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Graphical Details

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6 views7 pages

Graphical Details

Uploaded by

Rubel Hossain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LP graphical method

Problem plus solution

Maximization problem-graphical method

Objective function:
Max Z = 100 X1 + 80 X2
Subject to constraints: ≤ indicates below areas
6 X1 + 4 X2 ≤ 7200 ≥ indicates below areas
2 X1 + 4 X2 ≤ 4000
X1, X2 ≥ 0

Solution:
Converting inequalities into equalities

6 X1 + 4 X2 = 7200………………………………(1)
2 X1 + 4 X2 = 4000………………………………(2)

From equation (1), we get


X1 X2
0 1800
1200 0

From equation (2), we get


X1 X2
0 1000
2000 0

Representing constraint lines on graph, we get

2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
X2

1000
800
600
400
200
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
X1

1
LP graphical method
Problem plus solution

Equation (1) - (2), we get

6 X1 + 4 X2 = 7200
2 X1 + 4 X2 = 4000
(-) (-) (-)
4x1 = 3200
Or, x1 = 800

Putting the value of x1 in equation (1), we get.


6*800+4x2= 7200
Or, 4x2 = 7200 – 4800
Or, x2 = 2400/4
Or, x2 = 600

(x1, x2) = (800, 600)

Corner points Objective function


(x1, x2) Z = 100 X1 + 80 X2
(0, 0) Z = 100*0 + 80*0 = 0
(0, 1000) Z = 100*0 + 80*1000 = 80, 000
(800, 600) Z = 100*800 + 80*600 = 1, 28, 000
(1200, 0) Z = 100*1200 + 80*0 = 1, 20, 000

Optimal combination is x1 = 800 and x2 = 600

Optimal Profit, Z = 100*800 + 80*600


= 1, 28, 000

2
LP graphical method
Problem plus solution

Minimization problem- graphical problem

≤ indicates below areas


≥ indicates below areas

Minimize (costs) Z = 3x1 + 2x2


subject to the constraints
5x1 + x2 ≥ 10,
x1 + x2 ≥ 6,
x1 + 4x2 ≥ 12
x1, x2 ≥ 0.

Solution:
Converting inequalities into equalities,
5x1 + x2 = 10……………………………………(1)
x1 + x2 = 6……………………………………….(2)
x1 + 4x2 = 12……………………………………..(3)

From equation (1), we get


x1 x2
0 10
2 0

From equation (2), we get


x1 x2
0 6
6 0

From equation (3), we get


x1 x2
0 3
12 0

Representing constraint lines on graph, we get

3
LP graphical method
Problem plus solution

Equation (1) - (2), we get

5 X1 + X2 = 10
X1 + X2 = 6
(-) (-) (-)
4x1 =4
Or, x1 =1

Putting the value of x1 in equation (1), we get.


5*1+x2= 10
Or, x2 = 10 – 5
Or, x2 = 5

(x1, x2) = (1, 5)

Equation (3) - (2), we get

X1 + 4X2 = 12
X1 + X2 = 6
(-) (-) (-)
3x2 = 6
Or, x2 = 2

Putting the value of x2 in equation (2), we get.


x1+ 2 = 6
Or, x1 = 4

(x1, x2) = (4, 2)

4
LP graphical method
Problem plus solution

Corner points Objective function


(x1, x2) Z = 3x1 + 2x2
(0, 10) Z = 3*0 + 2*10 = 20
(1, 5) Z = 3*1 + 2*5 = 13
(4, 2) Z = 3*4 + 2*2 = 16
(12, 0) Z = 3*12 + 2*0 = 36

Optimal combination of products: x1 = 1 and x2 = 5

Minimum costs, Z = 3*1 + 2*5


= 13

5
LP graphical method
Problem plus solution

Maximization but mixed constraints-graphical method

Maximize profit, Z= 15x + 10y


6 X1 + 4 X2 ≤ 7200
2 X1 + 4 X2 ≤ 4000

Subject to constraints,
4x + 6y ≥ 360
3x ≤ 180
5y ≤ 200
x, y ≥ 0

Solution:

Converting inequalities into equalities,


4x + 6y = 360…………………………………………………………. (1)
3x = 180…………………………………………………………………. (2)
5y = 200…………………………………………………………………. (3)
From equation (1), we get
x y
0 60
90 0

From equation (2), we get


3x=180
Or, x=60

From equation (3), we get


5y=200
Or, y=40

6
LP graphical method
Problem plus solution
70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
x

From equation (2), we put the value of x=60 in equation


4*60 + 6y = 360
Or, 6y = 120
Or, y = 20
(x, y) = (60, 20)
From equation (3), we put the value of y=40 in equation
4x + 6*40 = 360
Or, 4x = 120
Or, x = 30
(x, y) = (30, 40)

Corner points Objective function


(x, y) Z = 15x + 10y
(30, 40) Z = 15*30 + 10*40 = 850
(60, 20) Z = 15*60 + 10*20 = 1100
(60, 40) Z = 15*60 + 10*40 = 1300

Optimal combination of products: x1 = 60 and y = 40

Optimal Profit, Z = 15*60 + 10*40


= 1300

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