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Worksheet 8

Experimental worksheet on digital electronics

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Mehrez Saafi
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22 views6 pages

Worksheet 8

Experimental worksheet on digital electronics

Uploaded by

Mehrez Saafi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Specialization: Electronic Instrument Maintenance Department: Electronics Engineering

Course: Fundamental Digital


Level: Two Course code: EECIM1203
Electronics and Circuits
Date: 29 / 01 / 2023 - 02 / 02 / 2023
Week: Five
COMBINATIONAL LOGIC CIRCUIT: ADDER-SUBTRACTOR
Worksheet 5
LOGIC CIRCUITS
Student Name: ……………………………………………………………………………..

:OBJECTIVES
:At the end of this session the student should be able to
1. Construct a half adder using basic logic gates.
2. Construct a half subtractor using universal gates.
3. Prepare the experimental setup properly, operate the equipment and measuring instruments safely,
and get the readings correctly.
4. Compare the experimental values with the predicted values.
Introduction:
A half adder has two inputs for the two bits to be added and two outputs: one from the XOR gate for the
sum S and another from the AND gate for the carry C into the higher adder position.
A full adder is a combinational circuit that forms the arithmetic sum of inputs. It consists of three inputs
and two outputs. A full adder is used to add three bits at a time, but a half adder cannot do so. In a full
adder, the sum output will be taken from XOR gate while the carry output will be taken from the OR
gate.
The half subtractor is constructed using XOR and AND gate. The half subtractor has two inputs and two
outputs: the difference and borrow. The difference output comes from the XOR gate, while the borrow
output is implemented using an AND gate and an inverter.

1
Apparatus and Materials Required

Quantity Materials .No


1 7400 Quad 2-Input NAND Gate 1
1 7408 Quad 2-Input AND Gate 2
1 7486 Quad 2-Input XOR Gate 3
1 7404 Hex Inverter 4
1 IDL-800 Prototyping Board 5
1 LED 6
1 Resistor, 270 Ω, ¼ W 7
16 Wire connectors 8

Procedure
1. Check all ICs and components using the IC tester and multimeter.
2. Connect the circuit as shown in the diagram.
3. Set the DC power supply to 5 volts on the breadboard.
4. Connect the Vcc and GND supply to the ICs.
5. Apply various inputs to the IC as shown on the truth table and record the outputs.
6. If there is any problem, check the power supply, check for open and short circuit, and check all
components again.

Data Collection and Analysis

Part 1: The Half Adder


2
Connect the following components using the circuits shown below. Vary the inputs A and B to obtain all
the possible combinations and complete a truth table for the sum output S and the carry output C.

The Half adder using (a) NAND gates and (b) XOR and AND gates

Truth Table of Half Adder


Inputs Output Voltage Binary addition Equivalent
A B Carry (AB) Sum A B result (A+B) decimal result
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1

Write the equations between the inputs and outputs of the circuit:
C=
S=

Part 2: The Half Subtractor


The half-subtractor is a combinational circuit which is used to perform subtraction of two bits. It has two
inputs, X (minuend) and Y (subtrahend) and two outputs D (difference) and B (borrow). Vary the inputs
A and B to obtain all the possible combinations and complete a truth table for the sum output S and the
carry output C.

3
The Half Subtractor using (a) NAND gates and (b) XOR, Inverter and AND gates

Truth Table of Half Subtractor


Inputs Output Voltage Binary Equivalent
subtraction decimal result
A B Borrow Difference
result (A-B)
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1

Write the equations between the inputs and outputs of the circuit:
BR =
D=

Part 3: The Full Adder


A full adder is a combinational circuit that forms the arithmetic sum of input; it consists of three inputs
and two outputs. A full adder is used to add three bits at a time, but a half adder cannot do so. In a full
adder, the sum output will be taken from the XOR gates, while the carry output will be taken from the
OR gate.

4
The full adder using (a) NAND gates and (b) XOR, AND and OR gate.

Truth Table of Full Adder


Inputs Output Voltage Binary Equivalent
Carry Sum addition decimal
A B Cin AB+BC+AC A B Cin result result
(On Pin 3) (On Pin 6) (A+B+Cin)
0 0 0
0 0 1
0 1 0
0 1 1
1 0 0
1 0 1
1 1 0
1 1 1

Part 4: The Full Subtractor


The full subtractor is a combinational circuit which is used to perform subtraction of three bits. A full
subtractor is used to add three bits at a time but a half subtractor cannot do so. In a full subtractor, the diff
output will be taken from the XOR gates, while the borrow output will be taken from the OR gate. Vary
the inputs A and B to obtain all the possible combinations and complete a truth table for the difference
output D and the borrow output B.

5
The Full Subtractor using (a) NAND gates and (b) XOR, Inverter, OR and AND gates.

Truth Table of Full Subtractor


Inputs Output Voltage Binary Equivalent
Borrow out Difference subtraction decimal
A B Bin
(On Pin 3) (On Pin 6) result (A-B) result
0 0 0
0 0 1
0 1 0
0 1 1
1 0 0
1 0 1
1 1 0
1 1 1

Instructor: Mehrez Saafi Head of Department: Mrs Carla Mendoza

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