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What is System Testing? Types with Example

By : Thomas Hamilton Updated April 1, 2024

What is System Testing?

System Testing is a level of testing that validates the
complete and fully integrated so ware product. The
purpose of a system test is to evaluate the end-to-end
system specifications. Usually, the so ware is only one
element of a larger computer-based system. Ultimately,
the so ware is interfaced with other so ware/hardware
systems. System Testing is defined as a series of di erent
tests whose sole purpose is to exercise the full computer-
based system.

Table of Content:

System Testing Video Explanation

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System Testing is Blackbox

Two Category of So ware Testing

Black Box Testing

White Box Testing

System test falls under the black box testing category of So ware testing.

White box testing is the testing of the internal workings or code of a so ware application. In contrast,
black box or System Testing is the opposite. System test involves the external workings of the
so ware from the user’s perspective.

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What do you verify in System Testing?

System Testing involves testing the so ware code for following

Testing the fully integrated applications including external peripherals in order to check how
components interact with one another and with the system as a whole. This is also called End to
End testing scenario.
Verify thorough testing of every input in the application to check for desired outputs.
Testing of the user’s experience with the application.

That is a very basic description of what is involved in system testing. You need to build detailed test
cases and test suites that test each aspect of the application as seen from the outside without
looking at the actual source code. To learn more about a comprehensive approach to this process,
consider reading about end-to-end testing.

So ware Testing Hierarchy

As with almost any so ware engineering process, so ware testing has a prescribed order in which
things should be done. The following is a list of so ware testing categories arranged in chronological
order. These are the steps taken to fully test new so ware in preparation for marketing it:

Unit testing performed on each module or block of code during development. Unit Testing is
normally done by the programmer who writes the code.
Integration testing done before, during and a er integration of a new module into the main
so ware package. This involves testing of each individual code module. One piece of so ware
can contain several modules which are o en created by several di erent programmers. It is
crucial to test each module’s e ect on the entire program model.
System testing done by a professional testing agent on the completed so ware product before
it is introduced to the market.
Acceptance testing – beta testing of the product done by the actual end users.

Types of System Testing

There are more than 50 types of System Testing. For an exhaustive list of so ware testing types click
here. Below we have listed types of system testing a large so ware development company would
typically use

1. Usability Testing – mainly focuses on the user’s ease to use the application, flexibility in
handling controls and ability of the system to meet its objectives
2. Load Testing – is necessary to know that a so ware solution will perform under real-life loads.
3. Regression Testing – involves testing done to make sure none of the changes made over the
course of the development process have caused new bugs. It also makes sure no old bugs
appear from the addition of new so ware modules over time.
4. Recovery Testing – is done to demonstrate a so ware solution is reliable, trustworthy and can
successfully recoup from possible crashes.
5. Migration Testing – is done to ensure that the so ware can be moved from older system
infrastructures to current system infrastructures without any issues.
6. Functional Testing – Also known as functional completeness testing, Functional Testing involves
trying to think of any possible missing functions. Testers might make a list of additional
functionalities that a product could have to improve it during functional testing.
7. Hardware/So ware Testing – IBM refers to Hardware/So ware testing as “HW/SW Testing”. This
is when the tester focuses his/her attention on the interactions between the hardware and
so ware during system testing.

What Types of System Testing Should Testers Use?

There are over 50 di erent types of system testing. The specific types used by a tester depend on
several variables. Those variables include:

Who the tester works for – This is a major factor in determining the types of system testing a
tester will use. Methods used by large companies are di erent than that used by medium and
small companies.
Time available for testing – Ultimately, all 50 testing types could be used. Time is o en what
limits us to using only the types that are most relevant for the so ware project.
Resources available to the tester – Of course some testers will not have the necessary resources
to conduct a testing type. For example, if you are a tester working for a large so ware
development firm, you are likely to have expensive automated testing so ware not available to
others.
So ware Tester’s Education- There is a certain learning curve for each type of so ware testing
available. To use some of the so ware involved, a tester has to learn how to use it.
Testing Budget – Money becomes a factor not just for smaller companies and individual
so ware developers but large companies as well.

You Might Like:

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