2y=t
ge ,
dt
lle
dy _
g Co
-+2x+y=O -
r i n
being given x = y = 0 when e0e
dt

gin
t= (6)

E n
di a
n I n •••
he r
o r t
N

-------------------------- - -------
(Please write your Exam. Roll No.) Exam. Roll No. ' .

END TERM EXAMINATION

FIRST SEMESTER (B. TECH.) -:-DECEMBER 2010
Paper Code: ETPII 103 Subject: Applied Physics - I,
Paper ID : 99103 (Batch.' 2004 - 2010)

Time: 3 Hours Maximum. Marks: 75

Note: (a) Attempt any Five questions in all, (b) Question No. .1 is compulsory, (c) Out of the
remaining questions (2 to 9) attempt One question from each unit. Missing data, if any, may be
ass limed suitably.

Q.1. (a) How would you obtain a sustained interference pattern with good
contrast? (2)

lh i
(b) What will happen if a wedge shaped film is placed in white light?
D e. (2)
(c) Explain why a compensating plate is needed in Michelson's
N ew
Interferometer?
g e , " (2)
(d) Compare (qualitatively) the resolving power and
o l lethe dispersive
power of two gratings (A ,and B) of sameC
r in g width but with different
number of lines.
n e
eunpolarized light from circularly
(3)

g i
polarized light? En
(e) How would you differentiate

iarotation a temperature dependent? Explain.

(2)

I n d
n
Is the specific (2)
r
(f)

(g) h
r t e
. Differentiate between spontaneous and stimulated emission. (2)

N o(h) What is the role of helium gas in He-Ne lasing? (2)

(i) What do you understand by modes in optical fibre, communication? (2)
What is the refractive index of the cladding if the numerical aperture
of an optical fibre is 0·5 and the core refractive index is 1·54? (2)
(k) Howwouldyou correlate the quality factor with theresonance? (2)
(1) Why you do not observe time dilation in day-to-day p~enomenon? , (2)

'P.T.O.
1
 UNIT-I

Q.2. (a) Explain the formation of fringes in Michelson's Interferometer with

suitable diagram. (5)
(b) How are the circular fringes of Michelson's Interferometer different
from Newton's rings? (4)
o
(c) Light of wavelength 5893 A is reflected at nearly normal incidence
from a-soap film of refractive index, (u) == 1·42. What is the least
thickness of the film that will appear (i) dark, (ii) bright. (3·5)

Q.3. (a) . Sketch the intensity distribution in case of Fresnel's diffraction at a

straight edge. Label various maxima and minima. Calculate the ratio
of fringe widths for third maxima to the third minima.
l h i (7)

D
(b) Each slit of a double slit has a width of 0·15 mm and distance betweene
their centres is 0·75 mm. What are the missing orders? ew
e N
, preferred? (2)
(3·5)

lle
(c) Explain why gratings with largernumber of lines g are

UNIT - II C
o
r i n g
(a) State and explain Brewster'se law. Use this law to show that when
ne
light is incident ongaitransparent
Q.4.

E n substance at the polarizing angle,

i
the reflecteda
dHuygen's theory of double refraction with ray diagrams. q)
and refracted rays are at right angle. (6)

n I n
her
(b) Explain

o rt (c) Calculate the thickness of half wave plate for sodium light
N (A. = 5893 A),
if ~l~ =·1-54 and the ratio of velocity of ordinary and
extra ordinary wave is 1·OQ7. Is this crystal positive or negative? (3·5).

Q.5. (a) Explain with the help of neat diagram, the construction and working
of Ramsden's eyepiece. In what way it is different from Huygen's
eyepiece? (6·5)
(b) How are chromatic and spherical aberrations minimised in Ramsden
and Huygeri's eye piece? Why is Huygcn's eyepiece referred to as a
theoretically perfect but experimentally negative eyepiece? (6)

2
 UNIT -III
Q.6. (a) Can we obtain light amplification in the absence of stimulated
emission? (4)
. (b)' Explain why laser action can not occur without population inversion
between atomic
"
levels. (4)
(c) Describe qualitatively 4-1evellaser scheme. Do you think energy
conservation is violated in lasing action? (4·5)

Q.7. (a) Explain the difference between the step-index fibre and graded-
index fibre. ' (4)
(b) What are. different types of attenuation losses in an optical fibl~e?
Explain dispersion mechanism in optical fibre. (4·5)

lh(4)i
(c) A fibre cable has an acceptance angle of 30° and a core index of
refraction of lA. Calculate the refractive index of the cladding.
D e
N ew
UNIT-IV
g e ,
(a) The quality factor of a damped oscillatoroisllS'O e x 10 After how
of C
Q.8. 4•

much time its energy falls to 1~th g

of oscillator is 300 Hz and,e
i n
r 10 2·30.
its initial value? The frequency

n e
of imotion for the fbrced oscillation and find out
log e = '. (4)
(b) Establish equation g
its solution.a E
n
di
(5)
I n
n frequency of the system both in presence of damping aswell
r
(c) Show that the amplitude resonance frequency is smaller thanthe

rt he natural

N o as in absence of damping. (3·5)

Q.9. (a) Show that no two velocities can be added to a value of more than
the velocity (c) of light. (4)
(b) An electron has an initial speed of 1-4 x 10811i/sec. How much
additional energy must be imported to it for its speed to double? (4)
(c) Show that space-time interval is Lorentz invariant. (4·5)

••••
3
(Please write your Exam. Roll No.). Exam. Roll No , .

END TERM EXAMINA TION

FIRST SEMESTER (B.'TECH.) .. DECEMBER 2010
Paper Code ,: ETCH-105 Subject .' Engineering, Chemistry
Paper IV : 99105 ".

Time: 3 Hours MaximumMarks : 75 '

Note: Q. No.1 is compulsory, Attempt any Four out of the remaining Five questions.

Q. 1. Attempt any FIVE sub-questions. (Give brief of them) :

ja) Priming and foaming.

lh i
(b) Lime-Soda process.
D e
e w
N
(c) Proximate and ultimate analysis.

ge ,
e
(d) Power Alcohol.
l l
Co
\

(e) van derWaals equation.

r i n g
ee
(ry Heat of Neutralization.

(g) Catalysis by metal salts.in

n g (5x 3 =.15)

i a E
I n d of EbTAmethbd to determine thehatdness of water. (5)
n about the scale-sludge problems in boilers and its prevention. (4)
Q.2. (a) Give details
r
(b) eWrite
o rt(c),h How do you remove silica from water?
N (3)
(d) What do you understand with colloidal conditioning of water? ' (3)'

Q.3. (a) Discuss the determination of calorific value of fuels by Bomb

Calorimeter. (4)
(b) Write about the fractional distillation of petroleum crude oil. (4)

, P.T.O.
1
 · (c) 0·72 gm ofa fuel containing 80% carbon, when burnt in a Bomb
calorimeter increased the temperature ofwater from 27·3°C to 29· 1°C.
If the calorimeter contains 250 gm of water and its water equivalent
is 150 gm calculatetheHf'V of the fuel. Report your answerin KJ / kg. (4)

(d) What do you 'Understand by catalytic cracking of fuels? (3)

Q.4. (a)' Report the postulates' of kinetic molecular theory of gases. (3)

(b) Comment on the Maxwell's law of distribution of molecular velocities. (4)

(c) Write about the non-ideal behaviour of real gases. (3)

(b) Discuss Linde's Process for the Iiquifactionofgases. (5)

e hi
l(3)
Q.5. (a) Illustrate Hess's law of constant heat summation.
D
New
,
(b) Given the heats offormation of CO(g), CO2(g) and H20(g) are

g e
l le
- 110·5, - 393·8 and - 241·8 I\J mol:' respectively.
o
Calculate heat of the reaction CO (g) +C
r n g H (g) -) CO(g) + H 0(g)
ireportitsapplications.
2 2 2
(4)

e
(c) State Kirchhoff's equation and
n e . (3)

n i
g Phase diagram and give its application in
E
(d) Discuss Pb - Ag system
ia
d
silver extraction. (5)

n I n
r
Q.6. (a) eReport the characteristics of catalysts.
rt(b)h Discuss the mechanism of enzymes action in regard of catalysis.
(4)

N o (5)
(c) Define phase, component and degree of freedom with suitable example.(3)

(d) Draw Phase diagram of Sulphur and explain it. (3)

••••

2
(Please write your Exam. Roll No.) Exam. Roll No .

END TERM EXAMINATION

FIRST SEMESTER (B. TECH.) - DECEMBER 2010
Paper Code: ETME - 107 Subject: Manufacturing Process
Paper tn : 99107
Time: 3 Hours Maximum Marks: 75
Note: Attempt Five questions including Q. No.·1 which is compulsory. Internal choice is indicated.

Q. 1. (a) What is a 'Pattern'? What are the different types of patterns?

(b) What are the desirable properties of moulding sand?
(c) What is the purpose of 'Riser'? What is a 'Blind Riser'?

l h i
e
(d) Compare the advantages and disadvantages of 'Drop forging" ,and
D
,

'Press forging',
e w
(e) Differentiate between 'Tapping' and 'Dieing' operations.
e , N
lle g
(f) How do you specify a 'Hacksaw'?
o
C in oxy-acetylene gas
r in
(g) What are the different types of flames g used

ne e
welding? Give their applications.
(h) What is the advantage gofi P.C. arc welding over A. C. arc welding?
E n
a of coating on the electrode?
What is the ipurpose
d
n
Ithe materials which are availablein the form of 'sheets'. How
(i)

r n
edo you specify a sheet? What is 'spring-back' in bending operation? (10x2·S)
h
(j) Name

o r t
N
Q. 2. (a) What is 'Pattem Allowance'? What are different pattern allowances?
Explain the purpose of (i) Riser, (ii) Gate, (iii). Core. (6·5)

(b) What are different casting defects? How do you testfor them? How
can they be avoided? (6)

.OR

1 P.T.O.
 (a) What is 'Die-casting'? Name some products which are made by
die-casting. How does air from the mould cavity escape in die-
casting process? Why risers are not used in die-casting? Why
ejector pins' are required in die-casting? (6,5)

(b) What is Chvorinov's rulein casting? Calculate the solidification time

for a 1000 mm diameter and 30 mm thick casting of aluminium if the
mould 'constant is 2 sec/rnm". (6)

Q. 3. (a) Sketch and briefly give the purpose of following forging operations:

i
(i) Upsetting (ii) Fullering (iii) Swaging. (6)

lh
I

D e
(b) Describe 'drop forging' with a neat labelled diagram ..What are 'open
die forging' and 'closed die forging'?
N ew (6·5)
g e ,
lle
OR
(a) Name four hand tools used in a fitting C
o
r i n g shop. Sketch them and give the
purpose for which they are e
e
ginwith sketches:
used. (6·5)

E n
a
(b) Describe the following

n i
d Plate,· (ii) Marking Block, (iii) Centre Punch.
r n I
(i) Surface (6) .

he
rt (a)
N o
Q. 4. How is 'welding' classified? Differentiate clearly between 'Soldering'
and 'Brazing'. (6)
, .
(b) Differentiate between 'Arc welding' and 'Resistance welding'. Describe
'Submerged Arc Welding' process with a diagram. (6,5)

OR

2
 (a) Describe 'Gas Welding (oxy-acetylene)' with diagram. How is acetylene
gas made by a roadside welder? (6)

(b) What are different -types of welded joints? How do you prepare the
edges for welding? How are electrodes specified? (6·5)
:""

Q. 5. (a) Describe 'spinning' process with the help of a labelled diagram. (6·5)

(b) Why "do you use a 'Mallet' instead of a 'Hammer' for sheet-metal.
work? Name 'few tools and equipments used in sheet-m~tal work. (6)
OR

lhi
(a) What are G I sheets? What is the' purpose of coating on the sheet? (6)

(b) Differentiate between 'Embossing' and 'Coining'.

D e(6·5)

New
•••• ge ,
olle
g C
er i n
n e
E ngi
i a
rn Ind
he
ort
i

3
(Please writeyour Exam Roll No.) EX(1m. Roll No .

END TERM EXAMINATION

FIRST SEMESTER (B.TECH.) - DECEMBER 2010
Paper Code: ETCS -109 Subject : Introduction to Computer
Paper ID : 27109

Time: 3 Hours Maximum Marks :75

Note : Attempt any Five questions in all. Q. No. 1is compulsory. Attempt any One question
from each unit. .

Q. 1. (a) Discuss the important features of 'micro, mini, mainframes and super
computers.
(b) What is Telnet? How does it work?

lh i
(c) List the services provided by the Internet. Explain the structure ofa .
D e
ew
URL.
(d)
e , N
Explain how memory protection and process allocation is done by

le g
(e) Distinguish between internet and WW W .ol
an operating system.

g C (5 x 5 = 25)

.. UNITr-in
n e e I

Q.2. (a) Draw a block diagram' toi illustrate the basic organization of a
ngexplain
computer systemE
computer d i a and the functions of various units of a

I n system.
n Find the hexadecimal equivalent of (1011001101)2
(6·5)

h e r
rt (ii) Find the decimal equivalent of(E6D1)J6
(b) (i) (6)

No (iii) Subtract 40-36 using 2's complement form.

(iv) Add 10000001 + 0110000l.
(v) Determine the hexadecimal equivalent of (5112) 10
(vi) Determine the binary equivalent of (SAF) 16

Q.3. (a) Discuss the characteristics of computers. List out the various
applications of computers. (6'5)

(b) Give the reasons as to why thebinary nti~fnbersystem is utilized for . (3) .
modern electronic digital computers.
(c) What are sign numbers and explain the conditions of overflow and
underflow by using the concept of 2's complement. (3)

P.T.O.
1
 UNIT - II
Q.4. (a) What is ail operating system? What are the functions of operating
system? (6)
(b) Explain the procedure of mail merge in MS WORD. (6'5)
Q.S; (a) Compare and. contrast various operating systems. '(6·5)
(b) Explain any One modem GUI based operatingsystem. (6)
. UNIT;. III
Q.6. (a) Explain theuse of AUTOCAD f01;engineering drawing practices. (6)
(b) Explain 2D drafting in AUTOCAD with examples. (6'5)

Q.7. Write short notes on the following:

(a) Solid-modeling
lh i
(b) Rendering
D e
(c) 2D drafti ng
N ew
g e ,
lletable: .
UNIT-IV
Q.8.
C o
(a) Write HTML code for creating the following (6)

Class ng DOB
Adm. No. Name
e r i Percentage
AIOI Sujata
g ine12A 09108/1984 78

E n 12A 12/0711983
a
Al03 di Ananth
AI02 Anju 82

I n 12C 07/08/1984 67

h e rnWhat are unordered and ordered lists? Explain with the help of an
rt example.
(b)
o
N (c) 'What are key issues and challenges in designing a website?
(3)
(3·5)

Q.9. (a) Explain in detail: (2x3=6)

1. Different Style Sheets
2. Different tags and attributes to create HTML table
3. Image Maps
(b) Write a descriptive note on Search Engines. (3)
(c) How are images and hyperlinks created in HTML?Explain with an
example, (3·5)
• •••
2
(Please write jour Exam. Roll No.) Exam, Roll No .

END TERM EXAMINATION

FIRST SEMESTER (B. TECH.) - DECEMBER 2010
Paper Code : ETEL - 111 Subject: Communication Skills - I
Paper ID : 99111 (Batch :2004 - 2010)

Time:3 Hours. Maximum Marks: 75

Note: Attempt all questions, as per internal choice given if any.

Q. 1. . Do as directed :

(a) Fill.in the blanks: (5)

(i) The audience (is I are) restless .:

l h i
(ii) The committee of scientists (was I were) from several
D e
scientific disciplines.
e w
e , N
g
(iii) A number of test tubes ; (is I are) on the table .
.(iv) ~ : (Its! It's) fur is fuzzy.'
o lle
g C
i n
(v) A dog knows '.(its I it's) master.

ee r
in
(i) John and myselfng
(b) Correctthe following sentences: (10)

E
iais sweet.
will go home.

n d
I sale, carowned by lady with dent inrear.
(ii) . The sugar

e r n
r t h (iii) For
o (iv) Inside of the park, many animals lived .
N
.(v) The argument was between he and 1.
(vi) The. group Was comprised of a manager and five programmers.
(vii) The consensus of opinion is that the job will not be entirely
finished until October.
(viii) All of the necessary decisions were not included in the
functional specification.
(ix) The boss told Jones he had problems.
(x) A majority of the' shareholders wants the merger.

1 P.T.O.

-------- - ---,-. --~.--.,-- .. ~-

 (c), Add suffixes to .the following words to transform them into nouns
often used in technical writing : (Any 5) (5)
(i) accurate (ii) drain . (iii) maintain
(iv) assist "'-,(v) construct - (vi) - emit

(d) Read the passage below and answer the questions: (5)
Animals, are great builders, they use simple materials but employ
- .-.
sound engineering principles. Men have used suspension bridges
_made of ropes; steel and concrete which bear loads in tension. The
web of spiders provides the mostvivid example of animal structures
built entirely in tension. Spider-web silk is so strong that many
species of birds use ~tto build their nests. Unlike -steel, .silkcan
l h i
stretche to more than twice its original length before breaking.
D e
e w
Beavers, too, are natural engineers. They use tree branches to

e , N
construct dams, the divided end is pressed into the walls and this

lle g
o
makes the dam strong enough to withstand the pressure of water.

g C
inproviding support or by making
Constructing a very thick wall is uneconomical. Strength could

e r
of e
also be provided to a thin wall by
the base wide. The nestin
g the termite Amitermes meridionalis is
n high with a wide base, which 'tapers at the
a E
mote than two meters
i greater resistance to wind forces.
top. This d
n I n ensures

he r a suitable title for the passage.

t
1. Write

N or 2. Which three aspects of engineering are touched upon in this

passage?
3. Wha-t do spider-web silk and bridges have in common?
4. What can we learn from a spe~ies of termites?
5. Pick out the words which are the antonyms of -
-(a) thin
(b) - economical

2
Q. 2. Explain whether the verbs and infinitives in each of the following sentences
convey the right meaning; if not, change them to a better form ': (2x 7= 14)

1. I gave one quarter to Ann, meaning, on my return, to have divided

with her whatever might remain - De Quincey.
~..
2. I can't sketch" The Five Drapers," ... but can look and be thankful
to have seen such a masterpiece. -', Thackeray.
3. He would, have-done more wisely to have left them to find their own
apology than .to have given reasons which seemed paradoxes.
- R. W. Church.
4. The propositions of William are stated to have contained a proposition
fora compromise. -' Palgrave.
l h i
D
5_ But I found I wanted a stock of words, which I thought I should havee
acquired before that time. - Franklin.
N ew
I could even have suffered them to have broken g e , Ducking's
lle
6. Everet
head. - Irving. o
C again.- Macaulay.
n
7. ' I had hoped never to have seen ithe
r g
e
statues

in e
g
Q. 3. (a) Give the antonymsnof thefollowing words: (Any 5)
i E
a (ii) heap,
(5)

n d
(i), integral
Iregal
(iii) accomplice

e r n
(iv) (v) abrupt (vi)' abundant

o h
rt(b)
N What do you understand by Indianisms? Give examples to explain. (7)

'OR
Make sentences with the following phrasal verbs: (Any 7)
(i) put up with (ii) blow up (iii) do away with
(iv) put on (v) come across (vi) come clean
(vii) cut across (viii) cut through

P,T.O,
3

--- __ '---,--,--,==-=- __, _--~ ~, '- __ -~__-~--_ -~,-----C'----

Q. 4. (3) Give the technical description of any One of the following: (7)
A computer, a CD, a pen-drive, a pair ofpliers.

- (b) Punctuate the following : (5)

. (i) The children) books were all left in the following places; Mrs
Smith's 'room, Mr Powell's office and the caretaker's cupboard.
(ii) Sarah's uncle's car was found without its wheels in that old
derelict warehouse.
(iii) The potion ~ontained : cheese, snails and lucozade.
(iv) My wife a wonderful woman makes a delicious curry.
(v) , "That cake looks delicious," she said, "Where can I get the
recipe?"

l h i
Q. 5.· Answer any TWO of the following questions :
D
(6x2=12)e
w
e are
(i) How does C. P. Gilmore begin his article, "After 63 Years, Why
e N
, in detail. '
g
lle wihtout the
they still Testing Einstein?" and in which tense? Explain

C o
g
(ii) In "Star Wars: The Leaky Shield," Carl Sagan writes

e r in and scientists. Discuss

nefor this style.
formal stiltedness typical among academics

n g
why and the reasons he givesi
i a E
d
(iii) Why and how did Bill Moss design tents?
n
(iv) Describe IMichael Rogers' reporting on 'eclipse freaks' in
h e rn
o rt "Totality - A Report".
N
•••