ISO/IEC 9126 AND

STANDARD
QUALITY
METRICS
CRISTIAN ALBERTO GOMEZ RODRIGUEZ
NATIONAL OPEN AND DISTANCE UNIVERSITY –UNAD-
SOFTWARE EVALUATION
2019
 committees with the International
WHAT IS ISO? Electrotechnical Commission
It is the International Organization for (IEC) to develop standards and
Standardization, it is an independent NGO terminology related to areas of
and has a presence in 162 countries. It is
dedicated to the creation of standards to electrical and electronic
ensure the quality, safety and efficiency of technology such as the so-called
products and services. ISO Standards.
ISO has formed several joint
WHAT IS IEC?
The International Electrotechnical Commission, founded in 1906, is the
world's leading organization for the development and publication of
international standards for all electrical, electronic and related
technologies. These are collectively known as "electrotechnics."
 ISO/IEC 9126 STANDARD

ISO 9126 was an international standard for software quality assessment. It was
replaced in 2005 by the SQuaRE set of standards, ISO 25000:2014, which
develops the same concepts.
It is divided into 4 parts
ISO/IEC 9126:1 (Use Quality Model): This standard classifies software
quality into a structured set of characteristics and subcharacteristics and these
into attributes.
 FEATURES AND
SUBCHARACTERISTIC
S
1. Functionality: Maturity: * which relate to the Comprehension: which relate to the
frequency of failure due to software
failures. users' effort to recognize the logical
* Software attributes concept and its applications.
Recoverability: relate to the ability to
Suitability: * related to the presence restore its level of performance and Operability: which are related to
and suitability of a set of functions for recover the data directly affected in the
specified tasks. event of failure and in the time and
the user's effort for the operation
effort related to it. and control of the software.
Accuracy: * related to
provision of correct or agreed results or Fault tolerance: which relates to its Attractiveness:
effects. ability to maintain a specified level of
performance in cases of software failure
Interoperability: * that relate to its or a violation of its specified interface.
ability to interact with specified Reliability Compliance: The
systems. ability of the software product to adhere
to standards, conventions or legislation
Security: * related to your related to reliability.
ability to prevent unauthorized access,
whether accidental or deliberate, to 3. Usability
programs and data.
Learning: which relate to the effort
Functional compliance. of users to recognize the logical
2. Reliability: concept and its applications.
4. Efficiency : Set of Stability: related to the adapted from one platform to
attributes related to the relationship risk of unexpected effects due to another.
between the level of software modifications.
performance and the amount of Ability of facility:
resources needed under established Ease of analysis: related to the Attributes of the software
conditions. effort necessary to diagnose related with the effort
deficiencies or causes of failures, or required to install the software in a
Behavior over time: Software identification of parts to be specified environment.
attributes that are related to modified.
response and processing times and Replaceability: Attributes of the
performance rates in performing its Ease of change: related to the effort software
function. necessary for modification, fault related to the opportunity and
correction, or change of effort to use the software instead of
Resource behavior: Using the environment. other specified software in the
appropriate amounts and types of environment of such specified
resources when the software Ease of testing: related to the effort software.
performs its function under given necessary to validate the modified
conditions. software.

5. Maintainability: the ease of 6. Portability: Set of attributes

extending, modifying or correcting related to the ability of a software
errors in a software system. system to be transferred and
 interoperability
7. QUALITY OF USE: precision security
suitability D compliance with functionality
Set of attributes
related to acceptance by the end adaptability
user and Security. maturity
ease of installation
Fault tolerance
Efficiency - Attributes related to the coexistence
efficiency of the software when the interchangeability
functionality recovery capacity

end user performs the processes. reliability compliance

portability compliance
"portability"- reliability
Productivity - Attributes Quality
related to performance in daily Internal
/
tasks performed by the end user. analysability
maintainability Externa usability
intelligibility
l
Security - Attributes to measure changeability ease of learning
risk levels. efficiency
stability operability"

Satisfaction - Attributes ability to be tested "attractiveness

related to the satisfaction of using maintainability compliance usability compliance

the software.
behavior over time efficiency compliance
resource utilization
 ISO/IEC 9126 –2
EXTERNAL METRICS
Provides external metrics to measure the attributes of the 6
external characteristics of quality. These metrics measure the
behavior of computer-based systems that include software.
EXTERNAL EFFICIENCY
METRICS

External efficiency metrics must be able to measure attributes

such as time consumption and resources used, behavior of the
computing system including the software during tests or
certain operations. Metrics are obtained for each
subcharacteristics.
 ISO/IEC 9126 –3
INTERNAL METRICS

These allow measuring attributes of the internal characteristics of

quality which measure the software itself, it must measure whether
it satisfies the reliability needs during development, it must make it
possible to take measures to establish acceptance criteria or
comparisons between products.
 ISO/IEC 9126 –4
QUALITY OF USE METRICS
They measure effects of software use in a specific context,
providing quality in use to measure the attributes defined in ISO
9126-1.
 WHAT ARE METRICS?
The metrics provide us with an index that allows us to determine if
the software meets the implicit and explicit requirements of the client.
They are used to evaluate certain aspects associated with the quality
of the analysis and the models used for the development of the
software, the source code and the test cases that have been created
when applying software engineering and these are qualitative and
quantitative in nature.
DEFINITIONS

Measurement: Provides a quantitative indication of the quantity, dimensions or

size of some attributes of a product.
Measurement : Act of determining a measurement.
Metric: It is a measure of the degree to which a system, component or process
possesses a given attribute.
Software metrics comprise a wide range of diverse activities, these are some:

‣ Cost and effort estimation measures and models

‣ Quality assurance and control

‣ Reliability models

‣ Models and execution evaluation

‣ Productivity models and measures

METRICS COLLECTION PROCESS
SOFTWARE
CLASSIFICATION OF SOFTWARE
METRICS ACCORDING TO CRITERIA
Metrics that define the measurement of complexity: volume, size, nesting, and
of complexity
configuration.

Metrics that define software quality: accuracy, structuring or modularity,

quality
testing, maintenance.

Metrics that attempt to assess or measure the productivity activities of

of competition programmers with respect to their certainty, speed, efficiency , and
competence

Metrics that measure the behavior of software modules and systems, under
performance
the supervision of the OS or hardware.

Experimentation and preference metrics: code style, conventions, limitations,

stylized etc.
 CLASSIFICATION OF SOFTWARE
METRICS
ACCORDING TO THE CONTEXT IN
Process metrics WHICH THEY ARE APPLIED
They are collected from all projects, and over a long period of time.
Project metrics Characterized by: control and execution of the project and measurement of
phase times.

Product metrics
They allow you to evaluate the status of the project.
They allow you to keep track of risks.

They focus on the features of the software and not how it was produced.
The artifacts, documents, models and components that make up the software are
also products.
Things like size, quality, completeness, volatility and effort are measured.
 ATTRIBUTES OF THE Me CALL MODEL
EASE OF MAINTENANCE

MODELS (I can fix it?)

EASE OF
TESTING
(May I try it
INTEROPERABILITY
(Can I communicate with another
system?)
- MCCALL MODEL (1977)
on?)
PORTABILITY
(Can I use it on another machine?)
> FURPS MODEL (1987) REUSABILITY
(Will I be able to use some of the
> DROMEY MODEL (1996) FLEXIBILITY
(Can I modify it?)

> ISO 9000 and ISO/IEC 9126 standards

CORRECTION (Does the software do what I want?)

RELIABILITY (Does it do it exactly all the time?)
EFFICIENCY (Will it run on my hardware as well as possible?)

INTEGRITY (Is it safe?)

EASE OF USE (Can I run it?)
 Dromey Quality Model
❖High level quality attributes
functionality reliability ease of use
VE efficiency ease of maintenance portability
VReusability . machine independence. separation capacity.
configurability

/Maturity, customer orientation. > ISO 9126

correct definition. assurance. effectiveness
Unification of quality through
models (McCall and ISO 9126)
considering five attributes and
eleven factors, intended for
the user, to evaluate software
quality.