AUTONOMOUS UNIVERSITY OF SANTO DOMINGO (UASD)

Faculty of Humanities
School of Psychology

Cognitive Processes (PSI-2480) W06

Final work

Requested by:
Vladimir Rodriguez

Group N° :
6

Supported by:
Anyi M. Guzmán Mercedes – 100588295
Benny R. Martínez – 100603456
Josilenny Evangelista A. – 100588199

May 8, 2022
Santiago, Dominican Republic
INTRODUCTION
In this work we will analyze several concepts of great importance for the development of this project, we will
learn a little more about the basic cognitive process which consists of the mental operations carried out by the
brain, and we will also see other concepts such as perception, attention, memory. and awareness, these are
activities that are usually understood as psychological processes and that are of great importance for carrying
out this work.

Finally, several activities are carried out on visual perception, this consists of visual tracking, the attention
activity which consists of focal attention. The activity of memory will be analyzed, this is an exercise that is
responsible for verifying immediate memory with words. The activity of consciousness serves to evaluate the
level of consciousness. The language activity, decision-making activity, problem-solving activity of deductive
and abductive reasoning were also analyzed, such as fallacy error reasoning that can be identified as a
worthless argument or false beliefs such as in reasoning among others that We hope it meets the
expectations of you reading this work.

DEVELOPMENT
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
Basic Cognitive Processes

Cognitive processes are the mental operations that the brain performs to process information. Through
these operations, the brain works with the information around it, stores it and analyzes it to make the
corresponding decisions. Their influence on behavior makes them essential for adaptation to the social
environment and survival.

These processes are what allow the brain to process the information that comes to it from the senses,
register it, retrieve it when necessary and, above all, learn.

Cognitive processes, also called cognitive functions, include basic aspects, such as perception and
attention, and more elaborate ones, such as thinking. Any activity we do, such as reading, washing dishes or
riding a bicycle, involves cognitive processing.

This happens with most of our daily activities , so when any of these cognitive functions suffer damage, the
ability to perform certain activities is impaired. https://www.becas-santander.com/es/blog/processes-
cognitives.html#:~:text=Los%20processes%20cognitivos%20son%20las,para%2 0take % 20las
%20decisiones%20correspondientes .

Each and every one of the cognitive processes that we carry out are fundamental when it comes to achieving
our adaptation to the social environment, and even our survival, through its influence on behavior. We have to
think that every physical or mental act we carry out, from picking up a piece of cutlery to eat to singing in the
shower, kissing someone or simply writing this article, means that we have processed a series of information
and that we are operating with it. https://psicologiaymente.com/psicologia/processes-cognitivos

Perception

It is a basic cognitive process (but not simple) and one of the most important operations in information
processing. Perception is not a simple process, as it is actually the result of other complex processes, many
of which escape our awareness. One of the purposes of perception is to inform us about the properties of the
environment that are vital to our survival. Another purpose is to help us act in relation to the environment.

Through perception we can organize the information received and interpret it in a meaningful way. Each
person perceives the world differently because each person develops a unique and individual interpretation.
The identification of perception as a complex process derives from the fact that it can be influenced by our
knowledge, memories and expectations. In this sense, perception is understood as a subjective state.

That is, perception INCLUDES the interpretation of the sensation, giving it meaning and organization. Use
experience and memory. It is a subjective and human process.
https://aprendiendodepsico.wordpress.com/2015/09/22/los-processes-cognitivos-percepcion/

Visual Perception can be defined as the ability to interpret the information that light from the visible spectrum
reaches our eyes. The result of the interpretation that our brain makes about this information is what we know
as visual perception, sight or vision. https://www.cognifit.com/do/habilita-cognitiva/percepcion-
visual#:~:text=La%20percepci%C3%B3n%20visual%20se%20 may,percepci%C3%B3n%20visual%2C
%20vista %20o%20visi%C3%B3n .

Attention

Attention could be defined as the ability to generate, select, direct and maintain an adequate level of
activation to process relevant information. In other words, attention is a process that takes place at a cognitive
level and that allows us to orient ourselves towards those stimuli that are relevant, ignoring those that are not,
in order to act accordingly. https://www.bitbrain.com/es/blog/atencion-cognitiva-concentracion

Psychology also considers attention as a quality of perception that functions as a kind of filter of stimuli,
evaluating which characteristics are most relevant in order to prioritize the level of importance, leading to
deeper processing of information. https://psicopedia.org/7179/atencion-process-activa-del-aprendizaje/

Memory

Memory is the cognitive function that allows us to encode, store and retrieve information from the past.
Memory is a basic process for learning and is what allows us to create a sense of identity.
https://www.cognifit.com/do/cognicion#:~:text=LA%20MEMORIA%20COMO%2 0PROCESO
%20COGNITIVE, create%20un%20sentido%20de%20identidad .
Higher Cognitive Processes

Awareness

Consciousness is not usually considered a particular type of mental process, but rather as the knowledge
of our cognitive processes accompanied by our inner voice. Consciousness checks our memory and
makes us realize our intention to act in one way or another towards a specific objective.
https://www.psicoadapta.es/blog/que- son-los-processes-mentales/

Language

Language is the ability we have to express thoughts and feelings through words. It is the tool we use to
communicate and to organize and transmit the information we have about ourselves and the world. Language
and thought develop in parallel and are closely related, influencing each other.
https://www.cognifit.com/do/cognicion

Complete Cognitive Processes

Decision

For psychologists, decision corresponds to the final stage of a reasoning process aimed at solving problems,
as well as the undertaking of options that can substantially modify the course of events.

The decision is usually related to dilemmas, situations, in which people have reasons to follow more than one
possibility. Therefore, some decisions may be more dilemmatic than others. In any case, every decision
implies a transformation or direct change and poses new challenges for the future.

The word decision, in addition to its common use, contains several areas of application, such as legal, social
and community. https:/ /www.si g nificados.com/decision/

Troubleshooting.

According to D Zorrilla and collaborators (1973,1982;1999), problem solving is the self-directed cognitive-
behavioral process through which a person attempts to identify or discover effective or adaptive solutions to
specific problem solutions encountered in life.

According to these authors, the general ability to solve problems includes a series of specific skills, along with
motivation, attitude and the assessment we make of those problems. https//ww.Arca Human research,
innovation and experience in psychology
Human Reasoning

Inductive Reasoning

It is a logical thinking process in which you use observations and experiential information that you already
know to inform decisions and reach logical conclusions, when you analyze a specific set of data and
information to form general conclusions based on existing knowledge from learning experiences. past is
implementing inductive reasoning.

Inductive reasoning is limited because it establishes theories based only on limited evidence or knowledge.
Because it limits the basis on which the hypothesis lies it can prove to limit the number of possible outcomes
as well. https://ww.Indeed career guidance

Deductive reasoning.

When we talk about deductive reasoning, we refer to a type of argument in which a general premise leads to
a specific conclusion. The premise is that deductive argument that, because it is a law, a rule or a general
principle, is accepted as truth. In short, deductive reasoning is that which starts from premises that
necessarily lead to a conclusion.

The conclusions of deductive reasoning do not provide new information, but only confirm the premise.
Furthermore, this is one of the main types of inductive and abductive reasoning. https://www.gradior.es/que-
es-el-razónamiento-deductivo/

Reasoning Error (Fallacy)

A fallacy is a reasoning that, despite looking like a valid argument, is not. This is, therefore, a line of reasoning
that is erroneous, and the inferences presented as a result of these cannot be accepted.
https://psicologiaymente.com/inteligencia/tipos-falacias-logicas- argumentativas

Hypothesis Testing

A hypothesis test is a rule that specifies when a claim about a population can be accepted or rejected
depending on the evidence provided by a sample of data. https://www.addlink.es/noticias/minitab/2852-que-
es-una-proba-de-hypotesis

Propositional Reasoning

It is what is made from propositions or verbal statements that include various logical connectives such as
conjunction, disjunction, equivalence or the conditional. The conjunction is a basic and very simple connective
through which we join 2 statements. https://psikipedia.com/libro/psicologia-del-desarrollo-2/2025-conceptos-y-
teorias-basicas-en-el-razonamiento-deductive
Syllogistic Reasoning

Syllogistic reasoning studies deductive inferences made with propositions that have quantifiers of quantity
(universal, particular) and polarity (affirmative, negative). The syllogistic argument is made up of two premises
and a conclusion in which a new relationship is established between the propositions through the middle term.
https://http//psicologia.isipedia.com// Segundo/psicologia- del-pensamiento/04- deductive-reasoning

Relational Reasoning

Relational reasoning refers to a body of strategies upon which the human mind's ability to identify meaningful
patterns within any flow of information is based. https://www.practicumscript.education/actualidad-practicum-
script/el-reasoning-relational-may-improve-el-desempeno-clinico-y-evitar-errores-medicos

EMPIRICAL FRAMEWORK

Name of the investigation (chosen option): Process after giving birth

General Patient Information: Maite Ceballos
Clinical History: (collection of information about the patient)
Personal Data: Maite Ceballos
Date of Birth: 06/12/1996
Current age: 25 years, 9 months
Address: Los Alcarrizos – La piña
Marital Status: Free Union
Identity Card: 10600034416

Profession: Lic.
Accountant

Phone: 829-146-9866

Dominican nationality

Current date: 03-28-2022

Observations on this first evaluation:

In what context is this patient? Newborn (After giving birth).

Advance 1: Evaluate Perception, Attention and Memory

Cognitive Processes to Evaluate
Perception, Attention and Memory
Resources and Instruments to Evaluate Laptop, Cell Phone, Google Meet Application.
What instruments (exam, tests, scale, interview,
questionnaire, technological applications) they
have
implemented?
Procedures Evaluation 1. Visual Tracking (Varied Figure Network):
As they carried to cape the process Ex. 1; The figure is located in the fifth row in
to assess these cognitive problems? Explain the first column.
the steps they took. Ex. 2; The figure is located in the fourth row
in the fourth column.
Ex. 3; The figure is in the third row in the
fourth column.

2. Focal Attention (Identification; pictures

with geometric figures): The patient
observed the image presented very
carefully, after a few minutes she managed
to identify the image, so she answered that
the figure that was identical to the one above
was the one that was in position number 6 of
the third row located in the third column.

3. Immediate Memory with Words

(Pictures with Words): The patient looked
at the picture, when she was ready, she
notified us to close her eyes at that moment
and begin the activity. After reciting the
words from the first painting, she did not
make a mistake, she managed to recite the
words in the correct order.
In the second frame, he was unable to
complete the activity, since he could only
remember up to the second word.

Findings I Results The patient's cognitive faculties have been very

What problems did they encounter? Summarize good so far. With a little lack of concentration to
the details of the problems encountered. distinguish between the words of the last evaluation.
Critical Opinion of the Group Anyi: Results that we expected to obtain, with some
What do you think of these results? Because? Give difficulties.
 your opinion and argue. The patient does not suffer from any pathology, and
so far she has not had any difficulties with her vision,
but at the time of the memory evaluation we could
notice that she was a little distracted by some things
that she had to solve with limited time.
Josilenny: During this process the patient was in
good condition, she did not have any complications
in relation to her vision, but in relation to her memory
she seemed a little tense and pensive.

Advance 2: Evaluate Consciousness and Language

Cognitive Processes to Evaluate

Awareness Language
Resources and Cellular, Google Meet App, Laptop, Cell Phone, Google Meet
Instruments to Evaluate Cellular Application.
That instruments (exam,
tests, scale,
interview,
questionnaire, technological
applications) they have
implemented?

Phonological Awareness. In this Unfinished Prayers.

Procedures of exercise, the patient is presented The exercise shows a list of unfinished
with a series of pictograms with sentences to work on language, so that the
the name below, patient finishes them. The first thing we do is
that is missing letters. Where the read aloud the first part of the sentence,
patient will have to complete the then the patient must finish the sentence to
words and then read it out loud complete the exercise.
high.

Assessment

As they carried to

carry out the process to

appreciate these
these

Issues

cognitive? Explain

the steps they took and

because they did it

that way.

After analyzing the patient's Based on the answers given by the patient,
Findings and/or responses, we were able to we consider that her language is in good
Results What determine that her phonological condition since she had the ability to give
problems did they awareness is in good condition logical and correct answers throughout the
encounter? since she managed to complete activity.
Summarize the details of the the words with the correct
problems encountered. letters and was also able to
Explain them and recite them later.
argue. to complete them.
 Anyi: I found it very effective, it was Anyi: The patient did well, as she
good at determining the test and had seemed very confident throughout the
very good approaches. entire process.

Josilenny: The patient had very good Josilenny: He showed himself in a

results and was able to be very confident way from the beginning, and
efficient. he remained...

Critical Opinion of
each Researcher.
What do you think of
these results?
Because? Give your
opinion and argue.
Opinion of each
researcher.

Advance 3: Evaluate Decision Making and Problem Solving

Cognitive Processes to Evaluate

Decision making Troubleshooting

Resources Cellular, Google Meet App, Laptop, Cell Phone, Google Meet
Cellular Application.
and Instruments to
Evaluate
That instruments
(exam, tests,
scale, interview,
questionnaire,
technological
applications) they
have
implemented?

Procedures of Riddle. Labyrinth.

We design two riddles that The patient was shown an image
Assessment
consisted of making a decision where it contained a labyrinth
As they carried
to
basing ourselves in three that showed four roads
carry out the process
possible
to
options to choose from, being some distinct but intertwined, with a
appreciate these
these
easier than the others, but with the only correct path to reach the
Issues
in order to get people thinking and final goal and take the gift. Through
cognitive? Explain
working
patient, for assess his the video call we show the
the steps they took
and
ability to make decisions. patient the image projected to
because they did it
through the screen, and the same
that way.
for two minutes the
activity.
The patient chose the option that It could be said that the patient has
Findings seemed most correct in terms of good problem-solving skills. She
the situations presented, so we can solved it in less than a minute with
and/or Results What deduce that the patient is a person much more skill than expected.
problems did they who is capable of making decisions
encounter? for herself and alone. As we have seen before, the
Summarize the identification of the problem is the first
details of the No matter how determined we are thing we must take into consideration
problems to thanks to the fact that it
encountered. moment when we are forced or will take you to the end and is of great
Explain them have to take a

and argue.
 decision taking into account that helps to solve any problem, because
this will not always turn out to be if we do not know what the objective
the correct one, it is important to is then we will not know how to
decide on one because at the end proceed with the problem.
of everything it is
our obligation.
1. Anyi: Although you were 1. Anyi: Results taken into
able to solve the riddles consideration before
easily, I consider that in evaluating the patient. We
daily life there may be things placed a maze that is easy to
that make it difficult for you visualize, so the patient was
to decide quickly. Every very clever in finding the gift.
human being has situations The maze is a good tool to get
and although these are our brain to think.
presented in the same way, 2. Brenny: The results were
Critical Opinion of they are not the same for successful when evaluating the
each Researcher. everyone when making a patient, she was able to find the
What do you think of decision. Each one has the gift without problems, tools that
these results? option to decide on what we use are very important for
Because? Give your best suits or fits our life, she the brain and mind.
opinion and argue. could choose any color, but
3. Josilenny: The patient was very
Opinion of each she chose the one that
intelligent when performing this
researcher. contained the best option for
procedure, since she was able
her.
to find the gift without any
2. Brenny: The patient was
problem.
able to handle herself very
well when making the
decision, and the most
important thing was that she
was able to choose the
option that suited you best.
3. Josilenny: I consider that the
most important thing was
that the patient opted for the
decision that seemed most
correct and when choosing
he did it perfectly.
Advance 4: Evaluate Inductive, Deductive and Abductive Reasoning

Cognitive Processes to Evaluate

Inductive Reasoning Deductive reasoning

Resources and Cell phone, Google Meet Cell phone, Application
Instruments to application, Laptop, WhatsApp Google Meet, Laptop,
Evaluate WhatsApp
What instruments
(exam, tests,
scale, interview,
questionnaire,
technological
applications) have
implemented?
The exercise shows three In this exercise, the patient is asked
figures, where figure 1 has 4 to reconstruct a multiplication
cubes, figure 2 has 7 and figure where each asterisk (*) represents
Evaluation
has 10. a figure, after which she must
Procedures
The training rule used to obtain calculate the sum of the figures of
How did you carry
these results was the following: the product.
out the process to
assess these
No. cubes in fig. n= 3n + 1
cognitive problems?
Explain the steps
they took and why
Therefore, the patient is asked
they did it that way.
to calculate the number of
cubes in figure 21.
 Based on the answers given by After analyzing the patient's
the patient, we consider that her responses, we were able to determine
Findings and/or level of inductive reasoning is in that her deductive reasoning is in a
Results What good condition since she had the medium state, since she had difficulty
problems did you ability to give logical and correct carrying out the exercise the first time.
find? answers throughout the activity She remained thoughtful and after a
Summarize the where she established that figure few minutes she was able to deduce
details of the 21 has 64 cubes. that the sum of the product of that
problems Described by Sgte. manner: multiplication was 19.
encountered.
Explain
them and No. cubes in fig. 21 = 3 (21) + 1
argue.
Anyi: Good management, starting Anyi: Despite your profession, it is
from the particular to the general confirmed that we all have the right to
with examples expressed in make mistakes at some point, but we
cubes, using logic. He seems to have the privilege of looking at the
be a person with a lot of agility in problem again and trying to find a
thinking and reasoning who I think solution or direct solution. I consider
is very good at analyzing the that it is a good exercise for any test,
problem to get to the end of it. being able to show it in different
areas.
Critical Opinion of Josilenny: He had excellent
each Researcher. management and Josilenny: In this part, like any other,
What do you think development, since he was she had her difficulties when carrying
of these results? able to observe this issue very out this exercise, she seemed a little
Because? Give your well. pensive, but later she was able to
opinion and argue. He was able to argue in a very determine this exercise.
Opinion of each good way and that is the most
researcher. important thing. Brenny: the patient had a little
difficulty during the evaluation
Brenny: the patient managed because she was distracted and
very well when observing the thoughtful,
figures. It had very good results
and the
 ability to give logical and and the solution could be found, but
correct answers. it worked very well.

Abductive Reasoning

Laptop, Cell Phone, Google Meet Application, WhatsApp

The exercise consists of two premises that are given to

the patient, where she must determine its conclusion
through abductive reasoning.

The premises are:

● Premise: All trucks suffer from overweight.

● Premise: José is a truck driver.

Based on the patient's response, where she establishes
that the conclusion to the premises is: José must be
overweight. We can determine that the reasoning
The patient's abductive nerve is in good condition,
 who responded precisely and in record time to what was
expected.

Anyi: Due to his reasoned development, he has good

abduction management, as is what is put into practice
when completing the exercise presented.

Josilenny: During the exercise he was able to perform

very well, so I consider him a person with great agility and
good handling.

Brenny: according to the data obtained, the patient is

In good condition, handled well and responded accurately
and efficiently

Advance 5: Evaluate Fallacies and Hypothesis Testing

Cognitive Processes to Evaluate

Fallacies Hypothesis testing

Resources and Cellular, Google Meet Application, Laptop, Cell Phone, Google Meet
Instruments to Evaluate Cellular, WhatsApp, Premises Application, WhatsApp, Hypothesis
That instruments
(exam, tests, scale,
interview, questionnaire,
technological applications)
have they implemented?
The patient is asked to determine A hypothesis is proposed to the
what the type of fallacy is and what patient where it is established that
word is used within the proposed "Children have a higher IQ if they
premise. eat fish over a period of time."

Premise: “Death is the end of life, An alternative hypothesis that says:

therefore, life must have death as
"Children who eat fish for six
Procedures its end.”
months will show a higher IQ than
those who do not."
Evaluation The patient determined that the
How did you carry out the type of fallacy within the premise is
process to assess these relevance and that the word with
cognitive which
problems? Explain the what is played is life.
steps they took and why
They did it that way.
The patient is asked to, based on
this hypothesis, raise the null
hypothesis corresponding to the
stated premise, to which she
responded:
 ¨Children who eat fish for six
months do not show an increase in
IQ
with respect to those who do not do
it¨.
Based on the analysis carried out Based on the answer given by the
on the answers given by the patient we can say that this was
patient, we can determine that she correct, since according to a study
is wrong in both answers, therefore, Children fed fish show an increase
Findings I her knowledge about the fallacies is from 100 to 106.
wrong.
Results What
problems did they
The corresponding answers to
encounter? Summarize
these questions are: The type of
the details of the problems
fallacy is ambiguity and is played
encountered. Explain them
with the ambiguity of the meaning.
and argue.
of the word "end".
Anyi: After the journey we have Anyi: It is very important to know
taken in these advances in the firsthand what hypotheses are and
different cognitive processes in how they can be handled in the
humans, different results, both most appropriate way and with
positive and negative, will always great precision to address what is
be seen in order to determine the presented before us. I understand
results in the findings that are that you have handled this example
Critical Opinion of each determined by observing the better because perhaps it is clearer
Researcher. responses of our patient, it can be or easier than the one we gave you
What do you think of these seen that In this case he did not in the fallacies, or perhaps you have
results? Because? Give have a good handle on fallacies already studied that information and
your opinion and argue. and perhaps that was why he did have a good understanding of it.
Opinion of each not get his answers right. It was
researcher. obvious to find the answer thanks Brenny: can say that
to the fact that the only word that is the
repeated twice patient was correct based on the
answers given, we consider that
 between the two premises has been its level of hypothesis testing is in
the word “end”. good state,
was
correct throughout the activity
Brenny: In the interview, the patient
seemed very peaceful, as she Josilenny: In this case, as we could
expressed that sometimes she has see, the patient did obtain the
little concentration to draw or reach correct answer and seemed more
premises or conclusions that are secure and confident when carrying
important and it is difficult for her to out this task.
use free thought.

Josilenny: In this process the

patient got her answers about the
fallacies incorrect, since her ability
regarding said fallacies did not
correspond to this analysis.
Obviously anyone can make
mistakes, but there are still
methods in which she can benefit
and have a little more knowledge.
about.

Advance 6: Propositional, Relational and Syllogistic Reasoning

Cognitive Processes to Evaluate

Propositional Reasoning Relational Reasoning

Resources and Cell phone, Google Meet Laptop, cell phone,
Instruments to Evaluate application, WhatsApp, Laptop Google Meet app,
That instruments WhatsApp
(exam, tests, scale,
interview, questionnaire,
technological applications)
have they implemented?
 To evaluate the patient's level of For assess he level of
propositional reasoning, the first the patient's relational
thing reasoning, the first thing we did
What was done was to ask if she was ask if she was in a good
was in a good state to answer the state to answer the questions
questions we had for her, to we had for her, to which she
which she correctly answered correctly answered yes.
Procedures yes.
We will say that a person uses
Evaluation HE Explain that he next relational thinking to perform
How did you carry out the riddle HE can solve by the calculation 14 + 9 when,
process to assess these applying the principles of after examining the expression,
cognitive propositional logic. they look for relationships
problems? Explain the between one of the terms and
steps they took and why A subject managed to enter a den some other number that
they did it that way. of thieves to get a treasure. At the facilitate said calculation.
bottom of the first
bedroom found two doors and
 behind every door there is a In this case we ask the patient
treasure or a deadly trap. to look for a number that
added to 14 of 20.
The door on the left is identified
with the letter A and the door on
the right with the letter
b. Both doors have inscriptions
and the subject knows that both
are true or both are lies.

The door with the letter A says: At

least one of these two doors
hides a treasure.
The door with the letter B says:
Behind door A is a death trap.

The patient must respond:

Is there any treasure behind

either of the two doors
Or do they both hide deadly
traps? If either of the two doors
hides a treasure,
which of the two is it?

To which the patient responds

that there is no treasure and that
both doors hide a
Mortal trap.
Findings and/or Results Based on the answer given by After the patient finds the

That issues the patient we can determine worth a stranger in

the
They found? Summarize the that his ability of equality 14 + n = 20, which
details of the problems reasoning propositional corresponds to 6, it can be
encountered. Explain them He is in bad determined that the patient's
and argue. shape, since he got the answer to relational reasoning is in good
the questions wrong. The correct condition, since she was able to
answer being that there is a relate the given values to find
treasure (AVB) and it is located the unknown value.
behind door B.

The answer obtained HE

found based on direct deduction.

Josilenny: In theory, this Josilenny: The patient

procedure that was applied to the managed to get it right clearly
patient when determining a and conclusively. Thus, having
correct answer where she an excellent performance when
responded incorrectly, she carrying out this analysis and
seemed a little hesitant and also thus we were able to determine
her response was very that the relational reasoning of
instantaneous. She couldn't said patient is highly developed.
determine more calmly and that
didn't help her think and she Brenny : he had a good
Critical Opinion of each couldn't get acceptable results. success when it came to the
Researcher. evaluation, having good
What do you think of these Brenny : A procedure was applied management when carrying out
results? Because? Give to the patient in which she the analysis, we determined in
your opinion and argue. responded with difficulty; it could relational
Opinion of each researcher. be seen that in this case she did reasoning and was able to
not have a good command of successfully get the answers
propositional reasoning and had right...
no results obtained when
evaluating the questions. Anyi: From a personal point of
view
relational concept, it was to be
expected that the patient
 Anyi: I present confusion and a respond correctly and
lot of lack of concentration, before confidently, since in the
answering to Any example you are presented with
questioner must proceed to carry an example for which you will
out an exhaustive analysis since only have to look for the
we must respond, that is, in terms missing adding number and that
of what they ask us. Was your is when we realize that it is only
answer wrong or good, for us a question in many aspects of
who are just getting into the logical reasoning. Your
subjects, it favors us a lot and relational reasoning activity is
helps us in a good way to be very active so far; it could
better every day and to be able to increase later or decrease.
offer people a better program, in
short, updating in
every decade.

Syllogistic Reasoning

WhatsApp, Google Meet Application, Laptop, Cell Phone.

To evaluate the patient's level of syllogistic reasoning, the first thing to do is

What she did was ask if she was in a good state to answer the question we had for her, to which
she correctly answered yes.

We proceed to question, where the patient must select the correct answer: The green
watch is less expensive than the blue watch. The blue watch is more expensive than
the white one.
Which is the least cheap?

a) White

b) Green

c) Blue

The patient responded that the correct answer is c, which corresponds to the color blue.
Based on the answer given by the patient, we can say that the patient's syllogistic reasoning is in
good condition since she answered the question correctly.
that was carried out.
Josilenny: According to this reasoning, the patient was able to select the correct answer,
demonstrating that her syllogistic reasoning is at a good level.

At the time of this procedure, the patient was in good condition to carry out this process and
seemed confident and relaxed, and that made her think more confident and she did it in an
excellent way.

Brenny : Based on the syllogistic reasoning response, the patient was able to function very well,
we can say that she is in good condition since she was able to decipher the questions and
seemed more secure and confident in this realization...

Anyi: She has been questioned with clear, simple questions, but at the same time a little witty as
people sometimes say, with which it was possible to conclude that her stimulation was heightened
and that she felt calm at the moment when the problem was presented to her. case. It will also be
necessary to provide the necessary confidence or trust that the patient himself needs.
so that you do not feel nervous or distressed in a case like this.
 CONCLUSION
We can conclude that the cognitive processes we can refer to are a set of
mental actions that allow us to carry out daily operations in order to orient
ourselves, mental processes involved in knowledge. Cognitive processes are
those that allow us to analyze, know, think, organize and store information,
which is why they are so important, one of their main objectives is to
understand.

And also, the given activities which facilitate and help us improve how to
evaluate patients with various applied forms.
CRITICAL OPINION

BIBLIOGRAPHY

ANNEXES

Visual perception

Attention
Memory

Language Activity

Awareness

Decision making. Riddles

Troubleshooting. Labyrinth

Inductive Reasoning

Deductive reasoning