BRANCHES OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Definition:
Engineering is the set of scientific knowledge and techniques applied to the invention,
improvement and use of techniques to solve problems that directly affect human beings in their
daily activities.

Another concept that defines engineering is knowing how to apply scientific knowledge to the
invention, improvement or use of the technique in all its determinations. This application is
characterized by mainly using ingenuity in a more pragmatic and agile way than the scientific
method, since an engineering activity is generally limited to a time and resources given by
projects. Ingenuity involves having a combination of wisdom and inspiration to model any
system in practice .
Engineering Fields:
 From sea
 Earth sciences
 Of air and space
 Administrative and design
 Derived from physics and chemistry
 Derived from biological sciences and medicine
 Of agriculture and the environment
 By application object
 Computer Science
 New
Branches of Engineering:
Below are some specialties from some of the most common branches of
engineering.
civil Engineering
STRUCTURES Analysis and study of the structures necessary for the
construction of bridges, buildings, domes, dams, etc.
TRANSPORT Study, design, analysis and construction of land and
sea communication routes, which include ports,
airports, truck terminals and railways.
SANITARY Design and construction of sewage systems,
wastewater and stormwater treatment plants, water
purification plants and systems to prevent
environmental pollution.
HYDRAULICS Detection of drinking water sources, construction of
port and river facilities, design and construction of
irrigation systems, dams, canals and distribution
networks.
GEOTECHNICS Study and analysis of soils and rocks, on which
buildings, roads, bridges, dams or oil platforms will be
built.
GEODESY Study and analysis of the earth's surface to determine
civil engineering projects, using satellites or
aerophotometry.
CONSTRUCTION They build what other engineers calculate or design,
their specialty is the administration of technical,
financial and human resources.
Branches of civil engineering
The title of Civil Engineer allows you to deepen your studies and knowledge of the construction procedures
of civil works, receiving training with a clear practical orientation, inherent to the daily work of the technical
engineer, so that, upon graduating, the professional is versatile and can develop quickly in the workplace. It
is these professionals who are in charge of the organization of civil works, the procedures and construction
machinery necessary for the works and the materials that must be used in them. The professional activities
of a Civil Engineer can extend to transportation infrastructure, roads, airports or railways, applying in each
case the appropriate technology and structure. The graduated professional will be trained in the preparation
of construction projects, civil works management and consulting, incorporating the use and application of
new technologies for the environmental adaptation of the work to traditional procedures. Likewise, the
employment level extends to the free exercise of the profession in the private field, serving private
companies, consulting firms, etc.; as well as in the public (local, regional and state administrations), teaching
and research.
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING

Structural engineering is responsible for estimating the maximum resistance of elements subjected to
variable loads, permanent loads and eventual loads (earthquakes, winds, snow, etc.), seeking a minimum
state of service at the lowest possible cost.

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING

Geotechnical engineering is responsible for estimating the resistance between particles of the Earth's crust
of different nature, granulometry, humidity, cohesion, and soil properties in general, in order to ensure the
interaction of the soil with the structure. It also carries out the design of the foundation or support for
buildings, bridges, etc.

HYDRAULIC ENGINEER

Hydraulic engineering is one of the oldest branches of civil engineering, since it has been present since the
traditional Romans. It deals with the planning and execution of works related to water, whether for its use,
such as obtaining hydraulic energy, irrigation, purification, canalization, or others, or for the construction of
structures in seas, rivers, lakes, or similar environments, including, for example, dikes, dams, canals, ports,
docks, breakwaters, among other constructions. It also refers to hydraulic machines.

TRANSPORTATION AND ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING

Concept of Transportation and Road Engineering:

Transportation and Highway Engineering is understood as the set of knowledge, skills, professional
practices, principles and values necessary to satisfy social needs regarding the mobility of people and
goods.

Transportation and Highway Engineering is a specialty of the engineering profession, based on the
application of physical sciences, mathematics, technology and ingenuity in general, for the benefit of
humanity.

 Transportation planning
 Transport economy sport
 Pavement design and maintenance
 Design of urban cycle paths
 Geometric road design
 parking lot design

Branches of civil engineering

The title of Civil Engineer allows you to deepen your studies and knowledge of the construction
procedures of civil works, receiving training with a clear practical orientation, inherent to the daily
work of the technical engineer, so that, upon graduating, the professional is versatile and can
develop quickly in the workplace. It is these professionals who are in charge of the organization of
civil works, the procedures and construction machinery necessary for the works and the materials
that must be used in them. The professional activities of a Civil Engineer can extend to transport
infrastructure, roads, airports or railways, applying in each case the appropriate technology and
structure. The graduated professional will be trained in the preparation of construction projects,
civil works management and consulting, incorporating the use and application of new technologies
for the environmental adaptation of the work to traditional procedures. Likewise, the employment
level extends to the free exercise of the profession in the private field, serving private companies,
consulting firms, etc.; as well as in the public (local, regional and state administrations), teaching
and research.

Structural engineering:
Structural engineering is responsible for estimating the maximum resistance of elements
subjected to variable loads, permanent loads and eventual loads (earthquakes, winds, snow, etc.),
seeking a minimum state of service at the lowest possible cost.

Geotechnical Engineering:

Geotechnical engineering is responsible for estimating the resistance between particles of the
Earth's crust of different nature, granulometry, humidity, cohesion, and soil properties in general,
in order to ensure the interaction of the soil with the structure. It also carries out the design of the
foundation or support for buildings, bridges, etc.

Hydraulic Engineering (also known as water resources engineering):

Hydraulic engineering is one of the oldest branches of civil engineering, since it has been present
since the traditional Romans, who were already in charge of the enormous job of exterminating
the hydras. It deals with the planning and execution of works related to water, whether for its use,
such as obtaining hydraulic energy, irrigation, purification, canalization, or others, or for the
construction of structures in seas, rivers, lakes, or similar environments, including, for example,
dikes, dams, canals, ports, docks, breakwaters, among other constructions. It also refers to
hydraulic machines.

Transportation and Road Infrastructure Engineering

Transportation and Highway Engineering is understood as the set of knowledge, skills, professional
practices, principles and values necessary to satisfy social needs regarding the mobility of people
and goods.
Transportation and Highway Engineering is a specialty of the engineering profession, based on the
application of physical sciences, mathematics, technology and ingenuity in general, for the benefit
of humanity.
Transportation planning
Transportation economics
Pavement design and maintenance
Design of urban cycle paths
Geometric road design
parking lot design

Construction Management and Engineering

It is the branch of civil engineering that is responsible for making estimates of how much a certain
project will cost, the time it will take to complete a work, processing the corresponding permits at
the time of starting a project, preparing contracts between the owner and engineer, carry out
inspections to corroborate that everything is done according to the predetermined plans and
specifications, carry out the calendar of activities by which the contractor will be governed to carry
out the work, carry out project management among other aspects.

Construction Management is not difficult, but it has its demands. It requires intelligent people who
have:
Ability to work as a team.
Clear vision of the process.
Systems that make it easier for them to manage details.
Working well with other people is essential: regardless of how brilliant we may be, things will go
wrong if others do not want our success and our success is closely linked to the success of the
project.
Being smart helps, but smart people generally prefer to handle concepts and delegate details to
others. In Construction Management, both qualities are required: intelligence to handle the
general concepts of project management and diligence to be aware of all the details.
Project Management must use computers, they can be in charge of organizing and managing the
details, but it is the man who poses the problems, who judges and who produces the results, line
by line, game by game.