YEAR 8 SCIENCE REVISION MATERIAL

1 This question is about cells.

(a) Draw a straight line to match each part of a cell to its correct function.

part of a cell function

controls the movement of

substances
into and out of the cell
cell membrane

contains genetic information and

cytoplasm controls what happens inside the
cell

mitochondria jelly-like substance, where

chemical reactions happen

where most respiration reactions

happen

[2]
(b) Look at the diagram of a plant palisade cell.

nucleus

vacuole

cell wall

chloroplasts
cell membrane

Describe how the palisade cell is specialised to allow it to photosynthesise.

Palisade cells have many chloroplasts & are long & thin to
maximize sunlight capture for photosynthesis.

[2]
 3

(c) Euglena is a single-celled

organism. Look at the diagram of

an euglena.

flagellum

eye spot

cytoplasm

nucleus

chloroplast
cell membrane

Explain why euglena is difficult to classify as either a plant cell or an animal cell.

[1]
 4

2 This question is about materials.

Draw a straight line to match each material to its correct description.

material description

a pure substance containing

the same type of atom

alloy

a pure substance containing different

types of atoms bonded together
compound

a mixture containing two different

types of metal atoms
element

an impure substance containing

the same type of atom

a substance containing atoms

that are free to move

[3]
 5

3 Sound is reflected by hard surfaces.

(a) What is the name given to a reflected sound?

[1
Echo ]

(b) A ship is using sound to calculate the distance to the

seabed. The ship produces a sound.

The sound travels to the seabed and is reflected back to the ship.

sound

reflection

seabed

In water, sound travels a distance of 1500 m in one second.

The reflected sound is detected after 4 seconds.

Calculate the distance from the bottom of the ship to the seabed.

m
[2
6000 ]
1500*4=6000
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 6

4 The solid outer layer of the Earth is made up of large tectonic plates.

Look at the diagram showing a model of what happens when two tectonic plates meet.

(a) Write down the name of the two parts of the Earth that form this solid

outer layer. 1 2

[2]

(b) Write down three different events that happen near the boundaries of tectonic

plates. 1 2 3
Earthquakes
Volcanoes
Mountain building
[3]

(c) Describe the strengths and limitations of this model about the movement of tectonic
plates.

[2
]
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5 The incomplete dichotomous key shows different features of

vertebrates. Write words from the list in the boxes to complete the

key.

amphibian bird fish mammal reptile

vertebrate

fur no fur
......................................
.

feathers no feathers

Bird
.......................................
moist
dry scaly skin skin

......................................
Reptile
.

scales no scales

Fish
....................................... ......................................
.

[3]
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6 Chen tests some chemicals with Universal

Indicator. His results are shown on a pH chart.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

lemon vinegar bath floor paint

juice salts cleaner stripper

Use the pH chart to answer the questions.

(a) Write down the pH of vinegar.

4 [1]

(b) Paint stripper is tested with Universal Indicator.

Write down the colour of the Universal Indicator after the test.

indigo [1]

(c) Pure water is neutral.

Write down the pH of a neutral solution.

7 [1]

(d) Which chemical in the pH chart is the most acidic?

lemon juice
[1]
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7 Energy is transferred from one form into another.

(a) The diagram shows a television.

Complete the energy transfer for the television.

sound
..........................................
energy
electric
.......................................... energy light
..........................................
energy
heat
..........................................
energy

[1]

(b) A car transfers chemical energy in gasoline (petrol) into thermal energy, sound
energy and kinetic energy only.

The car transfers 100 J of chemical energy into 70 J of thermal energy and 10 J of
sound energy.

(i) Calculate how much chemical energy is transferred into kinetic energy.

J
[1
20 J ]

(ii) Describe what happens to the sound and thermal energy.

The energy is wasted energy
[1]
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8 Look at the table showing the percentage by volume of different gases in clean, dry air.

gas percentage by volume

78
Nitrogen
…………………….
oxygen
21
…………………….

Complete the table with the name of the missing gas and the missing percentage.
[2]

9 Donkeys mate and produce new generations of

donkeys. Horses mate and produce new generations

of horses.

A male donkey and a female horse mate and produce a

mule. Mules mate but do not produce offspring.

Tick (✓) to show which of the animals are species.

donkey hors mule

e

Explain your answer.

[2]
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10 Safia investigates chemical reactions.

(a) Safia adds two colourless solutions

together. She sees that a white solid is

made.

Name the process that happens when this white solid is made from the two

solutions. Circle the correct answer.

alloying decomposition melting precipitation

[1]

(b) Safia now adds sodium hydroxide solution to dilute hydrochloric

acid. Sodium hydroxide solution is an alkali.

What happens to the pH of the dilute hydrochloric acid as the sodium hydroxide
solution is added?

its increases and gets higher

Explain your answer.

when you add

[2
]
© UCLES 2023 3144_01 [Turn over
 12

11 Blessy collects some information about gravity on different planets in the Solar System.

(a) What is gravity?

[2]

(b) Look at the information Blessy collects.

relative mass relative

planet gravity
(Earth = 1) (Earth = 1)
Mercury 0.06 0.4

Mars 0.1 0.4

0.9
Venus 0.8
1.0
Earth 1
0.9
Uranus 15 1.1

Neptune 17 0.9

2.4
Saturn 95

Jupiter 318

(i) Write down the name of the planet that has the greatest gravity.

[1]

(ii) Write down a conclusion about the relationship between mass of planet and

gravity. Include information from the table in your answer.

[2]
© UCLES 2023 3144_01
 13

12 A research chemist investigates some compounds.

She wants to dissolve them in water and test the pH of the solution.

Look at the table showing the compounds she uses and their hazard symbols.

compound hazard symbol description of hazard

sulfuric acid ………………………..…………

hazardous to
potassium nitrate
the
environment

ethanol ………………………..…………

mercury nitrate ………………………..…………

Complete the table to describe the hazard for each compound.

One has been done for you.

[3]
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 14

13 Oliver investigates electricity.

He makes an electrical circuit using different materials to complete the circuit.

lamp

+ –
material
cell

He records his observations.

Look at his results.

does the
material
lamp light?
iron yes
steel yes
plastic no
wood no
rubber no
graphite yes
aluminium yes

(a) Write down all the materials in the table that conduct electricity.

[1]

(b) Write down the name of the particles that flow through conductors.

[1]

(c) Write down the word used to describe materials that do not conduct electricity.
 15

14 Look at the incomplete food web.

hawk

snake

rabbit
lizard

mouse

grasshopper
grass

The grasshopper feeds on grass.

The lizard feeds on the grasshopper.
The hawk feeds on the snake, the rabbit, the grasshopper and the lizard.

(a) Draw arrows to complete the food web. [2]

(b) The hawk is a top predator and is not eaten by other predators.

Write down two ways that energy from the hawk is returned to the

grass. 1 2

[2
]

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 The Periodic Table of Elements

Group

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2

H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
3 4 atomic number 5 6 7 8 9 10

Li Be atomic symbol B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
7 9 relative atomic mass 11 12 14 16 19 20
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

16
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
Cs Ba lanthanoids Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
Fr Ra actinoids Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
francium radium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium nihonium flerovium moscovium livermorium tennessine oganesson
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
lanthanoids La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium
samarium
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
actinoids Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
thorium protactinium uranium neptunium americium curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium
actinium plutonium
232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – –
– –